Unclear Pronoun Reference
An unclear pronoun reference occurs when it is not clear to which noun a pronoun is referring. This can create confusion for the reader, as the pronoun could potentially refer to more than one antecedent or none at all. There are several types of unclear pronoun references, and various strategies can be employed to clarify them.
Types of Unclear Pronoun References
1. Ambiguous Reference
When a pronoun can refer to two or more possible antecedents.
Unclear: When Jim visited Mark, he found the house messy. Clear: When Jim visited Mark, Jim found the house messy. Clear: When Jim visited Mark, Mark found the house messy.
Unclear: Sarah told Emma that she would be late. Clear: Sarah told Emma that Sarah would be late. Clear: Sarah told Emma that Emma would be late.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was scared. Clear: The cat chased the dog because the cat was scared. Clear: The cat chased the dog because the dog was scared.
2. Remote Reference
When a pronoun refers to an antecedent that is too far back in the text.
Unclear: The report was submitted after several revisions. It contained many errors. Clear: The report, which contained many errors, was submitted after several revisions.
Unclear: She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. It was very informative. Clear: She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. The presentation was very informative.
Unclear: The cake was left on the table overnight. It was stale the next morning. Clear: The cake was left on the table overnight. The cake was stale the next morning.
3. Implied Reference
When the pronoun refers to an implied, rather than explicitly stated, antecedent.
Unclear: He didn't want to go to the party because they would be there. Clear: He didn't want to go to the party because his ex-friends would be there.
Unclear: It was raining, so they had to cancel it. Clear: It was raining, so they had to cancel the picnic.
Unclear: The teacher announced that it would be difficult. Clear: The teacher announced that the exam would be difficult.
4. Vague Reference
When the pronoun does not clearly refer to any specific noun.
Unclear: If you keep practicing, it will improve. Clear: If you keep practicing, your technique will improve.
Unclear: She was late because of it. Clear: She was late because of the traffic.
Unclear: They couldn’t understand it. Clear: They couldn’t understand the instructions.
5. Broad Reference
When the pronoun refers to a broad idea or a clause rather than a specific noun.
Unclear: He finally gave up, which was a relief. Clear: He finally gave up, and his resignation was a relief.
Unclear: She couldn't understand the concept, which frustrated her. Clear: She couldn't understand the concept, and this inability frustrated her.
Unclear: He completed the project on time, which surprised everyone. Clear: He completed the project on time, and this achievement surprised everyone.
Solutions for Unclear Pronoun References
Replace the Pronoun with the Noun: To avoid ambiguity, the pronoun can be replaced with the specific noun it refers to.
Rephrase the Sentence: Rewriting the sentence for clarity can often resolve the issue.
Add a Clarifying Noun: Including an additional noun to specify the antecedent.
Restructure the Sentence: Changing the structure of the sentence to make the antecedent clear.
Use Demonstrative Pronouns or Adjectives: Using pronouns like "this" or "that" with a noun for clarity.
Examples of Solution for Unclear Pronoun References
Replace the Pronoun with the Noun
Unclear: When Sarah met Lisa, she was excited. Clear: When Sarah met Lisa, Sarah was excited.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was playful. Clear: The cat chased the dog because the cat was playful.
Unclear: Jim told Bob that he needed help. Clear: Jim told Bob that Jim needed help.
Unclear: The manager spoke to the employee because he was late. Clear: The manager spoke to the employee because the employee was late.
Unclear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and she bought a dress. Clear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and Jane bought a dress.
Unclear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and he was annoyed. Clear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and John was annoyed.
Unclear: The teacher helped the student because she was struggling. Clear: The teacher helped the student because the student was struggling.
Unclear: Mark and Tom were talking, and he started laughing. Clear: Mark and Tom were talking, and Mark started laughing.
Unclear: The dog barked at the cat because it was angry. Clear: The dog barked at the cat because the dog was angry.
Unclear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and she waved. Clear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and Emily waved.
Rephrase the Sentence
Unclear: When Sarah met Lisa, she was excited. Clear: Sarah was excited when she met Lisa.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was playful. Clear: Because the cat was playful, it chased the dog.
Unclear: Jim told Bob that he needed help. Clear: Jim told Bob that Jim needed help.
Unclear: The manager spoke to the employee because he was late. Clear: Because the employee was late, the manager spoke to him.
Unclear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and she bought a dress. Clear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and Jane bought a dress.
Unclear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and he was annoyed. Clear: John was annoyed after the meeting, so he called his friend.
