HSC English 2nd Paper Board Questions Reduced English Syllabus 2022 Suggestion and Practice Sheet Theme/Summary Writing Synonyms and Antonyms HSC English 2nd Exam Strategies HSC 2025 FULL SYLLABUS CLICK ON THE LINK https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1QFiRZR2DBEYeFSvg3LwFNM0-1ZBEHGE_?usp=share_link HSC English 2nd Paper Q. No-1 ARTICLE Q. No-2 PREPOSTION Q. No-3 WITH CLUES (SPECIAL USE OF WORDS) Q. No-4 SENTENCE COMPLETION Q. No-5 RIGHT FORMS OF VERB Q. No-6 TRANSFORMATION Q. No-7 NARRATION Q. No-8 PRONOUN Q. No-9 MODIFIER Q. No-10 CONNECTOR Q. No-11 SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS Q. No-12 PUNCTUATION Q. No-13 APPLICATION Q. No-14 REPORT Q. No-15 PARAGRAPH Q. No-16 COMPOSITION Writing Skills for Examination Pargraph Writing Paragraph Collections Application Letter Writing Story Writing Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Dialogue Writing Essay/Composition Writing Essay/Composition Collections E-mail CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Important Applications for Exam Important Letters for Exam Important Stories for Exam Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Important Dialogues for Exam Important Compositions for Exam Writing Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

Spoken English Spoken English Spoken English Hesitation Fillers Phrase and Idioms

SSC ENGLISH 1ST PAPER Board Questions Suggestion and Practice Exam Strategies SSC English 1st Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 1st Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 1st Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 1st Paper Suggestion for 2025 Key SSC English 1st Paper Suggestion for 2025 Key SSC English 1st Paper Suggestion for 2025 Key English 1st Paper Q. No-1A MULTIIPLE CHOICE QUESTION Q. No-2 SHORT ANSWER Q. No-3 WITHOUT CLUES Q. No-4 INFORMATION TRANSFER Q. No-5 SUMMARY WRITING Q. No-6 TABLE Q. No-7 REARRANGING Q. No-8 PARGRAPH Q. No-9 COMPLEING STORY Q. No-10 GRAPH,CHART Q. No-11 EMAIL Q. No-12 DIALOGUE Writing Skills for Examination Pargraph Writing Paragraph Collections Application Letter Writing Story Writing Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Dialogue Writing Essay/Composition Writing Essay/Composition Collections E-mail CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Important Applications for Exam Important Letters for Exam Important Stories for Exam Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Important Dialogues for Exam Important Compositions for Exam Writing Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

SSC English 2nd Paper Board Questions Suggestion and Practice Exam Strategies SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 Key SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 Key SSC English 2nd Paper Most Important Suggestion for 2025 Key English 2nd Paper Q. No-1 WITH CLUES ARTICLE, PREPOSTION & PARTS OF SPEECH Q. No-2 WITHOUT ARTICLE, PREPOSTION & PARTS OF SPEECH Q. No-3 TABLE Q. No-4 RIGHT FORMS OF VERB Q. No-5 NARRATION Q. No-6 TRANSFORMATION Q. No-7 SENTENCE COMPLETION Q. No-8 PREFIX AND SUFFIX Q. No-9 TAG QUESTION Q. No-10 CONNECTOR Q. No-11 PUNCTUATION Q. No-12 CV WITH COVER LETTER Q. No-13 APLLICATION Q. No-14 PARAGRAPH Q. No-15 COMPOSITION Writing Skills for Examination Pargraph Writing Paragraph Collections Application Letter Writing Story Writing Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Dialogue Writing Essay/Composition Writing Essay/Composition Collections E-mail CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Important Applications for Exam Important Letters for Exam Important Stories for Exam Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Important Dialogues for Exam Important Compositions for Exam Writing Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

ALL THE INFO What You Need to Know I believe you must bring your whole self to the table if you want to thrive in today’s crazy world; your personality, your sense of humor, and most importantly, your heart. All of these elements brought me to start babarenglish. Ever since I launched this project, the blog has been thriving and has quickly gained a loyal following. To see what I’ve been up to, browse my site, learn about my passions, and explore what excites and interests you as well. About the teacher My name is Fakhruddin Babar, and I am an Assistant Professor specializing in English. For the past twenty years, I have dedicated myself to teaching English as a second language. My academic journey began at Chittagong University, Bangladesh where I earned a Master's degree in English Language and Literature in 2009. Following this, I pursued further studies in London for two years, enhancing my expertise in English. My teaching career spans various educational levels, including schools, colleges, and universities. To solidify my proficiency as an English instructor, I completed the CELTA course from Cambridge University, a globally recognized qualification for teaching English. Beyond teaching, I hold a Post Graduate Diploma in Management Studies and engage in small-scale business activities. This business diploma has proven invaluable, particularly in teaching Business English courses, as it equips me with the relevant knowledge to address specific industry needs. I am passionate about continually improving my English skills. I enjoy watching English movies and TV series, exploring presentations on Ted.com, and reading English books. Occasionally, I organize English club meetings with friends, providing an opportunity for us to converse and enhance our language skills in a social setting. With extensive experience in preparing students for the IELTS examination, I have attended seminars conducted by Andrew Thomas, an IELTS Principal Examiner. These seminars focused on maximizing IELTS scores through a detailed analysis of test tasks and assessment criteria, and on bridging the gap between test preparation and language skill development. The primary joy in my profession comes from the deep satisfaction of helping others achieve their dreams. Many of my students have gained admission to foreign universities, often securing scholarships. Others have successfully passed interviews for international companies after completing Business English training, and many have achieved their target band scores in the IELTS exam. Teaching, for me, is not just a job but a profound calling. It allows me to impact lives positively by helping individuals reach their personal and professional goals. This commitment to education and continuous improvement drives my passion for teaching English and ensures that I stay updated with the latest methodologies and resources in the field. Whether in the classroom, through business language courses, or in preparation for exams like IELTS, my goal is to provide my students with the tools they need to succeed in an increasingly globalized world. Degree BA (Honours) in English Language and Literature MA in English Language and Literature Certificates CELTA ( Cambridge University) Master Teachers' Training Success stories I have taught hundreds of students for last more than one decade and amazingly most of the students achieved their desired score while some of them even scored 8.5 in IELTS examination. For any suggestion, comment, complaint or recommendation please feel free to let me know at-babarfeni@yahoo.com

English for University Admission Test

DUOLINGO Idea Builders writing Vocabulary Grammar Synonyms & Phraphrasing What exactly is the Duolingo English Test? The Duolingo English Test is a computer-based online exam that is an English proficiency assessment designed for international institutions and students. Access to the test is available online, and there is no need to travel to any test center, as the exam can be taken from the comfort of one's own home using a computer and a webcam. The test is conducted to check the candidate's ability in all four language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking, similar to the traditional study abroad exams such as IELTS , TOEFL , and PTE . In this article, we will discuss everything there is to know about the test, from the Duolingo English test pattern to its important dates, which will assist you in preparing better for the test. The test is administered via a computer-adaptive technology, which means that the difficulty level of the questions increases with every correct answer and decreases if the answer is incorrect. When the results are submitted, the test takers are also asked to go through a video interview and record their responses to open-ended questions and a writing sample, which will be sent to an institution along with the test taker's proficiency score. The test can be taken from home, and there is no need for a prior appointment. The Duolingo test pattern is such that the entire test lasts less than an hour, and the results are announced within 48 hours, which can be shared with several institutions. Duolingo Test Pattern The Duolingo English test pattern is planned and designed using Data Forensics and Artificial Intelligence technology to maintain the clarity of the test. The test lasts for one hour and is administered online in one go. The questions are written in such a manner that they assess the test taker's analytical thinking and versatility. The Duolingo English test pattern is divided into two sections: adaptive testing and video interviews, and is conducted all at once within 60-minute. The first 5 minutes of the test are an introductory section that gives the test takers a quick walkthrough of the Duolingo English test setup. All the rules and requirements of the test are explained. The time duration of the Adaptive test is 45 minutes and the remaining 10 minutes is for the video interview. Let us look at the sections of the Duolingo exam pattern. Duolingo English Adaptive Test This section examines the candidates' reading, speaking, writing, and listening abilities. It is a 45-minute graded section of the Duolingo English test. This section contains all question types, which appear at random throughout the test. The Duolingo Adaptive test scores will be assigned separately by the test provider. The test taker must adhere to the rules and regulations of the Duolingo adaptive test or risk being disqualified. Duolingo Video Interview Test The second section of the test is the video interview. It is a 10-minute test in which the test taker must record their responses to open-ended questions. The test taker may be asked to talk about any given situation or to describe an image, or he or she may be given the option of selecting a topic and speaking for a few minutes. Candidates should be well prepared to answer a variety of questions. Additionally, test takers should keep the following tips in mind while recording the video. Frequently Asked Questions Is Duolingo English Test hard? The Duolingo English Test’s difficulty is decided by the adaptive technology. The system learns your level and offers a greater challenge to match your ability. If you do your research and practice, you should not find it hard. Is Duolingo English Test harder than IELTS? There is no reason why the Duolingo English Test should be considered harder than IELTS. The adaptive nature means that you can face more difficult questions if you're able to. If you have studied you should be able to perform well enough to get the score you deserve. What is the pass mark for Duolingo English Test? There isn’t a specific pass mark for the Duolingo English Test. Institutions vary in what score they require you to get to be able to be accepted on their courses. However, a score of over 120 out of 160 would generally be considered to be a good score. This places you in the Upper-Intermediate or Advanced levels of scoring.

