The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle said - Multiple Choice & Short Question for HSC English First Paper - English for Today for Class 11 and 12 / Seen Passage for HSC
- Fakhruddin Babar
- Feb 14
- 6 min read
A. Read the following text and answer the questions
The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle said. Humans are by nature social animals.’ What he meant was that human beings, by instinct, seek company of others and establish relationships, much like most animals of the wild, for companionship and for physical and emotional support. Unlike animals, however, human relationships give meaning to their existence and inspire them to do well in education, in workplace or in a profession.
Relationships are of different kinds. Some are familial and intimate, formed by blood and by marriage; some are social like the ones we have with friends and some arc made in schools where we form close bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships can also be fostered in workplaces, which may quickly change from professional to social. There are relationships also between human beings and animals, between children and their toys that they cannot part with.
All these relationships keep us close to each other and provide us all kinds of support, love and affection. A person who has do family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation. There is no one to laugh or cry with him/her. When we share our joy with someone, it simply redoubles, and we when we suffer a loss and someone shares our sorrow, it lessens. Relationships are thus needed for our emotional health.
To build relationships, we need to have trust and respect for each other, and love where this is needed. We cannot be selfish and possessive if we want to establish an effective relationship. But quite often we see people quarrelling and fighting with each other which only brings misery and loss to all.
1. Why is relationship so important?
2. What different types of relationships are there?
3. What happens to a person who has no family?
4. What are some of the preconditions of good relationship?
Why is relationship so important?
Relationships are important because they provide support, love, and affection, preventing loneliness and isolation. They help people share joy and sorrow, which contributes to emotional health and well-being.
What different types of relationships are there?
There are familial and intimate relationships formed by blood and marriage, social relationships like those with friends, relationships formed in schools with classmates and teachers, relationships in workplaces that can become social, and relationships between humans and animals or between children and their toys.
What happens to a person who has no family?
A person without a family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation, as there is no one to share their joys or sorrows with.
What are some of the preconditions of a good relationship?
To build a good relationship, trust, respect, and love are essential. Being unselfish and avoiding possessiveness are also important for establishing effective relationships.
MCQs:
Why did Aristotle say humans are social animals?
a) Because they live in groups
b) Because they seek companionship and support
c) Because they are always happy
d) Because they are physically strong
Answer: b) Because they seek companionship and support
What type of relationships are formed by blood and marriage?
a) Social relationships
b) Familial and intimate relationships
c) Work relationships
d) Relationships with animals
Answer: b) Familial and intimate relationships
Where can relationships quickly change from professional to social?
a) In schools
b) In workplaces
c) In families
d) In parks
Answer: b) In workplaces
What happens when we share our joy with someone?
a) It stays the same
b) It lessens
c) It redoubles
d) It disappears
Answer: c) It redoubles
What is needed to build relationships?
a) Anger and greed
b) Trust, respect, and love
c) Jealousy and selfishness
d) Money and power
Answer: b) Trust, respect, and love
What does a person without a family feel?
a) Happiness
b) Loneliness and isolation
c) Peace
d) Excitement
Answer: b) Loneliness and isolation
What type of relationships are formed with classmates and teachers?
a) Familial relationships
b) Social relationships
c) Professional relationships
d) Emotional relationships
Answer: b) Social relationships
What can relationships between children and their toys not be?
a) Weak
b) Temporary
c) Parted
d) Important
Answer: c) Parted
What does quarreling in relationships lead to?
a) Happiness
b) Success
c) Misery and loss
d) Friendship
Answer: c) Misery and loss
What is the result of selfishness in relationships?
a) Stronger bonds
b) Effective communication
c) Broken relationships
d) Peace and harmony
Answer: c) Broken relationships
Short Answer Questions:
Why are relationships important in life?
Relationships are important because they provide emotional support, love, and affection. They help people cope with challenges and offer companionship, making life more meaningful. Without relationships, people can feel lonely and isolated.
What are the different types of relationships mentioned in the text?
The text mentions familial relationships (formed by blood or marriage), social relationships (such as with friends), relationships in schools (with classmates and teachers), relationships in workplaces, and bonds between humans and animals or objects like toys.
How do relationships affect our emotional health?
Relationships help maintain good emotional health by providing someone to share our joys and sorrows with. When we share happiness, it increases, and when we share sorrow, it becomes less painful. Having supportive relationships prevents loneliness and isolation.
What does Aristotle mean by saying humans are social animals?
Aristotle means that humans have an innate desire to be around others and form connections. Just like animals form groups for survival, humans build relationships to feel supported emotionally and physically.
How do relationships change in workplaces?
In workplaces, relationships often start as professional but can develop into social relationships as colleagues get to know each other better. This change can lead to friendships that extend beyond work.
What happens if someone doesn't have a family?
A person without a family often feels lonely and disconnected. They don’t have anyone to share their happiness or sadness with, which can make life feel empty and difficult.
Why is trust important in relationships?
rust is vital because it creates a safe environment for open communication. Without trust, people may feel unsure and uncomfortable, making it hard to build strong connections with others.
What should we avoid in relationships to make them healthy?