Unclear: The teacher helped the student because she was struggling. Clear: Because the student was struggling, the teacher helped her.
Unclear: Mark and Tom were talking, and he started laughing. Clear: Mark started laughing while he was talking to Tom.
Unclear: The dog barked at the cat because it was angry. Clear: Because the dog was angry, it barked at the cat.
Unclear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and she waved. Clear: When Emily saw Jennifer at the park, Emily waved.
Add a Clarifying Noun
Unclear: When Sarah met Lisa, she was excited. Clear: When Sarah met Lisa, Sarah was excited.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was playful. Clear: The cat chased the dog because the cat was playful.
Unclear: Jim told Bob that he needed help. Clear: Jim told Bob that Jim needed help.
Unclear: The manager spoke to the employee because he was late. Clear: The manager spoke to the employee because the employee was late.
Unclear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and she bought a dress. Clear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and Jane bought a dress.
Unclear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and he was annoyed. Clear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and John was annoyed.
Unclear: The teacher helped the student because she was struggling. Clear: The teacher helped the student because the student was struggling.
Unclear: Mark and Tom were talking, and he started laughing. Clear: Mark and Tom were talking, and Mark started laughing.
Unclear: The dog barked at the cat because it was angry. Clear: The dog barked at the cat because the dog was angry.
Unclear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and she waved. Clear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and Emily waved.
Restructure the Sentence
Unclear: When Sarah met Lisa, she was excited. Clear: Sarah was excited to meet Lisa.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was playful. Clear: The playful cat chased the dog.
Unclear: Jim told Bob that he needed help. Clear: Jim needed help and told Bob about it.
Unclear: The manager spoke to the employee because he was late. Clear: The employee was late, so the manager spoke to him.
Unclear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and she bought a dress. Clear: While shopping, Jane bought a dress.
Unclear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and he was annoyed. Clear: Annoyed after the meeting, John called his friend.
Unclear: The teacher helped the student because she was struggling. Clear: The struggling student received help from the teacher.
Unclear: Mark and Tom were talking, and he started laughing. Clear: Mark started laughing while talking to Tom.
Unclear: The dog barked at the cat because it was angry. Clear: The angry dog barked at the cat.
Unclear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and she waved. Clear: Waving, Emily saw Jennifer at the park.
Use Demonstrative Pronouns or Adjectives
Unclear: When Sarah met Lisa, she was excited. Clear: When Sarah met Lisa, this meeting excited her.
Unclear: The cat chased the dog because it was playful. Clear: The cat chased the dog because this cat was playful.
Unclear: Jim told Bob that he needed help. Clear: Jim told Bob that this man needed help.
Unclear: The manager spoke to the employee because he was late. Clear: The manager spoke to the employee because this employee was late.
Unclear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and she bought a dress. Clear: Jane and Mary went shopping, and Jane bought this dress.
Unclear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and he was annoyed. Clear: After the meeting, John called his friend, and this friend was annoyed.
Unclear: The teacher helped the student because she was struggling. Clear: The teacher helped the student because this student was struggling.
Unclear: Mark and Tom were talking, and he started laughing. Clear: Mark and Tom were talking, and Mark started this laughing.
Unclear: The dog barked at the cat because it was angry. Clear: The dog barked at the cat because this dog was angry.
Unclear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and she waved. Clear: Emily saw Jennifer at the park, and this woman waved.
More Examples:
Ambiguous Reference
Unclear: When John visited Mike, he was very tired. Clear: When John visited Mike, John was very tired. Clear: When John visited Mike, Mike was very tired.
Unclear: The teacher called the student while she was grading. Clear: The teacher called the student while the teacher was grading. Clear: The teacher called the student while the student was grading.
Unclear: Alice gave Mary her book. Clear: Alice gave Mary Alice’s book. Clear: Alice gave Mary Mary’s book.
Unclear: The manager met the client after he finished the report. Clear: The manager met the client after the manager finished the report. Clear: The manager met the client after the client finished the report.
Unclear: The child spoke to the babysitter because she was upset. Clear: The child spoke to the babysitter because the child was upset. Clear: The child spoke to the babysitter because the babysitter was upset.
Unclear: If the lamp hits the table, it will break. Clear: If the lamp hits the table, the lamp will break. Clear: If the lamp hits the table, the table will break.
Unclear: Maria saw Laura at the store, but she didn’t speak to her. Clear: Maria saw Laura at the store, but Maria didn’t speak to Laura. Clear: Maria saw Laura at the store, but Laura didn’t speak to Maria.