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How to write better English Writing assessment criteria Your Writing is basically assessed based on four criteria: Task Achievement (TA) = how well you answer the question. ... Coherence and Cohesion (CC) = how well is your text structured. ... Lexical Resource (LR) = how good is your vocabulary. ... Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA) = how good is your grammar. Task Response In this criterion, the type of response that you write for the essay type question is determined. It assesses the main idea of your essay and the way you develop it with relative examples. To score better: pay attention to ALL issues in the essay question write about the issues rather than just the general topic answer the essay question with relevant main points plan your supporting points so they don’t go off the topic write required number of words Coherence & Cohesion This writing criterion determines the proper use of linking words, paragraphing skills and use of cohesive devices (for example, connectors, conjunctions) is determined. Also, the number of paragraphs is taken into consideration. Dividing your essay into more or fewer paragraphs might lower your score. To score better: have either four or five paragraphs but not more and not less this means you should have two or three body paragraphs only have just one central topic in each body paragraph organise your ideas logically use a range of linking words avoid errors in linking words Lexical Resource Under this criterion, the use of a sufficient range of vocabulary, proper spellings, correct implementation of collocations, and word formation are taken care of while scoring. You must avoid using wrong words and informal language. To score better: pay attention to collocations paraphrase carefully to avoid errors use a range of words appropriate for the topic spell words correctly avoid making errors avoid using informal language Grammatical Range & Accuracy To score this criterion, things taken into consideration include sentence structures, proper use of tenses, putting right punctuations, use of simple as well as complex statements with clear ideas, and control over Grammar. To score better: use a wide range of grammatical structures pay attention to word order in your sentences use a range of sentence structures use the correct punctuation avoid errors in grammar Key tools to Bring Variety to Your Writing Pre-test on writing tools Pre-test on Writing Tools Answers Opening Adjective Delayed Adjective Opening Adverb Delayed Adverb Absolute Phrase Appositive Phrase Prepositional Phrase Participial Phrase Gerund Phrase Infinitive Phrase Clause Types (Independent, Dependent) Noun Clause Adjective Clause Adverb Clause Subject-Verb Split Mix Opener Mix Closer Mix Examples of Single tools Examples Multiplying the Tools Other Mix Comma Semicolon Colon Dash Review: Colon, Semicolon, Dash Conjunctions to start sentences Inversion Relatives Conditionals Parallel structure The Passive Impersonal Structure Using Models Some points to bring variety in sentence Simple with complex grammar Different sentence length combining Larger and shorter sentences Cleft Sentences Find out which writing tools (above mentioned) are used in the following sentences: 1. Fudge, a portly little man in a long, pinstriped cloak, looked cold and exhausted. 2. At daybreak on a fine summer’s morning, when the Riddle House had still been well kept and impressive, a maid had entered the drawing room to find all three Riddles dead. 3. The first thing they saw was Peeves the Poltergeist, who was floating upside down in mid air and stuffing the nearest keyhole with chewing gum. 4. Hating himself, repulsed by what he was doing, Harry forced the goblet back toward Dumbledore’s mouth and tipped it for Dumbledore to drink the remainder of the horrible potion inside. 5. To make Dudley feel better about eating “rabbit food,” Aunt Petunia had insisted that the whole family follow the same diet, too. 6. Slowly, very slowly, the snake raised its head until its eyes were on a level with Harry’s. 7. He raised the wand above his head and brought it swishing down through the dusty air as a stream of red and gold sparks shot from the end like a firework, throwing dancing spots of light onto the walls. 8. Harry knew that Dumbledore was going to refuse, that he would tell Riddle there would be plenty of time for practical demonstrations at Hogwarts, and that they were currently in a building full of Muggles and must therefore be cautious. 9. The gigantic snake was nearing Frank, and then, incredibly, miraculously, it passed him, following the spitting, hissing noises made by the cold voice beyond the door. 10. Furious, Harry threw his ingredients and his bag into his cauldron and dragged it up to the front of the dungeon to the empty table. 11. Soon, the crowd of gnomes in the field started walking away in a staggering line, their little shoulders hunched. 12. He raised the wand above his head and brought it swishing down through the dusty air as a stream of red and gold sparks shot from the end like a firework, throwing dancing spots of light onto the walls. 13. Conjuring up portable, waterproof fires was a specialty of Hermione’s. 14. Harry was on his feet again, furious, ready to fly at Dumbledore, who had plainly not understood Sirius at all. 15. Soon, the crowd of gnomes in the field started walking away in a staggering line, their little shoulders hunched. 16. Soon, the crowd of gnomes in the field started walking away in a staggering line, their little shoulders hunched, their steps unsteady from too many sips of elderberry wine. 17. Soon, the crowd of gnomes in the field started walking away in a stag- gering line, their little shoulders hunched. 18. Soon, after the revelry to celebrate the coming of the solstice and its magical light ended, the crowd of gnomes in the field started walking away in a staggering line, their little shoulders hunched. Writing Tools Answers appositive phrase prepositional phrase adjective clause participial phrase infinitive phrase opening adverb adverb clause noun clause delayed adverb opening adjective absolute phrase independent clause gerund phrase delayed adjective one absolute phrase multiple absolute phrases one absolute phrase, closer position one absolute phrase, closer position, plus an added adverb clause, opener position. Variety of Sentence Stucture Sentence Openers Some Samples of Writing Transformation Question These days, it seems that an increasing number of people are leaving rural areas to live in the city. Discuss some of the effects of rural depopulation (migration from the country to the city ) and suggest some ways on which this trend could be reversed. Model answer for achieving around 50% marks Rural depopulation is a very important issue in many parts of the world today. In this essay, I will discuss some of the main effects of this problem and also offer some possible solutions to it. Firstly, it is clear that migration away from the country negatively affects life in the city. Serious environmental and social problems often occur when cities become overcrowded. Problems such as air, water and noise pollution are increasing common in urban areas around the world because there are simply too many people living there. Pollution can make city life very uncomfortable indeed and can even cause illness. Beijing is a very good example of this. Overcrowding in cities can also lead high unemployment (especially in poorer parts of the world) and crime. In order to prevent people from moving away from the country and reduce the size of cities, I feel we make country life more attractive. In my view, the best way of doing this would be to improve services in the country. One of the main reasons that so many people have left the country is that facilities like shopping centres, cinemas, swimming pools, restaurants, libraries, schools and hospitals are generally batter in the city. If such facilities were available in the country, more people would choose to live there. Another effective solution would be for the government to subsidies businesses and workers who move the country. In conclusion, I believe we must all recognise how serious this problem is. For the sake of the environment and our own quality of life it is vital that we preserve rural communities. Model answer for achieving 80% marks While country towns were once vibrant and growing places, these days many appear to be dying as people move to the city in search of work and excitement. In this essay, I intend to discuss the impact of this problem as well as how more people could be encouraged to live in the rural areas. Surprisingly, the most serious consequences of rural depopulation are often felt in urban areas. As a result of overcrowding, cities throughout the word today are increasing prone to environment problems like air, water and noise pollution. Beijing is a particularly good example of this. Further, the uncontrolled growth of cities also gives rise to social problems such as high unemployment, crime and in less affluent countries, the creation of slums. Clearly, there is a limit to how many people can live in one area before living standards are negatively influenced. In order to stem the tide of rural depopulation, I believe we must first address its root causes. At the heart of the matter is the disparity between services and facilities in the country and those in the city. I firmly believe that urban and rural dwellers alike would find the idea of country life far more appealing if high quality shopping centres, cinemas, swimming pools, restaurants, libraries, schools and hospitals were more readily available in the country. One further method of attracting people to the country would be for government to provide financial incentives to business and professional workers who willingly relocate to rural areas. In reality, this problem is unlikely to be resolved in the short term. However, it is by no means insurmountable, and I am convinced that more people will choose the country as city life becomes less comfortable and more expensive. Story Writing The Mouse and the New Cat Basic English A mouse lives under the floorboards of an old house. A family moves in. The Mouse is upset to find the family owns a Cat. The Mouse considers moving to a new place. As he does so, the Cat starts speaking to him. The Cat tells the Mouse that he has no interest in him. He says that his owners feed him very well. Catching the Mouse is too much trouble. If the Mouse stays out of trouble, there will be no problems. The Mouse replies very politely. But because he is cautious, the Mouse sneaks under the floorboards and spies on the Cat. He sees the Cat sharpening his claws. The Cat has a deadly look in his eyes. When the Mouse sees this, he packs up his things to leave. The Mouse tells himself that the Cat may say anything, but this sight says a whole lot more. Intermediate English The Mouse and the New Cat There was a mouse who lived under the floorboards of an old house. When a family moved in, the mouse was concerned to learn they owned a Cat. He was considering moving to a new place, when the Cat appeared near his mousehole and started speaking to him. The Cat told the Mouse that he had no interest in trying to catch him. His owners fed him well enough, and he was too old to be chasing a mouse around. If the Mouse would just stay out of trouble, the Cat explained, they would have no problems. The Mouse politely thanked the Cat for his kind words. But because he was cautious, the Mouse snuck under the floorboards in the kitchen to spy on the Cat a little. While he was there, he saw the Cat sharpening his claws with a deadly look in his eyes. As soon as he saw this, the Mouse started packing his things. The Cat might say anything, the Mouse told himself, but what he just saw said a whole lot more. Advanced English The Mouse and the New Cat There once was a Mouse living under the floorboards of an old house. A family moved in, and the Mouse was chagrined to discover they had a Cat with them. The Mouse was mulling over the idea of moving to a new place when the Cat poked his head near the mousehole and started speaking to him. “I can smell you in there, little mouse,” the Cat told him, “and let me assure you I have no interest in you at all. I’m getting on in years, and my owners feed me so well that catching you would be more trouble than you’re worth. Just keep yourself out of the way down there and we’ll get along famously.” “Very well,” the Mouse replied courteously. But the Mouse was a cautious fellow, and he snuck under one of the floorboards in the kitchen where he could spy on the Cat through a little hole that he had made. Sure enough, he found the Cat carefully sharpening his claws with a murderous glint in his eyes. As soon as the Mouse saw this, he started packing his things to leave. “Let him say what he will,” the Mouse said to himself, “but what I just saw said a whole lot more!” Moral: Actions speak louder than words. The Two Hunters Basic English Two hunters are out looking for quail one day. One of them finds one and chases after it. It flies into a thick bush near a pond. He finds a second quail, but it also flies into the bush. He sits by the bush and waits. Sooner or later the birds have to leave their hiding place. An hour later, his friend comes by and finds him waiting there. The friend has a caught bird and shows it to him. The first hunter says he has two birds. He points to the bush and explains he will get the birds when they try to fly out. The friend offers to take a look in the bush. When they do, they do not find any birds. Instead, there is only a space where the two birds used to be. Intermediate English Two hunters were out looking for quail one day. The first hunter found one and chased after it, but it flew into a thick bush by a pond. Then he found a second quail, but it also flew into the bush. He sat by the bush and waited for a while. He thought to himself that sooner or later the birds would leave their hiding place and he could catch them. An hour or so later, the hunter’s friend came by and found him waiting. The friend showed the quail he’d caught and asked how the first hunter was doing. The first hunter said he’d caught two birds. He pointed to the bush and explained how he would catch them when they tried to fly out. The friend suggested they take a look inside to see whether the two birds were still in the bush. But when they did, they found no birds. They only found the place where the birds had hopped through the bush and flown off. Advanced English Two hunters were out trying to bag quail one day. The first hunter found one and chased after it, only to have it fly into a thick bush by a pond. Soon afterward he found a second quail, but it too fled into the bush. He sat by the bush for a while thinking that sooner or later the birds would have to leave, and he’d get them when they did. An hour or so later, the hunter’s friend came by and found him still waiting there for the birds. “I’ve bagged a good one,” the friend said, holding up a plump quail he’d caught, “How about you?” “I’ve got two,” the first hunter said. “Where?” his friend asked, looking around. “Right over there in that bush. I drove them in there a couple hours ago, and it’s just a matter of time before I get them both when they try to get away.” “Oh, you think you’ve got them both, do you?” the friend taunted him. “Let’s take a look.” When they checked the bush, however, they found nothing but a little space in the back where the two quails had long since hopped through the bush and flown away. Moral: A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.