To make relationships healthy, we should avoid being selfish and possessive. These behaviors can lead to conflicts and damage trust, making relationships difficult to maintain.
Why do people sometimes fight in relationships?
People may fight in relationships because of misunderstandings, jealousy, or disagreements. When people don’t communicate well or are too focused on themselves, it can cause arguments that harm the relationship.
How do relationships between children and their toys reflect attachment?
Children often form deep attachments to their toys, sometimes treating them like companions. These relationships provide comfort and security, showing how human beings can develop emotional bonds with objects, much like relationships with other people.
Bangla Translation
বাংলা অনুবাদঃ
বিখ্যাত গ্রীক দার্শনিক অ্যারিস্টটল বলেছিলেন, "মানুষ স্বভাবতই সামাজিক প্রাণী।" তিনি যা বোঝাতে চেয়েছিলেন তা হল, মানুষ সহজাতভাবে অন্যদের সঙ্গ খোঁজে এবং সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করে, অনেকটা বন্য প্রাণীর মতোই, সাহচর্য এবং শারীরিক ও মানসিক সহায়তার জন্য। তবে, প্রাণীদের থেকে ভিন্ন, মানুষের সম্পর্ক তাদের অস্তিত্বকে অর্থপূর্ণ করে এবং শিক্ষা, কর্মক্ষেত্র বা পেশায় ভালো করার জন্য অনুপ্রাণিত করে।
সম্পর্কগুলি বিভিন্ন ধরণের। কিছু পারিবারিক এবং ঘনিষ্ঠ, রক্ত এবং বিবাহের মাধ্যমে তৈরি হয়; কিছু সামাজিক, যেমন আমাদের বন্ধুদের সাথে থাকে এবং কিছু স্কুলে তৈরি হয় যেখানে আমরা সহপাঠী এবং শিক্ষকদের সাথে ঘনিষ্ঠ বন্ধন তৈরি করি। কর্মক্ষেত্রেও সম্পর্ক গড়ে তোলা যেতে পারে, যা দ্রুত পেশাদার থেকে সামাজিক হয়ে উঠতে পারে। মানুষ এবং প্রাণীদের মধ্যে, শিশুদের এবং তাদের খেলনাগুলির মধ্যেও এমন সম্পর্ক রয়েছে যা তারা আলাদা করতে পারে না।
এই সমস্ত সম্পর্ক আমাদের একে অপরের কাছাকাছি রাখে এবং আমাদের সকল ধরণের সহায়তা, ভালবাসা এবং স্নেহ প্রদান করে। যার পরিবার আছে সে একাকীত্ব এবং বিচ্ছিন্নতার যন্ত্রণা অনুভব করে। তার সাথে হাসতে বা কাঁদতে কেউ নেই। যখন আমরা কারো সাথে আমাদের আনন্দ ভাগাভাগি করি, তখন তা দ্বিগুণ হয়ে যায়, আর যখন আমরা ক্ষতির সম্মুখীন হই এবং কেউ আমাদের দুঃখ ভাগাভাগি করে নেয়, তখন তা কমে যায়। তাই আমাদের মানসিক স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য সম্পর্ক প্রয়োজন।
সম্পর্ক গড়ে তোলার জন্য, আমাদের একে অপরের প্রতি বিশ্বাস এবং শ্রদ্ধা থাকা প্রয়োজন, এবং যেখানে এটি প্রয়োজন সেখানে ভালোবাসা থাকা প্রয়োজন। আমরা যদি একটি কার্যকর সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করতে চাই তবে আমরা স্বার্থপর এবং অধিকারী হতে পারি না। কিন্তু প্রায়শই আমরা দেখি যে মানুষ একে অপরের সাথে ঝগড়া করছে এবং লড়াই করছে যা সকলের জন্য কেবল দুঃখ এবং ক্ষতি বয়ে আনে।
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vocabulary words from the text with their meanings in Bangla:
Philosopher – দার্শনিক
Instinct – প্রবৃত্তি
Companionship – সঙ্গ
Emotional – অনুভূতিগত
Support – সহায়তা
Unlike – বিপরীত
Existence – অস্তিত্ব
Inspire – অনুপ্রাণিত করা
Education – শিক্ষা
Workplace – কর্মক্ষেত্র
Profession – পেশা
Familial – পারিবারিক
Intimate – ঘনিষ্ঠ
Social – সামাজিক
Friend – বন্ধু
School – স্কুল
Classmates – সহপাঠী
Teacher – শিক্ষক
Fostered – লালিত
Workplaces – কর্মস্থল
Professional – পেশাদার
Quickly – দ্রুত
Human beings – মানবজাতি
Animals – পশু
Toys – খেলনা
Isolation – একাকিত্ব
Loneliness – একাকীত্ব
Laugh – হাসা
Cry – কাঁদা
Joy – আনন্দ
Redoubles – দ্বিগুণ হয়
Sorrow – শোক
Lessens – কমানো
Health – স্বাস্থ্য
Trust – বিশ্বাস
Respect – শ্রদ্ধা
Selfish – স্বার্থপর
Possessive – অধিকারী
Quarrelling – ঝগড়া করা
Misery – দুঃখ
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Passage-2
Passage-3
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