Unclear: David and Mark are brothers, but he is taller. Clear: David and Mark are brothers, but David is taller. Clear: David and Mark are brothers, but Mark is taller.
Unclear: The cat followed the dog because it was hungry. Clear: The cat followed the dog because the cat was hungry. Clear: The cat followed the dog because the dog was hungry.
Unclear: Jessica told Karen that her car was ready. Clear: Jessica told Karen that Jessica’s car was ready. Clear: Jessica told Karen that Karen’s car was ready.
Unclear: When the dog ran after the cat, it climbed a tree. Clear: When the dog ran after the cat, the cat climbed a tree. Clear: When the dog ran after the cat, the dog climbed a tree.
Unclear: Tom and Jerry watched a movie, but he didn’t like it. Clear: Tom and Jerry watched a movie, but Tom didn’t like it. Clear: Tom and Jerry watched a movie, but Jerry didn’t like it.
Unclear: Rachel met Sarah at the cafe, where she told her about the job. Clear: Rachel met Sarah at the cafe, where Rachel told Sarah about the job. Clear: Rachel met Sarah at the cafe, where Sarah told Rachel about the job.
Unclear: The artist spoke to the critic after he finished his painting. Clear: The artist spoke to the critic after the artist finished his painting. Clear: The artist spoke to the critic after the critic finished his painting.
Unclear: The firefighter helped the boy after he escaped the building. Clear: The firefighter helped the boy after the firefighter escaped the building. Clear: The firefighter helped the boy after the boy escaped the building.
Remote Reference
Unclear: The report was submitted after several revisions. It contained many errors. Clear: The report, which contained many errors, was submitted after several revisions.
Unclear: She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. It was very informative. Clear: She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. The presentation was very informative.
Unclear: The cake was left on the table overnight. It was stale the next morning. Clear: The cake was left on the table overnight. The cake was stale the next morning.
Unclear: They went on a long hike through the mountains. It was exhausting. Clear: They went on a long hike through the mountains. The hike was exhausting.
Unclear: The company announced a new policy regarding remote work. It will start next month. Clear: The company announced a new policy regarding remote work. The policy will start next month.
Unclear: After the rain stopped, we saw a rainbow. It was beautiful. Clear: After the rain stopped, we saw a rainbow. The rainbow was beautiful.
Unclear: He read the instructions carefully before assembling the furniture. It was very complicated. Clear: He read the instructions carefully before assembling the furniture. The assembly was very complicated.
Unclear: The lecture lasted for two hours, and students were very attentive. It was interesting. Clear: The lecture lasted for two hours, and students were very attentive. The lecture was interesting.
Unclear: The children played in the park all afternoon. It was very sunny. Clear: The children played in the park all afternoon. The weather was very sunny.
Unclear: The manager reviewed the financial report last night. It was very thorough. Clear: The manager reviewed the financial report last night. The report was very thorough.
Unclear: She read the novel before the meeting. It was fascinating. Clear: She read the novel before the meeting. The novel was fascinating.
Unclear: The gardener watered the plants in the morning. It was very hot outside. Clear: The gardener watered the plants in the morning. The weather was very hot outside.
Unclear: He received the package two days ago. It was damaged. Clear: He received the package two days ago. The package was damaged.
Unclear: The speech ended with a standing ovation. It was moving. Clear: The speech ended with a standing ovation. The speech was moving.
Unclear: After cleaning the house, she found an old photo album. It brought back many memories. Clear: After cleaning the house, she found an old photo album. The album brought back many memories.
Implied Reference
Unclear: He didn't want to go to the party because they would be there. Clear: He didn't want to go to the party because his ex-friends would be there.
Unclear: It was raining, so they had to cancel it. Clear: It was raining, so they had to cancel the picnic.
Unclear: After the meeting, they decided to postpone it. Clear: After the meeting, they decided to postpone the project.
Unclear: The teacher announced that it would be difficult. Clear: The teacher announced that the exam would be difficult.
Unclear: She didn't finish it on time. Clear: She didn't finish the report on time.
Unclear: It was important to discuss. Clear: The budget was important to discuss.
Unclear: He couldn't find it in the store. Clear: He couldn't find the book in the store.
Unclear: They finally agreed on it. Clear: They finally agreed on the terms of the contract.
Unclear: It was harder than expected. Clear: The hike was harder than expected.
Unclear: She decided to write about it. Clear: She decided to write about the environmental issue.
Unclear: They were excited about it. Clear: They were excited about the concert.