Dialogue Writing A Dialogue literally means "talk between two people". Dialogue-writing should introduce students to the colloquial way of talking English, and train him to express his thoughts in easy and natural constructions. The spoken English of the Bangladeshi school-boy is too often rather stilted and bookish, owing to the fact that he has not much chance of talking with English people; and anything that will help him to acquire naturalness and ease in speaking in English is of value. Points to remember To write a dialogue successfully, calls for a little dramatic power; for the writer has not only to see both sides of a question, but has also to put himself, so to speak, inside two imaginary persons so as to make them express their opposite opinions naturally and in keeping with their characters. He has in turn to be each one, and see the point of view of each on the question. A written dialogue should be so composed that it appears to be spontaneous or impromptu. The reader of it should not feel that it is premeditated, stilted and dull. At the same time, careful preparation is necessary for writing a dialogue, though this must not appear. The writer must have the art to conceal his art. It is always advisable to make a plan or outline of the dialogue before beginning to write; otherwise, the dialogue may be rambling and pointless. How to Write Dialogue 1. Carefully think over the subject given, and jot down briefly the arguments or opinions about it which might reasonably be expressed by the imaginary persons who are supposed to be talking. 2. Arrange these ideas in some logical order, so that one will arise naturally from another in the course of the conversation. (It is well to write down these points in the form of an outline, or numbered heads, as a guide to follow in writing the dialogue.) 3. Try to imagine what would be the way in which each character in the dialogue would express his views. To do this, you must have in your mind a clear idea of the imaginary persons taking part in the conversation, so as to make them speak in character. 4. Keep in mind that your dialogue, when completed, should read like a real, spontaneous conversation. So try to make your imaginary characters talk in an easy, familiar and natural manner. Avoid stilted and bookish phrases. Try to remember how real people talk in friendly conversation, and reproduce that conversational style as well as you can. Things to be Careful about (a) Don't let any of your characters monopolize the conversation, as if he were giving a public lecture. Give all a chance, and keep the ball rolling. Let the conversation be brisk and rapid. (b) In real conversation, one person sometimes interrupts the other, or breaks in on what he is saying. A sparing use of such interruptions in written dialogue is quite permissible, and adds to its naturalness. For example :- A -- "I am perfectly certain he would never do such thing. Why, only the other day he told me --" B -- "I don't care what he told you ! I know for a fact that he did it." (c) In real conversation, a speaker often answers a question by asking another; or sometimes, seeing what is coming, he answers a question before it is asked. You may enliven your dialogue by making your characters do the same now and then. For example :- (i) A -- "What will you do if he does not answer your letter?" B -- "Well, what would you do?" (ii) D -- "I heard something about you the other day, John." J -- "I know ! You are going to ask me why I was absent from office last Monday. We]], I will tell you--etc." (d) In real conversation, people often use exclamations, surprise (e.g., "My word !" "Good heavens !" "You don't say so !" "Well" etc.); irritation (e.g., "Bother V "O dear !" "Confound it'."); pleasure ("How nice !" "Splendid !")-and so on. Such interjections may be introduced from time to time, sparingly; but the use of them should not be overdone. (Note.-Slang and profane words should be avoided). 2. The dialogue should begin in an interesting way, so that the reader's attention may be arrested from the very first. And the conversation should lead up to some definite conclusion. It should not end abruptly and in the air, so to speak. Special attention should be paid to the opening sentences and the conclusion. © Copyright Dialogue Collection A dialogue between two friends about merits and demerits of mobile phone Shafiq: You seem very glad today. What’s the reason? Rafiq: Actually my father bought me a new mobile phone yesterday. Here it is. Shafiq: Nice, very nice. What do you think about mobile phone? Rafiq: Mobile phone is a very essential device. It has made our communication easy. It adds speed in our life. We can take photo; video and we can enjoy music from a mobile. Shafiq: Recently introduced android and windows phone work like computers. Rafiq: Yes. By using it, we can send e-mail and make video call. It has made our life easy and comfortable. Shafiq: Right. It has reduced uncertainly doubt, anxious waiting and painful suspense. In fact, it has made our life easy and comfortable. Rafiq: I can’t do without it for a single day Shafiq: Yes, you’re right. But there’re some demerits of mobile. Rafiq: What are you talking about? Shafiq: Now a day mobile has become an easy way of teasing girl. Some people commit crime using mobile. Rafiq: Not these are only. Much use of mobile is harmful for health. It harms our hearing power, causes brain tumor, genetic damage and many other incurable diseases. Shafiq: During conversation, the blood brain barrier may get damaged, the blood pressure may get high and the red blood cells may get affected. Rafiq: Even some students cannot concentrate in study because they talk over mobile the whole night. Shafiq: Besides, it causes a lot of harm to the teenagers. They can easily contact with their so called lovers in season and out of season. Rafiq: This point is also correct. Because the operators provide facilities at night. Shafiq: But it is not the fault of mobile. It is our fault. Rafiq: Of course. Though we are getting immense benefits from it, we should use it with care and caution to avoid its demerits. Shafiq: I’ve to go now. It’s time for my private tutor. Rafiq: Ok. See you later. Bye. Shafiq: Bye. A dialogue about how to learn English well. Amin : Hi Shakib! What’s the matter? You look so exhausted. Shakib : Oh, I’m worried about English. You know it’s a foreign language. How can I learn it well? Amin : I see. I’d also the same problem. But our English teacher told me about some ways to learn English. Shakib : What’s that? Tell me, please. Amin : English is a skill based subject. You should develop the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Shakib : But how? Amin: You should read English books and newspapers, you should watch English movie and news on TV and the radio and above all, you should write your thought in English. Shakib: Has there any fixed skill to develop English? What is most essential for me now? Amin: It is practice and practice. You should talk to your friends in English. Shakib: But I don’t feel comfort in practice. Amin: Remember, you need to enrich your stock of words and their correct use and spelling. Shakib: Do I need to learn Grammar? Amin: Sure, you’ve to learn word, number, gender, sentence, tense, sentence patterns and others. Shakib: Why do we need to read grammar? Amin: This is because grammar teaches us the rules of a language. Shakib: But what about pronunciation? Amin: You can watch BBC, CNN, National Geographic Channel or English news on television to develop your pronunciation skill. Shakib: What should be the best process of writing skills? Amin: You should write on various topics and produce your own thematic writing. Write new words repeatedly in framing sentences. Shakib: It’s an excellent idea. Thank you very much for your wise suggestions. Amin: You’re most welcome. See you again. A dialogue between two friends about an exciting cricket match Rana: Hello Rani! How are you? Rani: I’m fine and what about you? Rana: I’m also quite fine. Did you enjoy the cricket match yesterday between Bangladesh and India? Rani: Certainly. It’s the first time that Bangladesh defeated India in a befitting manner. I’m lucky that I enjoyed the match live. Rana: What’s your impression about the match? Rani: I was deeply impressed by the performance of Bangladeshi players particularly Sakib Al Hasan and Tamim Iqbal. Rana: Actually it was a great surprize that we successfully beat the Ex-World Champion. Rani: India is undoubtedly better in the three sides- bowling, batting and fielding than ours. And it’s interesting that we could dominate them in the three sides. Rana: It’s true that the performance showed by the Bangladeshi players was awesome in a word. They played like a top class team. Rani: In fact, India failed to get high score and it was a very easy target for our team. Rana: But our team is so unpredictable that we couldn’t be surprized if they couldn’t have achieved that. Rani: It’s a great achievement for our country. Let’s hope they keep playing like this in future too. Rana: I think Bangladesh will shine in next matches and will bring name and fame for the country. Rani: Of course. Our hope is not unreasonable. Rana: Yes, indeed. Thank you very much and let’s wait for the next match. Rani: You’re most welcome. Rana: Now I’m going to my house. Goodbye. Rani: Goodbye. Thank you. A dialogue about the problem of load-shedding Sumi: Why do you look drowsy? Rumi: I couldn’t sleep well last night. Sumi: In fact, we’re facing the same problem—that’s load shedding. There was no electricity in our locality last night. Rumi: The insufficient production of electricity, misuse and illegal connection of electricity are the main reasons of it. Sumi: Yes, we’ve no option but to live with pitch-black darkness and sweltering heat. Rumi: Exactly! But can you imagine what type of problem it creates to a student whose exam is knocking at the door and the patients who are under the knife of a surgeon? Sumi: The terrible sufferings caused to the examinees and patients cannot be described in words at this moment. Rumi: Last night I couldn’t read at all. You know tomorrow is my English exam. Sumi: Besides, the foods we preserve in refrigerators turn rotten and become unfit for consumption. Housewives are suffering much. Rumi: But the more deplorable damage occurs in refrigerators in laboratories and cold storage. It causes a heavy economic loss. Sumi: The running productive machines come to a standstill in mills and factories. A tremendous loss of production! Rumi: Problems are everywhere. What is the solution? Sumi: The government should take necessary measures on emergency basis to ensure adequate production of electricity to remove the curse of load shedding. Rumi: I think that more power plants should be set up and system loss should be reduced. Sumi: Not only that, illegal connections should be banned. I