BABAR ENGLISH
Parts of Speech
Definition
The parts of speech are the primary categories of words according to their function in a sentence.
English has eight main parts of speech. We’ll look at a brief overview of each below; continue on to their individual chapters to learn more about them.
​
Nouns
Nouns are words that identify or name people, places, or things. Nouns can function as the subject of a clause or sentence, an object of a verb, or an object of a preposition. Words like cat, book, table, girl, and plane are all nouns.
​
Pronouns
Pronouns are words that represent nouns (people, places, or things). Grammatically, pronouns are used in the same ways as nouns; they can function as subjects or objects. Common pronouns include I, you, she, him, it, everyone, and somebody.
Verbs
Verbs are words that describe the actions—or states of being—of people, animals, places, or things. Verbs function as the root of what’s called the predicate, which is required (along with a subject) to form a complete sentence; therefore, every sentence must include at least one verb.
Verbs include action words like run, walk, write, or sing, as well as words describing states of being, such as be, seem, feel, or sound.
​
Adjectives
Adjectives are words that modify (add description to) nouns and (occasionally) pronouns. They can be a part of either the subject or the predicate. Common adjectives are red, blue, fast, slow, big, tall, and wide.
​
Adverbs
Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or even entire clauses. Depending on what they modify (and how), adverbs can appear anywhere in the sentence. Adverbs are commonly formed from adjectives by adding “-ly” to the end, as in slowly, quickly, widely, beautifully, or commonly.
​
Prepositions
Prepositions are words that express a relationship between a noun or pronoun (known as the object of the preposition) and another part of the sentence. Together, these form prepositional phrases, which can function as adjectives or as adverbs in a sentence. Some examples of prepositional phrases are: on the table, in the shed, and across the field. (The prepositions are in bold.)
​
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are words that connect other words, phrases, or clauses, expressing a specific kind of relationship between the two (or more) elements. The most common conjunctions are the coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet.
​
Interjection
Interjection is a word which expresses some sudden feeling or emotion. Some examples are: Alas! Hurrah! Bravo!
Interchange of Parts of Speech
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
action, act act active actively
agriculture ------ agricultural ------
amazement amaze amazing amazingly
amusement amuse amusing amusingly
engagement engage engaging engagingly
anger anger angry angrily
appreciation appreciate appreciative appreciatively
architecture architecture architectural architecturally
art/artist ------ artistic artistically
astonishment astonish astonishing astonishingly
attraction attract attractive attractively
authority authorise authoritative authoritatively
awe awe awful awfully
base base basic basically
base debase baseless baselessly
beautician beautify beautiful beautifully
beautification beautify beautiful beautifully
beautifier beautify beautiful beautifully
beauty beautify beautiful beautifully
belief believe believable believably
believer believe believable believably
biology ------ biological biologically
blood bleed bloody
bond bond bonded, bonding bonding
book book bookish bookishly
brevity brief brief briefly ------
brutality brutalise brutal brutally
care care careful,careless carefully,carelessly
centre centralize central centrally
ceremony ------ ceremonial ceremonially
charity ------ charitable charitably
character characterize characteristic characteristically.
clarity clear clear clearly
class classify classified classifically
colony colonize colonized/colonial ------
colour colour colourful colourfully
comfort comfort comfortable comfortably
commerce commercialize commercial commercially
community commune communal communally
company accompany companionable ------
comparison compare comparative comparatively
completion complete complete completely
composer compose composed composedly
conclusion conclude conclusive conclusively
condition conditional conditionally ------
confusion confuse confusing confusingly
construction contruct constructive constructively
convenience ------ convenient conveniently
courae encourage courageous courageously
creation, creator create creative creatively
credit credit creditable creditably
credulity ------ credulous credulously
crime ------ criminal criminally
critic criticize critical critically
curiosity curious curiously
danger endanger dangerous dangerously
debate debate debatable debatably.
decision decide decisive decisively
definition define definite definitely
delight ------ delightful delightfully
democracy democratize democratic democratically
dependence depend dependent dependently
devotee, devotion devote devotional devotionally
devotion devote devotional devotionally
diminution diminish diminishable diminutively
direction direct direct directly
dirt dirtied dirty dirtily
discipline discipline disciplinary
drama dramatize dramatic dramatically
duty ------ dutiful dutifully
ease ------ easy easily
economy economies economical economically
economy economize economical economically
education educate educative
effect effect effective effectively
energy energies energetic energetically
enjoyment enjoy joyous {joyously
entertainment entertain entertaining entertainingly
envy envy envious enviously
event ------ eventful eventfully
excellence ------ excellent excellently
excess exceed excessive excessively
excitement excite excited excitedly
expectation expect expectant expectantly
expertness, expert expertise expert expertly
expression express expressive expressively
eye eye ocular ocularly
grace ------ graceless gracelessly
rest rest restful restfully
face faced facial facially
facility facilitate facilitating facilitatingly
fame fame famous famously
fancy fancy fanciful fancifully
fascination fascinate fascinating fascinatingly
favour favour favourite favourably
fear fear fearful fearfully
force ------ forcible forcibly
figure figure figuartive figuratively
focus focus focal focally
fool befool foolish foolishly
force force forceful forcefully
form form formal formally
formation form formative formatively
friend befriend friendly
fright frighten frightful frightfully
fruit ------ fruitful fruitfully
function function functioning functionally
glory glorify glorious gloriously
grace grace graceful gracefully
grammar ------ grammatical grammatically
habit habituate hibitual habitually
happiness ----- happy happily
harmony harmonise harmonious harmoniously
heart ------ hearty heartily
history historical historically ------
honour honour honourable honourably
horror horrify horrible horribly
humour ------ humorous humorously
idiot, idiocy ------ idiotic idiotically
imposition impose imposing imposingly
inclusion include inclusive inclusively
industry `------ industrious industrially
information inform infromative informatively
initiation initiate initiative initiatively
integration integrate integral integrally
interest ------ interesting interestingly
Joy enjoy, joyful,joyous, jously, jouyfuly
king ------ kingly, royal royally
labour labour laborious laboriously
lavishness lavish lavish lavishly
law ------ lawful, legal lawfully, legally
love love lovable lovingly
luck ------ lucky luckily
management manage manageable manageably
marvel marvell marvellous marvellously
matter materialize material materially
meaning mean meaningful meaningfully
measure measure measurable measurably
memory memorize memorable memorably
method methodize methodical methodically,
mind mind mindful mindfully
nature naturalise natural naturally
necessity necessitate necessary necessarily
need need needless needlessly
need, needy needed needful needfully
notice notice noticeable noticeably
obedience obey obedient obediently
observance observe observable observably
office officiate official officially
organ ------ organic organically
origin originate original originally
pain pain painful painfully
particular particularize particular particularly
patron patronize patronizing patronizingly
person personify personal personally
picture picture pictorial pictorially
pity pitied piteous piteously
popularity popularize popular popularly
possessions possess possessive possessively