Unclear: He managed to solve it. Clear: He managed to solve the math problem.
Unclear: It was a great success. Clear: The event was a great success.
Unclear: They needed to finish it by Friday. Clear: They needed to finish the project by Friday.
Unclear: She didn't know how to approach it. Clear: She didn't know how to approach the situation.
Vague Reference
Unclear: If you keep practicing, it will improve. Clear: If you keep practicing, your technique will improve.
Unclear: She was late because of it. Clear: She was late because of the traffic.
Unclear: They couldn’t understand it. Clear: They couldn’t understand the instructions.
Unclear: It needs to be fixed immediately. Clear: The leak needs to be fixed immediately.
Unclear: He took care of it quickly. Clear: He took care of the problem quickly.
Unclear: We need to talk about it. Clear: We need to talk about the new policy.
Unclear: They were excited about it. Clear: They were excited about the upcoming trip.
Unclear: She couldn't find it anywhere. Clear: She couldn't find her phone anywhere.
Unclear: It was a wonderful experience. Clear: The vacation was a wonderful experience.
Unclear: He didn't like it. Clear: He didn't like the movie.
Unclear: They fixed it yesterday. Clear: They fixed the car yesterday.
Unclear: She remembered it fondly. Clear: She remembered her childhood fondly.
Unclear: He was proud of it. Clear: He was proud of his accomplishment.
Unclear: They celebrated it. Clear: They celebrated their anniversary.
Unclear: It was challenging. Clear: The exam was challenging.
Broad Reference
Unclear: He finally gave up, which was a relief. Clear: He finally gave up, and his resignation was a relief.
Unclear: She couldn't understand the concept, which frustrated her. Clear: She couldn't understand the concept, and this inability frustrated her.
Unclear: He completed the project on time, which surprised everyone. Clear: He completed the project on time, and this achievement surprised everyone.
Unclear: The team won the championship, which made their coach proud. Clear: The team won the championship, and this victory made their coach proud.
Unclear: She graduated with honors, which delighted her parents. Clear: She graduated with honors, and this accomplishment delighted her parents.
Unclear: He apologized for his mistake, which was unexpected. Clear: He apologized for his mistake, and his apology was unexpected.
Unclear: They moved to a new city, which was challenging. Clear: They moved to a new city, and the move was challenging.
Unclear: She started a new job, which was exciting. Clear: She started a new job, and the new opportunity was exciting.
Unclear: He found a solution, which helped the team. Clear: He found a solution, and this breakthrough helped the team.
Unclear: The weather was perfect, which made the trip enjoyable. Clear: The weather was perfect, and the pleasant conditions made the trip enjoyable.
Unclear: She completed the marathon, which impressed her friends. Clear: She completed the marathon, and this feat impressed her friends.
Unclear: They implemented a new system, which improved efficiency. Clear: They implemented a new system, and the change improved efficiency.
Unclear: He donated to charity, which inspired others. Clear: He donated to charity, and his generosity inspired others.
Unclear: She adopted a pet, which brought her joy. Clear: She adopted a pet, and the new companion brought her joy.
Unclear: They renovated the house, which increased its value. Clear: They renovated the house, and the improvements increased its value.
Exercises:
4.1
Identify the type of unclear pronoun reference and correct each sentence for clarity.
Ambiguous Reference
When John saw Bob, he waved.
Lisa gave Anna her book back.
The dog barked at the cat because it was scared.
Remote Reference
The report was submitted after several revisions. It contained many errors.
She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. It was very informative.
The cake was left on the table overnight. It was stale the next morning.
Implied Reference
He didn't want to go to the party because they would be there.
It was raining, so they had to cancel it.
The teacher announced that it would be difficult.
Vague Reference
If you keep practicing, it will improve.
She was late because of it.
They couldn’t understand it.
He fixed it yesterday.
She remembered it fondly.
It was a wonderful experience.
They celebrated it.
It was challenging.
We need to talk about it.
They were excited about it.
He managed to solve it.
They needed to finish it by Friday.
She didn't know how to approach it.
Broad Reference
He finally gave up, which was a relief.
She couldn't understand the concept, which frustrated her.
He completed the project on time, which surprised everyone.
The team won the championship, which made their coach proud.
She graduated with honors, which delighted her parents.
He apologized for his mistake, which was unexpected.
They moved to a new city, which was challenging.
She started a new job, which was exciting.
He found a solution, which helped the team.
The weather was perfect, which made the trip enjoyable.
She completed the marathon, which impressed her friends.