think that consciousness can play a vital role in this regard. Rumi: The wastage of electricity should be stopped and strict laws should be introduced. Sumi: Electricity being the driving force of a country, it should be ensured at any cost. Rumi: Lack of electricity means lack of production and hampering the study of the students is very harmful for a country. Sumi: Thanks for sharing your valuable ideas. Rumi: You’re most welcome. See you again. A dialogue about the bad effect of smoking Rana: What about you? You aren’t going to school for a few days. Rumi: Just wait. Let me buy a cigarette from that shop. Rana: What! Cigarette! Oh, yes. I’ve heard you have become a chain smoker nowadays. Rumi: Actually I smoke now and then. Rana: Why do you smoke? Don’t you know smoking is harmful for health? Rumi: Oh, you don’t know. When you smoke, you look smart and full of personality. Smoking also removes tiredness. Rana: But there’re many bad effects of smoking. It is like taking poison. Rumi: What bad effect! Many a man is smoking everyday here and there. Rana: People hate smokers. Besides, smoking is the beginning of drug addiction. Rumi: I didn’t think like you. Rana: But it may cause you serious diseases like cancer, heart attack, bronchitis etc. It also damages your lung and causes lung cancer. Rumi: I tried to give it up, but I could not. I cannot even concentrate on my study without smoking. Rana : If you had thought seriously about its bad effect, you would not have taken it anymore. Rumi: That’s heard, friend but nobody dies from smoking. Rana: According to WHO, 5 million people die every year from tobacco related illness. That is about one person is dying in every 6 second. Smokers are likely to die at least 10 years earlier than the non-smokers. Rumi: I never thought so much about the dangerous effect of smoking. I just started to smoke out of curiosity. Rana: And this curiosity is spoiling your character and gradually leading you to death. Rumi: I promise I’ll give up smoking from this very day. You have saved me from a great danger. Rana: Never indulge such a bad habit rather you should persuade people not to smoke. Rumi: Thank you very much for you valuable advice. Rana: You’re most welcome. I’ve to go now. Rumi: Ok bye. See you later. A dialogue between Rana and Rumi about the bad effect of smoking Rana: Hi, Let’s go to playground. Rumi: Yes, I’m also waiting for you. Rana: What about you? You aren’t going to school for a few days. Rumi: Just wait. Let me buy a cigarette from that shop. Rana: What! Cigarette! Oh, yes. I’ve heard you have become a chain smoker nowadays. Rumi: No brother. Not just so. I smoke now and then. Rana: Why do you smoke? Don’t you know smoking is harmful for health? Rumi: Oh, you don’t know. When you smoke, you look smart and full of personality. Smoking also removes tiredness. Rana: But there are many bad effects of smoking. Don’t you know that? Smoking is like taking poison! Rumi: What bad effect! Many a man is smoking everyday here and there. Rana: It’s a false notion. People hate smokers. Besides, smoking the beginning of drug addiction. Rumi: I didn’t think like you. Rana: But it may cause you serious diseases like cancer, heart attack, bronchitis etc. It also damages your lung and causes lung cancer. Rumi: I tried to give it up, but I couldn’t. I can’t even concentrate on my study without smoking. Rana : You had thought seriously about its bad effect. You would not have study without anymore. Rumi: That’s are heard, friend but nobody dies from smoking. Rana: What! Nobody dies! According to World Health Organization (WHO) 5 million people die every year from tobacco related illness. That is about one person is dying in every 6 second. Smokers are likely to die at least 10 years earlier than the non-smokers. Rumi: Really! In true sense, I never thought so much. Moreover, I never knew such a dangerous effect of smoking. I just started to smoke out of curiosity. Rana: And this curiosity is spoiling your character and gradually leading you to death. Rumi: Sure, Evan. I promise I’ll give up smoking from this very day. You have saved me from a great danger. Rana: Never indulge such a bad habit rather you should persuade people not to smoke. Rumi: Thank you very much for you valuable advice. Rana: You’re most welcome. I have go now. Rumi: Ok bye. See you later. A dialogue about environment pollution A: Where are you going? B: I’m going to the mayor for requesting him to take necessary steps against environment pollution. A: What do you mean? B: Any unexpected and abnormal change in chemical, physical and biological characteristics in environment is called the environmental pollution. A: The disposal of various kinds of waste is seriously polluting the environment. Motor vehicles, mills and factories, railway engines and powerhouses are creating fume and smoke which pollute the air. B: Besides man makes fires to cook food, to make bricks, to melt tar for road construction and to do many other things. A: Forests and trees are being cut down on a large scale. So, the ecosystem of the environment is now in great danger. B: Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers, canals and seas. A: Chemicals, fertilizers and insecticides get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds, and thus pollute water. B: Moreover, water vehicles, unsafe drains and unsanitary latrines are also responsible for water pollution. A: The noise of motor vehicles, mills and factories, aeroplanes, domestic appliances, radios, cassette players, CDs, televisions etc cause aggression and damage hearing. B: Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessarily as a result of pollution. Air pollution causes pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. A: Water pollution causes water-borne diseases such as cholera and diarrhoea. B: Finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to our sense of smell, and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. A: Midway through the next century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. B: It’ll reduce mankind’s ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. A: The lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. B: Problems are everywhere. What’s the solution? A: If we all use energy, transport and other goods and services more carefully, we can reduce harmful emissions to our air, land and water. B: Government and people of all classes should come forward to raise consciousness and to control this environmental pollution. A: Thanks for sharing your valuable ideas. B: You’re most welcome. See you again. A dialogue about importance of punctuality Nora: I’m very glad that you are in time and have kept your promise. Neela: As I’m punctual, I always try to maintain time. Nora: Punctuality is a great virtue and it helps to breed all other virtues. Neela: In fact, punctuality’s the quality of doing things at the right time. Its importance’s very great. Nora: A punctual boy prepares his lessons timely and he never lags behind the class. Neela: When the exam comes, he finds himself well prepared. Nora: On the contrary, an unpunctual boy attends his school late and misses a part of his lesson. Neela: Besides he doesn’t learn his lessons at the right time. Nora: When the exam comes, he finds a huge load of arrear lessons. Neela: He can’t prepare himself and fails or he adopts copying which is very bad. Nora: Right you are. Neel: So he can make little progress in his studies and in the long run he has to repent of his bad habit. Nora: Exactly, we’ve to realise that punctuality is important in every sphere of life. Neela: If a man who is to address a public meeting comes late, he keeps so many people waiting and wastes their time. Nora: In fact, no excuse’s good enough for this want of good sense. Neela: Moreover, unpunctual attendance in an office or a workshop causes disorder and sometimes dislocation of work. Nora: This may give rise to a lot of harm and cause even disaster. Neela: Correct, lack of punctuality hampers orderly progress. You know, Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo, because one of his generals failed to come to his help in time. Nora: So we should maintain punctuality at every step. Neela: We should make it clear to our friends about its importance. Nora: I thank you very much, Neela. Neela: You’re welcome. See you. A dialogue between you and the manager of a bank about opening a bank account. Myself: May I come in sir? Manager: Yes, of course. Myself: Can I have a seat sir? Manager: Sure. Myself: Thank you. Manager: Welcome. What can I do for you? Myself: I want to open an account with your bank. Manager: Ok, it’s very good. Myself: But I don’t know how to open an account sir. Manager: Will you tell me what kind of account you want to open? Myself: Actually I’ve got a handsome amount of money as scholarship. Manager: And now you want to save it, OK? Myself: Yes, you’re right, sir. Manager: I’m giving you a form to fill it up. Just fill it up with the information required in different serial. After filling up the form, come to me with two passport size photographs of you and another copy of photograph of your beneficiary. Myself: What type of account am I going to open sir? Manager: It’s a saving account. Myself: Would you explain what is saving account? Manager: It means you can save any amount of money at any time and you can withdraw any amount from your account at any time. Myself: O, I see. Do I need to do anything more? Manager: Yes, you’ve to deposit an amount of initial money to open the account. Myself: What’s the amount, sir? Manager: It may be at least one hundred or more than one hundred. Myself: Thank you sir for your kind cooperation. Manager: You’re most welcome. Dialogue between two students about the last prize-giving ceremony in their school Fuad – Sajid, what’s the matter? We’re so sorry to miss you in the prize-giving ceremony. Sajid- I’m no less sorry. But mother met with an accident. It’s necessary to take her to the hospital. Fuad – I’m very sorry to hear this. How’s she now? Sajid- A little better. No cause for anxiety now. Please tell me all about the function. Fuad -Our school auditorium and its dais were brightly decorated. Prizes were also neatly displayed on a separate table on the dais.Sajid-When did the function start?Fuad – Oh, it started on time—just at 4 pm Sajid-Who’re present on the function? Fuad- All the students, the guardians and some eminent persons of the locality attended the function. Sajid- What did our Head teacher do? Fuad- Our Head teacher first read out the annual report. Sajid-Who was the chief guest and what did he do? Fuad- The principal of our College was the chief guest. Sajid- How did you like the Chief Guest’s speech? Fuad – It’s short but very impressive speech. He spoke highly of the all- round progress of our school. Sajid-Then what happened? Fuad – Then the Chief Guest gave away