They implemented a new system, which improved efficiency.
He donated to charity, which inspired others.
She adopted a pet, which brought her joy.
They renovated the house, which increased its value.
Mixed Types
Sarah met with Lisa and Jane. She told her she would be late.
The committee submitted the proposal after much deliberation. It was well-received.
The car swerved to avoid the cyclist, who fell off. It was damaged.
Mark and Tom finished the project. He was satisfied with the result.
The athlete trained hard and won the race. It was his best performance.
The artist displayed her paintings. They were praised for their creativity.
The company launched a new product. It quickly became popular.
Emily and Kate prepared for the exam. She was nervous.
The teacher explained the rules to the students. They still found it confusing.
The dog chased the ball into the street. It was dangerous.
The hikers reached the summit. It was an incredible achievement.
John and Mike were talking about the game. He seemed excited.
The software update fixed the bugs. It was a relief.
Answer Key
Ambiguous Reference
When John saw Bob, John waved.
Lisa gave Anna Anna's book back.
The dog barked at the cat because the dog was scared.
Remote Reference
The report, which contained many errors, was submitted after several revisions.
She gave a presentation on climate change, which everyone praised. The presentation was very informative.
The cake was left on the table overnight. The cake was stale the next morning.
Implied Reference
He didn't want to go to the party because his ex-friends would be there.
It was raining, so they had to cancel the picnic.
The teacher announced that the exam would be difficult.
Vague Reference
If you keep practicing, your technique will improve.
She was late because of the traffic.
They couldn’t understand the instructions.
He fixed the car yesterday.
She remembered her childhood fondly.
The vacation was a wonderful experience.
They celebrated their anniversary.
The exam was challenging.
We need to talk about the new policy.
They were excited about the upcoming trip.
He managed to solve the math problem.
They needed to finish the project by Friday.
She didn't know how to approach the situation.
Broad Reference
He finally gave up, and his resignation was a relief.
She couldn't understand the concept, and this inability frustrated her.
He completed the project on time, and this achievement surprised everyone.
The team won the championship, and this victory made their coach proud.
She graduated with honors, and this accomplishment delighted her parents.
He apologized for his mistake, and his apology was unexpected.
They moved to a new city, and the move was challenging.
She started a new job, and the new opportunity was exciting.
He found a solution, and this breakthrough helped the team.
The weather was perfect, and the pleasant conditions made the trip enjoyable.
She completed the marathon, and this feat impressed her friends.
They implemented a new system, and the change improved efficiency.
He donated to charity, and his generosity inspired others.
She adopted a pet, and the new companion brought her joy.
They renovated the house, and the improvements increased its value.
Mixed Types
Sarah met with Lisa and Jane. Sarah told Jane she would be late.
The committee submitted the proposal after much deliberation. The proposal was well-received.
The car swerved to avoid the cyclist, who fell off. The car was damaged.
Mark and Tom finished the project. Mark was satisfied with the result.
The athlete trained hard and won the race. The race was his best performance.
The artist displayed her paintings. The paintings were praised for their creativity.
The company launched a new product. The product quickly became popular.
Emily and Kate prepared for the exam. Emily was nervous.
The teacher explained the rules to the students. The students still found the rules confusing.
The dog chased the ball into the street. The situation was dangerous.
The hikers reached the summit. The hike was an incredible achievement.
John and Mike were talking about the game. Mike seemed excited.
The software update fixed the bugs. The fix was a relief.
Exercise 4.2
Identify the unclear pronoun and correct each sentence for clarity.
When David saw Peter, he smiled.
The cat chased the mouse, and it ran under the couch.
Maria gave Susan her notes after class.
The book was left on the table. It had an intriguing cover.
Jennifer and Carla were walking together when she tripped.
Mark called Alex and told him he needed advice.
The dog barked at the squirrel because it was agitated.
The manager spoke to the employee because he was late.
Lisa and Tina went to the store, and she bought a new dress.
After the presentation, Sarah met her friend, and she was excited.
The cake sat on the counter overnight. It was stale by morning.
The students read the article, and they found it confusing.
Michael saw Jason at the gym, and he started a conversation.
The meeting ended at noon. It was productive.
Tom lent John his jacket because he was cold.
The teacher explained the assignment to the class, but they still found it difficult.
When Emily visited the museum, she enjoyed it.
The dog chased the ball, and it bounced into the street.
The committee reviewed the proposal. It was approved.
Rachel saw the movie, and she thought it was excellent.
John and Paul discussed the plan. He thought it was feasible.
The report was finalized after several revisions. It looked professional.
The car swerved to avoid the cyclist, who fell off. It was damaged.
Sarah and Emma prepared dinner, and she set the table.
The athlete trained hard and won the race. It was his greatest achievement.
The presentation was about climate change, and it was well-received.
After the concert, Emma talked to her friend, and she was enthusiastic.
The storm caused a blackout. It lasted for hours.
The doctor spoke to the patient about her condition, and she seemed worried.
The package arrived late. It was damaged.
The team developed a new strategy. It was effective.
John met Lisa and Karen at the café. He liked talking to her.
The scientist conducted the experiment, and it yielded surprising results.
After the trip, Jane shared her photos, which were amazing.
The software update fixed the bugs. It was a relief.
The baby played with the toy, and it broke.
The professor assigned the homework. It was challenging.
Kevin and Laura discussed the project. He presented his ideas.
The chef prepared the meal, and it was delicious.
The hikers reached the summit. It was a great experience.
The artist displayed her paintings. They were praised for their creativity.
The book was difficult to read because it was poorly written.
The lecture covered complex topics. It was informative.
The repairman fixed the leak, and it stopped.
After the match, Alex congratulated his team, and they were happy.
The concert was a success. It was held in the park.
The teacher handed out the tests. They were difficult.
The new policy was implemented. It caused some confusion.
The movie was long. It was boring.
The students completed the project. It took a lot of time.
Answer Key
When David saw Peter, David smiled.
The cat chased the mouse, and the mouse ran under the couch.
Maria gave Susan Susan's notes after class.
The book was left on the table. The book had an intriguing cover.
Jennifer and Carla were walking together when Carla tripped.
Mark called Alex and told Alex Mark needed advice.
The dog barked at the squirrel because the dog was agitated.
The manager spoke to the employee because the employee was late.
Lisa and Tina went to the store, and Lisa bought a new dress.
After the presentation, Sarah met her friend, and Sarah was excited.
The cake sat on the counter overnight. The cake was stale by morning.
The students read the article, and the students found the article confusing.
Michael saw Jason at the gym, and Michael started a conversation.
The meeting ended at noon. The meeting was productive.
Tom lent John Tom's jacket because John was cold.
The teacher explained the assignment to the class, but the class still found the assignment difficult.
When Emily visited the museum, Emily enjoyed the visit.
The dog chased the ball, and the ball bounced into the street.
The committee reviewed the proposal. The proposal was approved.
Rachel saw the movie, and Rachel thought the movie was excellent.
John and Paul discussed the plan. John thought the plan was feasible.
The report was finalized after several revisions. The report looked professional.
The car swerved to avoid the cyclist, who fell off. The car was damaged.
Sarah and Emma prepared dinner, and Emma set the table.
The athlete trained hard and won the race. Winning the race was his greatest achievement.
The presentation was about climate change, and the presentation was well-received.
After the concert, Emma talked to her friend, and Emma was enthusiastic.
The storm caused a blackout. The blackout lasted for hours.
The doctor spoke to the patient about her condition, and the patient seemed worried.
The package arrived late. The package was damaged.
The team developed a new strategy. The strategy was effective.
John met Lisa and Karen at the café. John liked talking to Lisa.
The scientist conducted the experiment, and the experiment yielded surprising results.
After the trip, Jane shared her photos, which were amazing.
The software update fixed the bugs. The fix was a relief.
The baby played with the toy, and the toy broke.
The professor assigned the homework. The homework was challenging.
Kevin and Laura discussed the project. Kevin presented his ideas.
The chef prepared the meal, and the meal was delicious.
The hikers reached the summit. Reaching the summit was a great experience.
The artist displayed her paintings. The paintings were praised for their creativity.
The book was difficult to read because the book was poorly written.
The lecture covered complex topics. The lecture was informative.
The repairman fixed the leak, and the leak stopped.
After the match, Alex congratulated his team, and the team was happy.
The concert was a success. The concert was held in the park.
The teacher handed out the tests. The tests were difficult.
The new policy was implemented. The policy caused some confusion.
The movie was long. The movie was boring.
The students completed the project. Completing the project took a lot of time.
Exercise 4.3
Identify the unclear pronoun and correct each sentence for clarity.
After Jennifer and Stephanie finished their workout at the gym, she realized she had forgotten her water bottle in the locker room.
When the project was finally completed after months of hard work by the team, it was presented at the conference, which was a significant milestone.
During the heated discussion between Martin and David about the new policy, he kept interrupting him, which made it difficult to reach a consensus.