the prizes among the students for their outstanding activities. Sajid- Did you get any prize? Fuad -Yes, I’ve got two prizes—one for regular attendance and the other for good results in the last year-ending exams. Sajid-Is that all? Fuad – It’s really a grand success. Recitation, dance and drama were all excellent. These kept this audience almost spellbound. Sajid- I’m really sorry that I missed such an important function of our school life. Now, good-bye. Fuad – Good-bye, Sajid. A dialogue between two friends about importance of games and sports Abrar: Where are you going, Kushaf? Kushaf: I’m going to the club, Abrar. A: What do you do there? K: I play tennis there with my friend, Saba. A: Do you play tennis every day? K: Yes, it keeps my body and mind fit. Do you play any game Abrar? A: Yes, Kushaf. K: Which games do you play? A: I play cricket and football to keep my body fit and healthy. K: I think games are essential for good health. A: You’re right, Kushaf. Games are essential for everybody. K: But some people do not play any game. They do not realize the importance of games. A: But such people always suffer from one or the other ailment. K: You’re absolutely right, Abrar. A: I think Kushaf, games should be made compulsory for the students. K: I agree. Games will keep the students healthy and teach them discipline. A: Discipline is very essential for the progress of an individual as well as the nation as a whole. K: It’s right said that all work and no play makes jack a dull boy. A: According to a saying, only a healthy mind can realize God. K: But a healthy mind can live only in a healthy body. For keeping a healthy body, games are very important. A: Games also teach us the spirit of sportsmanship. K: I agree with you. Games also develop the quality of leadership among the students. A: Health is wealth, is an old saying. Therefore, to maintain our health we must play games. K: Yes, you’re right. May I take leave of you now? I am getting late for my tennis game. A: With great pleasure. I don’t want to detain you. K: See you again. A: good bye. K: Bye, bye. Dialogue Between Two Friends on Food Adulteration Raha: Hello Zarif! How are you? Nitu: I’m fine. What about you? Raha: I’m fine too. Have you seen the recent raid of mobile courts on food production houses? Nitu: Yes, I think the mobile court is doing the right task to stop food adulteration. Raha: Exactly! The adulteration of food is increasing beyond any limit. They are using chemicals to preserve food. Nitu: Yes, and these chemicals are mainly used for industrial purposes. These chemicals can cause kidney damage, heart failure and various other diseases. Raha: Yes, and it seems to me that the unscrupulous traders of our country don’t care even to kill innocent people to earn extra profit. Nitu: You’re right. However, this is not the only case of food adulteration of adult people. They are also mixing chemicals with baby foods. Raha: Oh, my God! I see the situation is very terrible! They have become so heartless that they don’t even care about babies. Nitu: Yes, nowadays fishes are adulterated with formalin, fruits are adulterated with carbide and edible oils are adulterated with cyanide. Raha: But why these traders are adopting such malpractices in spite of knowing the worst consequences of massive food adulteration? Nitu: It’s very simple. They are dishonest and they can do everything for money. Raha: They are very nasty and they have no moral character. They are enemies to humanity. However, this crime must be stopped at any cost. Nitu: And we’re helpless at the point of their clutch. Raha: You’re mostly right. Our government is taking steps time to time but they are producing no result. Isn’t there any light of hope? Nitu: Yes, there is. It is we who should be careful to choosing right foods as far as possible. The criminals have to be punished by law. Raha: Your valuable words may make me wise. Nitu: Absolutely! You’re most welcome. See you again. Dialogue between two friends on how to make good result in examination Raha: Why do you look so dejected? Anything wrong? Nusa: Nothing wrong, friend. When my examination approaches, my tension rises. Raha: Oh, it’s a great wrong. Aren’t you well-prepared? Nusa: I’m not happy about my results. I must do better. Raha: Why are you so nervous? Please let me know your problem. It will be my pleasure if I can help you in any way. Nusa: You can certainly help me. I want to make a good result as you made last year. Now I need to know the strategies you followed to make your brilliant result. Raha: It’s very simple. I think it is not unknown to you how to make a good result. There is no secret strategy at all, but you must follow certain rules. Nusa: Okay! Please tell me about the rules I should follow. Raha: Firstly, you should study regularly. You must not cram anything without understanding. Then you should make your own notes and revise them frequently. Nusa: Nice! What is your suggestion for English and Mathematics? Raha: For English and Mathematics your proficiency will depend on constant practice. Every day you will have to take practice-test in writing. Nusa: Excellent! Is there anything more? Raha: Yes, you should develop a habit of writing. Whatever you read, you must write it. It will give you manifolds benefits. Nusa: Okay. Do you have any advice for examination? Raha: Yes, you should budget your time for exams, makes your handwriting legible, and writes all answers. Avoid unnecessary topics in the answer scripts. Nusa: Thank you for your precious suggestions. I will surely follow these strategies. Raha: You’re most welcome. Remember that there is no secret to make a good result but to study regularly. Dialogue about how to eradicate the illiteracy problem from Bangladesh Sourav: Hi Srijon, how are you? Srijon: I’m fine. And you? Sourav: I’m so but thinking seriously over a problem. Srijon: What’s about? Can I share you? Sourav: Of course. It’s about illiteracy which is the biggest problem of Bangladesh. Srijon: Undoubtedly. Without education no nation can reach the culmination of success. Sourav: Real peace and prosperity lie in education. But we’re educationally backward. Srijon: Where is the solution? Sourav: Necessary measures must be taken from government level to uproot it. Srijon: Is it possible for government only to spread this mammoth task? Sourav: The educated along with mass people can contribute a lot in this sector. Srijon: I also think so. But our country is poor. What will the poor section do? Sourav: Primary education should be made free and compulsory for all. Srijon: Board book must be distributed upto graduation level. Tuition fees can be decreased proportionately. Sourav: What can be done if they’re unwilling to send their children to school? Srijon: Food for education programme has to be commenced to inspire them to attend school. Sourav: We can also teach the illiterate adult to be educated. Srijon: Good idea. Mass media should play their active role to a great extent. Sourav: Exactly. Let’s try to materialize it. Srijon: Thank you. Sourav: Ok. See you again. A dialogue between Sujan and Ashik about importance of English Opu: Hello Jack, Sam: Eating apple. Opu: Tell me about your exam result in detail. Sam: Sorry friend; I think if there were no subject named English in the school syllabus. Opu: What! You failed in English? Listen, you may be promoted to next class failing in English but how will you pass the test of life without English? Sam: What do you mean by this? Opu: I mean you can’t expect to build up a better life with a better career without the knowledge of English? Sam: Why? Opu: Nice! Actually English is essential in our every walk of life. Sam: Of course. It’s an international language. In this age of globalization, it plays an important role for communication in the present world. So, learning English is a must. Opu: But it’s unfortunate that we are neglecting it. For that we are lagging behind than our neighbours. Sam: Oh! It’s really disgraceful. This situation must be changed if we want to keep pace with the modern world. Opu: Right you’re. Our international relations and trade would be affected much if we do not learn English well. Sam: Exactly. Besides, without efficiency in English none can expect to receive higher studies as all the books on higher education are written in English. Opu: Yes, it’s only English that can help us to enter the storehouse of knowledge. Sam: Absolutely. But it is a matter of shame that most of the university graduates lack proper knowledge on English. Opu: Exactly, and as a result they are being deprived of getting good job and receiving handsome salary. Sam: Right you’re. A sound command over English is a prerequisite for good job and good salary. Opu: Undoubtedly. In fact, the importance of learning this language cannot be described in words. We must study and practice English seriously. Thank you. Sam: You’re most welcome. Good bye. Dialogue between two students about their hobbies Nuri: Hello, Rahi, why do you collect stamps of different countries? Rahi: Oh! Hi, Nuri. I’m collecting them to enrich my collection. Nuri: What do you mean? Rahi: Actually collecting stamps is my hobby. Nuri: Why do you like collecting stamps? Rahi: As stamps contain pictures of great men, historic places, it gives me immense pleasure and can satisfy my curiosity to know more. Nuri: It’s vast educative value. It’s a storehouse of knowledge of geography and history. Rahi: What’s your hobby? Nuri: My hobby is quite different from you. Rahi: What is it? Nuri: It’s Photography. Father presented me a camera with that I’ve taken photos of our family and beautiful natural scenery. I’ve preserved them in the album. Rahi: It’s a very interesting hobby. Nuri: Yeah, your hobby is not less interesting. It makes me feel happy and proud when I see my previous pictures. Rahi: I appreciate your hobby. It can certainly help to visualize about your past. Nuri: It’s getting late. I’ll go now. Rahi: When will we meet again? Nuri: I’m coming again tomorrow. Thank you. Rahi: Most welcome. Conversation between a doctor and a patient Mim: Good morning, Doctor. Doctor: Good morning, how can I help you? Mim: Actually doctor, since last two days I’m having a stomach pain. Doctor: Ok, tell me where exactly you feel pain. Mim: It’s somewhat near lower abdomen. Doctor: Is it a severe pain or just a light pain? Mim: I mean sometimes it is severe and sometimes mild. Doctor: Now tell me what you’ve taken for two days before? Mim: I went to a feast day before yesterday and I’d heavy dinner there. Doctor: Do you feel like eating anything? Mim: No doctor. Doctor: I think it’s minor stomach infection. I’m prescribing some medicine for 5 days and you’ll feel better. Mim: But how long do I need to be at home? My school exam will start from next week. Doctor: Don’t worry. You can hopefully join your regular classes from the next day. Mim: How much shall