After the long hike, the group sat around the campfire, sharing stories, and it created a strong bond among them.
The CEO met with the board members to discuss the new strategic plan, and they were very enthusiastic about it.
As the sun set behind the mountains, casting a golden glow over the landscape, it created a perfect moment for photographs.
The teacher distributed the test papers to the students, and they found it challenging to complete within the given time.
When the novel was finally published after years of writing and revising, it received critical acclaim, which was gratifying for the author.
During the annual company retreat, the employees participated in various team-building activities, and it improved their collaboration significantly.
As the software development team worked on the new application, they encountered several bugs, and it delayed the launch.
After watching the documentary on climate change, Sarah decided to make several lifestyle changes to reduce her carbon footprint, which she believed was necessary.
When the engineers tested the prototype, it malfunctioned several times, which led them to reconsider the design.
The committee reviewed the proposed budget for the upcoming fiscal year, and they found it difficult to allocate resources effectively.
When the artist unveiled her new collection at the gallery, it attracted a lot of attention from critics and art lovers alike.
During the meeting with the stakeholders, the project manager explained the challenges they faced, and it helped everyone understand the delays.
After completing the marathon, which was her first, Emma felt a sense of accomplishment that she had never experienced before.
As the construction of the new building progressed, the team encountered unexpected issues, and it required additional funding to resolve them.
When the director announced the new policy changes, it caused a lot of confusion among the employees, and they had many questions.
During the holiday season, the store extended its hours, and it was beneficial for last-minute shoppers.
After the final exam, the students discussed the questions, and they found it difficult to predict their scores.
When the weather forecast predicted a severe storm, it prompted the town officials to issue an evacuation order to ensure everyone's safety.
As the researchers analyzed the data collected from the experiment, they discovered several anomalies, and it required further investigation.
When the orchestra performed the symphony, it received a standing ovation from the audience, which was a testament to their skill.
During the interview, the candidate spoke about her previous job experiences, and it impressed the hiring manager.
After the merger was finalized, the companies faced several integration challenges, and it took months to streamline their operations.
When the school announced the new curriculum changes, it sparked a lot of debate among the parents and teachers.
As the negotiations between the two countries continued, they reached several preliminary agreements, and it was seen as a positive step.
After the renovation of the old house was completed, it looked stunning, and the new owners were thrilled with the result.
During the festival, the city organized various cultural events, and it attracted tourists from all over the world.
When the famous author released her latest novel, it quickly became a bestseller, which delighted her fans.
As the team conducted the final review of the project, they identified several areas for improvement, and it led to a more polished final product.
After the pilot episode of the new TV series aired, it received mixed reviews from the audience and critics.
When the new smartphone model was launched, it sold out within hours, which demonstrated its popularity.
During the debate, the candidates discussed various issues, and it helped the voters understand their positions better.
After the extensive training program, the employees felt more confident in their abilities, and it reflected in their performance.
When the scientist presented her findings at the conference, it sparked a lively discussion among the attendees.
As the charity event concluded, it raised a significant amount of money for the cause, and the organizers were pleased with the outcome.
After the company rolled out the new software update, it improved the system's efficiency, and users reported fewer issues.
When the musicians rehearsed for the concert, they fine-tuned their performance, and it resulted in a flawless show.
During the book club meeting, the members shared their thoughts on the novel, and it led to an engaging conversation.
After the trial, the jury delivered their verdict, and it brought closure to the high-profile case.
When the architect presented the design plans to the client, it exceeded their expectations, which was a relief.
As the film festival showcased various international films, it provided a platform for emerging filmmakers.
After the long-awaited sequel was released, it lived up to the hype, and fans were not disappointed.
When the chef introduced the new menu at the restaurant, it received rave reviews from the customers.
During the election campaign, the candidate promised several reforms, and it resonated with the voters.
After the team won the championship, it boosted their morale, and they celebrated their victory enthusiastically.
When the environmental report was published, it highlighted several critical issues, and it called for immediate action.
As the volunteers worked on the community project, they faced several challenges, and it required creative solutions to overcome them.
After the intense negotiation process, the two companies reached an agreement, and it marked the beginning of a new partnership.
Answer
corrected sentences with the answers in bold:
After Jennifer and Stephanie finished their workout at the gym, Jennifer realized she had forgotten her water bottle in the locker room.
When the project was finally completed after months of hard work by the team, the project was presented at the conference, which was a significant milestone.
During the heated discussion between Martin and David about the new policy, Martin kept interrupting David, which made it difficult to reach a consensus.
After the long hike, the group sat around the campfire, sharing stories, and the experience created a strong bond among them.
The CEO met with the board members to discuss the new strategic plan, and the board members were very enthusiastic about it.
As the sun set behind the mountains, casting a golden glow over the landscape, the scene created a perfect moment for photographs.
The teacher distributed the test papers to the students, and the students found the test challenging to complete within the given time.
When the novel was finally published after years of writing and revising, the novel received critical acclaim, which was gratifying for the author.
During the annual company retreat, the employees participated in various team-building activities, and the activities improved their collaboration significantly.
As the software development team worked on the new application, they encountered several bugs, and the bugs delayed the launch.
After watching the documentary on climate change, Sarah decided to make several lifestyle changes to reduce her carbon footprint, which she believed was necessary.
When the engineers tested the prototype, the prototype malfunctioned several times, which led them to reconsider the design.
The committee reviewed the proposed budget for the upcoming fiscal year, and the committee found it difficult to allocate resources effectively.
When the artist unveiled her new collection at the gallery, the collection attracted a lot of attention from critics and art lovers alike.
During the meeting with the stakeholders, the project manager explained the challenges they faced, and the explanation helped everyone understand the delays.
After completing the marathon, which was her first, Emma felt a sense of accomplishment that she had never experienced before.
As the construction of the new building progressed, the team encountered unexpected issues, and the issues required additional funding to resolve them.
When the director announced the new policy changes, the announcement caused a lot of confusion among the employees, and they had many questions.
During the holiday season, the store extended its hours, and the extended hours were beneficial for last-minute shoppers.
After the final exam, the students discussed the questions, and the students found it difficult to predict their scores.
When the weather forecast predicted a severe storm, the forecast prompted the town officials to issue an evacuation order to ensure everyone's safety.
As the researchers analyzed the data collected from the experiment, they discovered several anomalies, and the anomalies required further investigation.
When the orchestra performed the symphony, the orchestra received a standing ovation from the audience, which was a testament to their skill.
During the interview, the candidate spoke about her previous job experiences, and the experiences impressed the hiring manager.
After the merger was finalized, the companies faced several integration challenges, and the challenges took months to streamline their operations.
When the school announced the new curriculum changes, the announcement sparked a lot of debate among the parents and teachers.
As the negotiations between the two countries continued, they reached several preliminary agreements, and the agreements were seen as a positive step.
After the renovation of the old house was completed, the house looked stunning, and the new owners were thrilled with the result.
During the festival, the city organized various cultural events, and the events attracted tourists from all over the world.
When the famous author released her latest novel, the novel quickly became a bestseller, which delighted her fans.
As the team conducted the final review of the project, they identified several areas for improvement, and the improvements led to a more polished final product.
After the pilot episode of the new TV series aired, the episode received mixed reviews from the audience and critics.
When the new smartphone model was launched, the model sold out within hours, which demonstrated its popularity.
During the debate, the candidates discussed various issues, and the discussion helped the voters understand their positions better.
After the extensive training program, the employees felt more confident in their abilities, and the confidence reflected in their performance.
When the scientist presented her findings at the conference, the presentation sparked a lively discussion among the attendees.
As the charity event concluded, the event raised a significant amount of money for the cause, and the organizers were pleased with the outcome.
After the company rolled out the new software update, the update improved the system's efficiency, and users reported fewer issues.
When the musicians rehearsed for the concert, they fine-tuned their performance, and the rehearsal resulted in a flawless show.
During the book club meeting, the members shared their thoughts on the novel, and the sharing led to an engaging conversation.
After the trial, the jury delivered their verdict, and the verdict brought closure to the high-profile case.
When the architect presented the design plans to the client, the plans exceeded their expectations, which was a relief.
As the film festival showcased various international films, the festival provided a platform for emerging filmmakers.
After the long-awaited sequel was released, the sequel lived up to the hype, and fans were not disappointed.
When the chef introduced the new menu at the restaurant, the menu received rave reviews from the customers.
During the election campaign, the candidate promised several reforms, and the promises resonated with the voters.
After the team won the championship, the victory boosted their morale, and they celebrated their victory enthusiastically.
When the environmental report was published, the report highlighted several critical issues, and it called for immediate action.
As the volunteers worked on the community project, they faced several challenges, and the challenges required creative solutions to overcome them.
After the intense negotiation process, the two companies reached an agreement, and the agreement marked the beginning of a new partnership.
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