I pay you doctor? Doctor: 500 taka only. Mim: Here it is, please. Doctor: It’s all right. Mim: Thank you doctor. I’ll see you tomorrow with my blood report. Doctor: Ok. See you again. Dialogue between two friends about the importance of tree plantation Rakib: Hello Anis, how are you? Anis: Oh, I’m fine. You? Rakib: I’m fine too. But I’m concerned about our environment. Anis: What’s wrong with our environment? Please make it clear. Rakib: We’ve frequent floods, cyclones and droughts in our country. Don’t these make you think over our environment? Anis: Yes, but what can we do against these natural forces? Rakib: Indiscriminate cutting down of trees are responsible for this terrible situation. Anis: How funny! Rakib: It’s the root cause of global warming and most other natural disasters. Our ecological balance is seriously being disturbed for this. Anis: We obtain oxygen, food, shelter, furniture, raw material, shade etc from trees. Rakib: It’s an integral part of human life to survive in this world. Anis: Desertification and irregular rainfall can even be caused due to deforestation. Rakib: Then what should we do now? Anis: It’s very clear. We must plant more and more trees if we really want to have a suitable earth for living. Rakib: I agree with you. From now on I’ll utilize the unused land to plant trees. Anis: I’ll suggest people to plant two trees if they cut one. Rakib: People have to be made aware of the importance of afforestation through mass media, seminar and discussion. Anis: Yes, we along with other school going children can take the responsibility. Rakib: Planting trees in our school campus, we can start this programme. Anis: Besides it’s time to declare tough punishment for them who are engaged in destroying forests. Rakib: Thank you so much. Bye Dialogue between father and son on the choice of career Father: Congrats! I’ve been so much pleased that you’ve successfully passed in the exam with GPA 5. Son: Thanks a lot. This success lies in the mercy of Allah and your well wishes. Father: Have you any dream or a vision of what you intend to do or become in future. Son: Father, it’s up to you. I’ll always show respect to your decision. Father: In choosing a career, you see whether it suits your temperament or not. But I want to know your mind first. Son: My choice must be to your liking. I want to be a Computer Engineer, if you agree. Father: Why have you determined to be so? Son: Our country now needs engineers in large numbers for nations-building and defense works. Father: Yes, it’s an excellent profession. Your grandfather himself belongs to that profession. Son: Only engineers can bring about a revolutionary social reform through their innovation. Father: But have you thought over the hard work to turn ambition into reality? Son: Yes, I think no work is too hard for me in this profession. I shall leave no stone unturned. Father: Excellent! I agree with you whole-heartedly. Son: Please, pray for me so that I can sustain your faith upholding your dignity. Father: Be prepared to get yourself admitted into a university. Son: But it means additional expense to pay coaching fees. Father: Oh, no, my boy. I will gladly bear all expenses in this regard, as I know all my money will be well spent. Son: You’re so kind to me father. Father: And you are so good to us, dear son. A dialogue between Sujan and Ashik about importance of English Opu: Hello Jack, Sam: Eating apple. Opu: Tell me about your exam result in detail. Sam: Sorry friend; I think if there were no subject named English in the school syllabus. Opu: What! You failed in English? Listen, you may be promoted to next class failing in English but how will you pass the test of life without English? Sam: What do you mean by this? Opu: I mean you cannot expect to build up a better life with a better career without the knowledge of English? Sam: Why? Opu: Nice! Actually English is essential in our every walk of life. Sam: Of course. It is an international language. In this age of globalization, it plays an important role for communication in the present world. So, learning English is a must. Opu: But it is unfortunate that we are neglecting it. For that we are lagging behind than our neighbours. Sam: Oh! It’s really disgraceful. This situation must be changed if we want to keep pace with the modern world. Opu: Right you’re. Our international relations and trade would be affected much if we do not learn English well. Sam: Exactly. Besides, without efficiency in English none can expect to receive higher studies as all the books on higher education are written in English. Opu: Yes, it’s only English that can help us to enter the storehouse of knowledge. Sam: Absolutely. But it’s a matter of shame that most of the university graduates lack proper knowledge on English. Opu: Exactly, and as a result they are being deprived of getting good job and receiving handsome salary. Sam: Right you’re. A sound command over English is a prerequisite for good job and good salary. Opu: Undoubtedly. In fact, the importance of learning this language cannot be described in words. We must study and practice English seriously. Thank you. Sam: You’re most welcome. Good bye. A dialogue between two friends about how to do well in the examination. Hassan: Hi, how are you? Kamal: Very well. Thank you. And how about you? Hassan: Fine, thanks. Kamal: The exam is drawing near. I’m not well prepared for it. So I’ve study hard now. How have you prepared yourself? Hassan: Not as bad as you say. Kamal: You’ve always been on top in your exams. What’s the secret of your brilliant results? Hassan: Tell me about those things, will you? Kamal: Certainly. Hassan: To do well in the exam you have to study regularly. You must not cram anything without. understanding. You should make your own notes and revise them frequently Kamal: Good. Have any advice for me. Hassan: The thing which you need to do most is to have a fairly good command over language. Kamal: Thank you. Hassan: Come to my house every day. I’ll try to explain away your difficulties. Kamal: I’ll certainly go to yours. Mother will be very glad to hear of your proposal. Hassan: Then comes from tomorrow. It’s getting dark. Let us now go home. Kamal: Thank you, for your kind offer. Hassan: I’ll glad to help a friend if I can. Kamal: Good-bye! A dialogue between two friends regarding internet Mou: Hi, friend, how are you? What are you doing? Opu: I am so so and chatting with a friend. Mou: How? Opu: Through facebook in Internet. Mou: My parents do not like internet and I am not permitted to access it. Opu: But there is no doubt that the Internet is one of the greatest humankind’s inventions of the last century. Mou: Actually I know nothing about it. Can you introduce me with it? Opu: Of course.Why not? From my point of view, I think that the Internet brings us many benefits. Mou: Please mention me what types of benefit we find from it? Opu: People can have access to the latest news, weather, traffic, bid-and-asked quotations, etc. Mou: What things are needed to operate internet? Opu: You need a computer and a modem or broadband connection. Mou: It’s possible to be helped in my educational purposes. Opu: You can get all sort of opportunities in almost all the fields including educational issues. Mou: I want to enjoy music, movie, gaming, chatting with friends, sharing views and ideas about world affairs. Opu: The Internet is comparatively cheaper and faster and the businessmen are greatly dependent on this speedy mode of communication. Mou: In fact, I start to believe that Internet gave us more advantages and opportunities than disadvantages and problems. Opu: I also think so. Without it I cannot think a day of my life. Mou: I must try to convince my parents to get internet connection. Thanks a lot. I have known a lot from you. Opu: You’re welcome. Dialogue between two friends on how to spend spare time after SSC Rana: What are you thinking about? Rani: A serious matter. Rana: Will you share it with me? Rani: Most of the adult living in my native village are illiterate. Rana: It’s a common picture in our every village. Rani: Every educated should have some responsibility forthem. Rana: Our SSC exam is over. It will take nearly two months to publish the result. How will you spend your time effectively? Rani: I’ve decided to spend this time through educating the adult illiterate at my level best. Rana: Your idea is excellent undoubtedly. Illiteracy, certainly a great problem, frustrates all our development efforts. Rani: Exactly! No development efforts can succeed unless illiteracy is eradicated. What is your plan during this period? Rana: It’s absolutely true. However, my plan is little different from that of you. Rani: What’s your plan? Let me know in detail. Rana: You know I’m quite weak in English. So, I want to develop my English skill during this time. Rani: I highly appreciate your great plan. English is an international language, and we have no option but to learn it. Rana: Yes, English is essential in our every walk of life. It plays an important role for communication in the present world. Rani: Besides, without efficiency in English none can expect to receive higher studies as all the books on higher education are written in English. Rana: Right you’re. Besides, a sound command over English has become a prerequisite for good job and better salary. Rani: Absolutely! Your idea sounds very good to me. I wish you all success. Go ahead to fulfill your purpose. Rana: Thank you. I also appreciate your excellent idea to educate the adult illiterate. Rani: You’re most welcome. Good bye for now. A dialogue between Harun and the Headmaster of my school about a seat in the school hostel Harun: May I come in, sir? Headmaster: Yes, come in. Harun: Assalamualikum. Headmaster: Walikumussalam, What’s your problem? Harun: Sir, I’m in residence problem. I need a seat in the school hostel. Headmaster: How long have you been in this school? Harun: More than three years. Headmaster: Why do you need to live in the hostel now? Harun: Sir, my father is a government employee. Recently he has been transferred from here to Chittagong. My family has already shifted there. But we’ve decided not to leave my school. Headmaster: Don’t you have any relative to reside with? Harun: No, sir. I neither have any relative nor have any other way. Headmaster: Really a problem, I see. Where is your application? Harun: I’ve not yet prepared, sir? Headmaster: Ok, submit an application with the signature of your guardian. You’ll have your seat granted. Harun: OK, this is very kind of you. Thank you so much. Headmaster: You’re welcome. A Customer Talking to a Salesman at a Gift Shop Salesman: Good morning, sir! Customer: Good morning! Salesman: How can I help you, sir? Customer: I want to purchase a gift for my sister to give it on her birthday. Salesman: How old is she? Customer: She is only eight years old. It should be something beautiful and unique. Salesman: You know ours is the biggest gift shop at Mirpur. We have a large collection of gift items. Customer: Suggest me the items that can make my sister happy? Salesman: You can buy this imported doll. It speaks English and sings wonderful songs. Customer: Oh, it’s really a beautiful doll. Salesman: Yes, this doll is very popular among the female children. Customer: Can you tell me how to operate it? Salesman: Yes, push this red button and it will start speaking English, and push blue button it starts singing. Customer: What is its price? Salesman: Only 1350/- Customer: It’s a costly item. Anyway, pack it. I hope you will charge reasonably. Salesman: Don’t worry. We deal with our customers sincerely and take minimum price. Customer: Also show me some picture books which can increase the general knowledge of my sister. Salesman: We have a lot of such books which are not only interesting but also good for gaining general knowledge. Customer: How much have I to pay for these five books? Salesman: 350/- only. Customer: Please pack these books also. Now tell me the minimum amount I have to pay. Salesman: The total amount is 1700/-. Please pay me 1625/- only. Customer: Here are 2000/-. Please give me cash receipt and balance amount. Salesman: Sir, here is the cash-receipt and the balance. Thanks for your nice visit. A dialogue between two friends about the importance of reading newspaper. Friend: Let’s go to a newspaper stall. Myself: But why? Friend: To meet my thirst. Myself: What do you mean? I cannot understand your word. Friend: It’s very easy. I cannot start my day without reading newspaper. Myself: Please explain it to me. Friend: Newspaper is the current mirror of the world. Myself: What does it mean? Friend: It means, newspaper gives us all kinds of news of both home and abroad. Myself: What do you mean by all kinds of news? Friend: All kinds of news means social, political, business, games and sports, education, invention and discoveries, amusements and so on. Myself: Does it give us only news? Friend: No, it also gives us the views of the mass people. Myself: But doesn’t the TV serve this purpose? Friend: Television gives us news but that is not as much as newspaper. Myself: Anything more? Friend: Yes, Editorial and research news. Myself: Which option of the paper is most important to you? Friend: Headlines and editorials. Myself: Is it very important to read newspaper regularly? Friend: Of course. Newspaper opens the windows of our outlook. It keeps us updated with the current world. To keep pace with the world it is most important to read newspaper regularly. Myself: So, do you think that I also should form the habit of reading newspaper? Friend: Not only you but also all types of people should form this habit. Myself: You’re right. Thank you for sharing the importance of reading newspaper. Friend: See you again. A dialogue between two friends about the importance of good health /how to keep in good health /importance of physical exercise /how to take physical exercise. Here is a dialogue between Arif and Mizan regarding the importance of physical exercise. Asif: Hello, Mizan, how are you? Mina: I feel tired all the time and can’t sleep well, I also can’t read for a long time. Asif: What’s your problem? Don’t you call in doctor? Mina: Yes, the doctor examined my chest, throat, tongue, eyes and took my temperature and blood pressure. Asif: Than, what he advised? Mina: He didn’t prescribe any medicine. He advised me to take regular physical exercise. Asif: Do you not know physical exercise is essential for keeping in good health? Mina: I also think so. I am very careless about your health. Asif: We should remember that physical exercise protects us from various diseases, makes our body strong, healthy and fit for work. Mina: Is there any other importance of it? Asif: Of course. Physical exercise gives us energy, refreshes our mind and helps us to return to work with renewed vigor. It prolongs our life too. Mina: Really Asif, I was in the dark about the necessity and importance of physical exercise Asif: Listen, the most important thing is to get up early in the morning. The fresh air of morning keeps us fit. You should do some easy exercises. Mina: What type of exercises? Asif: You can walk in the morning, you can take part in games and sports etc. Another important point is to eat fresh and nutritious food. You have to drink pure water also. You can drink some milk, too. Mina: I must try to do it every day. Asif: Remember, Proper sleep is very important. You must go to bed early and rise early. Mina: Thank you Asif for your good advice. Asif: Come to my house tomorrow early in the morning and I will show you some free hands exercise. Mina: I think the sooner I realize the importance of physical exercise, the better is for me. Asif: I highly appreciate your wise realization. Mina: I have to go now because my private class will start very soon. Asif: Thank you, Mina. Goodbye. A Dialogue between you and your headmaster about a transfer certificate. Rana : May I come in, sir? Principal : Yes, come in. Any problem? Rana : Sir, I wish to discuss with you regarding a T.C. Principal : Sit down, which class are you in? Rana : I’m in class 8, section A. As my family decided, I need a transfer certificate. Principal : Transfer certificate! It’s the month of May and is the middle of the session. Why are you going to leave your school? Rana : Recently he’s been transferred from here to Satkhira. My family has already shifted there. Principal : Oh, I see. What’s your father? Rana : Sir, my father is a government employee. Principal : Can’t you stay here for the rest of the session? Rana : I’m sorry to say that my father can’t afford and accommodate me here. Principal : Do you have no other relative here? Rana : I’ve no relative here to reside with or other scope to stay in. Principal: Really it’s a problem. Rana : Sir, I like my school very much but situation does not allow me to study here. Principal: Have you written an application? Rana: Yes, sir. Here it is. Principal: Have you cleared your tuition fees? Rana: Yes, sir. Here is the money receipt. Principal Ok. Then Principal: Ok, submit an application. Rana : What else have I to do, sir? Principal : Contract with the clerk. He will give you all out helps to get a T.C. Rana : Thank you very much, sir. Principal: God bless you, my child. Dialogue on benefits of early rising Friend: why are you always late for the class? If you are so late every day, you will be in great difficulty. Myself: I always try to come on time, but I simply can’t. Friend: Why can’t you? What time do you get up in the morning? Myself: I usually get up from bed at around 9 o’clock. I watch TV and sleep late. Friend: You should rise early and get the benefits of early rising. Myself: What is the benefit of early rising? Friend: An early riser as many advantages. Myself: Do you explain? Friend: Why not? Myself: Please. Friend: An early riser gets enough time. He can say his morning prayer. He can enjoy morning air, can take some physical exercise. He can earn more and become wealthy. Myself: Anything more? Friend: He can enjoy the chirping of birds, can have a walk on the grass. Myself: But can he enjoy the morning sweet bed? Friend: Do you think it very essential? Myself: Yes, I like to enjoy morning bed very much. Friend: But do you know that early rising is more important than morning bed? Myself: Actually I don’t know. Please tell me some. Friend: There is a proverb, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Myself: How fine the verse is! I was in the dark. However, I will start getting up early in the morning from tomorrow. Friend: It is certainly a wise decision. I will call you tomorrow in the morning at your house and take you for a walk with me by the riverside. Myself: You are most welcome. I really appreciate your suggestion. A dialogue between two friends on frequent road accidents in our country Rana: Hello, Kamal, why do you look gloomy? Rani: Today I’ve seen a news of a tragic road accident. Rana: But the road accident is a daily affair in our country. Rani: Maybe. But this news shocked me terribly. Rana: What is that news? Rani: All the five members of a family died on the spot while they were going to attend a wedding party. Rana: How did the accident take place? Rani: While the car carrying five members was coming towards Dhaka, a loaded truck was going from opposite direction and collided with the car near Satkhira town. Rana: What a pity it is! Rani: Can you tell me the reasons for frequent road accidents in our country? Rana: Most of the accidents take place for the reckless driving of the drivers, carelessness of the drivers to traffic rules, unfit vehicles and bad conditions of roads etc. Rani: There are narrow, broken, and unmetalled roads. These also contribute to many road accidents. Rana: Can you please tell me how we can control and reduce the number of road accidents? Rani: Firstly, we should train up our drivers properly. Then unfit and unlicensed vehicles should be removed from the roads. Also, the drivers should be compelled to follow the traffic rules. Rana: The conditions of our roads should be improved. We need strict law against over speed and over taking tendency. Rani: People should also be made aware of traffic rules and signals. Rana: Yes, you are right. If we can take these measures, the number of road accidents, will no doubt, be reduced. Rani: We all have to come forward to raise public awareness in this regard. Rana: Let’s take our position in the human chain. Otherwise we will be late. Rani: I agree with you. Thank you very much. Rana: You’re welcome. A dialogue between two friends on visiting a place of historical interest Myself: I have taken a decision to visit Bagerhat. Have you ever visited Bagerhat? Friend: Oh, excellent decision! Yes, during the last autumn vacation I got an opportunity to visit Bagerhat with my father. Myself: But why did you choose Bagerhat for visiting? Friend: It’s a place of historical interest. Many people from home and abroad come to visit the Shat-Gambuj Mosque, a World Heritage Site. Myself: Is there anything related to history? Friend: Sure! Have you heard the name of Khan Jahan Ali? Myself: Yes, He was a great saint in this subcontinent. Friend: Do you know the full name of Khan Jahan Ali? Myself: Actually I don’t know. What is that? Friend: His full name is Ulug Khan Jahan Ali. Myself: What did you visit there? Friend: I visited Shat Gumbuj Mosque, Ghora Dighi, and the majar of Khan Jahan Ali. Myself: What did you enjoy most? Friend: It was the Shat Gumbuj Mosque, the best architectural creation of Khan Jahan Ali. Myself: Could you please let me know the uniqueness of the mosque? Friend: The mosque is unique because it has sixty pillars supported by seventy seven exquisitely curved domes. Khan Jahan Ali used it both as a mosque and as a court. Myself: What did he build there more? Friend: He made a vast tank of sweet water by the side of his majar for the local people. There were two crocodiles named ‘Kala Pahar and Dhala Pahar.’ But they are no more now. Myself: How much did you enjoy your visit? Friend: It’s a wonderful experience. I could Know many things of our past history. The memory of my visit still haunts me. Myself: Thank you very much for your nice description. Friend: You’re most welcome. Have a nice visit. A dialogue between the two friends about the causes of failure in English Rakib: Hello Sumon, how are you? Sumon: I’m fine and you? Rakib: I am also fine but I am thinking about a matter. Sumon: What is the matter? Rakib: The matter is about the weakness of the students in English. Sumon: Why are you thinking about this matter? Rakib: You know that thousands of students fail in this subject every year. Sumon: You have said right. I think that these students have never thought this subject to be their friend. The unpleasant truth is that they consider this subject as their enemy. What do you think? Rakib: Right you are? I think that they even do not know that this language can be learnt and spoken. They only know how to memorize. Sumon: Exactly so. When they see any uncommon question in the exam, they become senseless, perplexed and finally blame their lot. Rakib: By suggesting them to memorize, a lot many teachers and lecturers are misleading misguiding them. Do you know any solution to this? Sumon: I think that they should read their text after learning English. If you ask me any question in Chinese language, I will not understand because I do not know this language. Rakib: I think that they should speak English, read English newspaper and listen to English news. Sumon: I think that if speaking English is compulsory, they will be able to learn this language. Otherwise, they will be failing in this subject ironically. Rakib: Thanks for sharing your valuable thinking. Sumon: Thank you too. A dialogue about importance of time Nora: I’m very glad that you are in time and have kept your promise. Neela: As I’m punctual, I always try to maintain time. Nora: Punctuality is a great virtue and it helps to breed all other virtues. Neela: In fact, punctuality’s the quality of doing things at the right time. Its importance’s very great. Nora: A punctual boy prepares his lessons timely and he never lags behind the class. Neela: When the exam comes, he finds himself well prepared. Nora: On the contrary, an unpunctual boy attends his school late and misses a part of his lesson. Neela: Besides he does not learn his lessons at the right time. Nora: When the exam comes, he finds a huge load of arrear lessons. Neela: He can’t prepare himself and fails or he adopts copying which is very bad. Nora: Right you are. Neela: So he can make little progress in his studies and in the long run he has to repent of his bad habit. Nora: Exactly, we’ve to realise that punctuality is important in every sphere of life. Neela: If a man who is to address a public meeting comes late, he keeps so many people waiting and wastes their time. Nora: In fact, no excuse’s good enough for this want of good sense. Neela: Moreover, unpunctual attendance in an office or a workshop causes disorder and sometimes dislocation of work. Nora: This may give rise to a lot of harm and cause even disaster. Neela: Correct, lack of punctuality hampers orderly progress. You know, Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo, because one of his generals failed to come to his help in time. Nora: So we should maintain punctuality at every step. Neela: We should make it clear to our friends about its importance. Nora: Thank you very much Neela. Neela: You’re welcome. See you. Dialogue about the advantages and disadvantages of village life and city life Rina: When did you come back from your native village? Mina: Only yesterday Rina: I see, you’re very fond of the country life. Mina: Really I’m very fond of it. Rina: Why? What’s the charm of the country life? Mina: There’re great differences between city life and village life. Village life is natural but city life is artificial. Rina: But there are some facilities in city which are not avail able in village. Mina: I’m tired of the din and bustle of the town, of smoke, dirt and congestion. It’s calm and quite there. I get there fresh air and fresh food, fish, milk, fruit and vegetables. I get fresh vigour and energy. Rina: But there’s no electric light or fan, no good roads, medical aid, school or college, society, theater or cinema hall. Mina: The majority of our people live in the villages. Our country cannot prosper unless the villages are improved. Rina: But village has some problems, too. Most of the villagers are illiterate. They don’t know any way to live well. Mina: But villages are the producer of food. Rina: Village environment is fresh but if you are ill, you will have to go to town to meet doctor. Mina: It’s true. But, environment of village will keep you fit. Rina: Can you deny the advantages of modernism? Mina: I don’t mean that. I just want to say that village life is much better than city life. Rina: What are your other points? Mina: People of city are much busy and almost emotionless. Day by day they are becoming much disintegrated. Rina: City people possess all educational institution and administration. Rina: Yes, but how can we improve the village? Mina: Educated men should go and mix with the people of the village, and spread education among them and teach them how to raise their standard of life. Beside, Government should ensure all the amenities of the town. Rina: Now I understand why you go to your native village during every long vacation. Mina: Actually both of them have some advantages and disadvantages. Rina: Exactly, but village life is better to live a healthy life. Mina: Thank you very much for your nice company. Dialogue about the preparation for the SSC Examination Raha: Where are you going? Kona: To collect note from Dana. I am worried about my exam. Raha: It’s very common. You are serious about it, so you are worried. Kona: Don’t philosophize. My preparation is not satisfactory at all. In a short time it is very difficult for me to make a success. Raha: I’m same to you. But I want to share a thing with you. Kona: Okay, please do. Raha: Final Examination is knocking at the door. What should we do? Kona: Really we should think about it. Could you tell me about your preparation? Raha: Of course. I need your help. I know you are very well up in English. Kona: It’s too much. I am over all good but not so good at about it. Raha: Your class performance is always good. Moreover, your English Language knowledge is also sound. Kona: That’s okay. But I am weak in Math. How can I improve my skill in the subject? Raha: You should need special care of our Math teacher for a few days. Gradually you will be improved. Kona: I never think about Bengali, religion and science. But Math is my challenge to get A+ mark in the subjects. Raha: But my tremendous horror is about Accounting. I can solve general Math easily but accounting is really a problem to me. How can I improve myself? Kona: Actually you need to the basic terms about it. Raha: What’s about your other subjects? Kona: I’m revising all other subjects again and again. Moreover I read the text book and underline the root words for objective type questions. Raha: Excellent idea. It will be helpful to get admission also. Kona: Right. You will do so. Raha: Thanks. I’ll follow you. Kona: Without hard labour we can’t touch our goal. Raha: Sure. Without A+ we can’t get good chance. Today’s world is very competitive. Kona: You’re right. Okay friend, we may go now. Raha: See you again. Bye Kona: Bye. A dialogue between A tourist and a native about some direction Tourist : Excuse me, could you please help me? Myself : Certainly. Please don’t hesitate to ask. Is it your first time to this place ,right? Tourist : Yes, I have a question actually. Myself : Sure, what’s that? Tourist : I want to go Farmgate but I can’t understand how I will go there? Myself : Well, I can help you as I used to go there due to my University. Tourist : Thanks God. Myself : Wait here till the bus called BRTC volvo. You must buy a ticket for 15 taka to get on the bus. Tourist : I have another question. How can I recognize Farmgate? Myself : The bus conductor will shout saying Farmgate. Then you be alart to get off the bus. Tourist : After getting off the bus How will I go to Dhaka International University? Myself : No problem. You will hire a rickshaw to go there. The puller can help you to reach there. Tourist : Is the university situated in the left or right? Myself : Oh, you must go to the right side. Tourist : What is your phone number? I can call you if I need you again. Myself : I am telling. Please save it to your mobile. Tourist : Thanks for a lot of information. Myself : You are welcome. See you later. Tourist : see you. A dialogue between a librarian and a student on borrowing books Student: Would I come in? Librarian: Yes, why not? How are you? Student: I’m so-so. Librarian: You’ve come here after a long time. What’s the problem? Student: Actually I had been suffering from typhoid for the last five days. Librarian: I see. Why have you come here and How can I help you? Student: My examination is knocking at the door. So I need to prepare a note on some English composition using some Grammar books. Librarian: You can take help from Advance Learners. Student: Can I borrow those books for only two days? Librarian: I’m sorry. You are not permitted to bring it to home. But you can use it how long you want during school time. Student: Give me those books. Librarian: Have you brought your library card? Student: Yes, I have. Librarian: Show me. Student: Here it is. Librarian: Wait for sometimes till I bring those for you. Student: Ok. Librarian: You Should make the best use of these books. You must not fold or tear any page. Student: I’m careful and also avoid underlining or giving spot. Librarian: Thank you. Student: Thank you so much. Dialogue between you and your headmaster asking for three days’ leave Rahman: May I come in, Sir? Teacher: Yes, come in. Any problem, my son? Rahman: Sir, I need advance leave for some days. Teacher: Sit down, which class are you in? Rahman: I am in class-7, section-B. Teacher: Your Half-yearly Examination is near at hand. Why do you need leave now? Rahman: My sister’s marriage ceremony is going to be held on Friday next, sir. I have to remain busy for some days. Teacher: Sister’s marriage! Who is your sister? Wasn’t she student of our school? Rahman: Yes, sir. My sister is Rina and she passed the S.S.C exam from this school in 2017. Teacher: O, yes; Rina—she was a meritorious student. Isn’t Mr Rana your father? Rahman: Yes, sir. Teacher: Offer salam to him on my behalf. Rahman: Sir, he’s shortly coming to school to invite you all. Teacher: O well. However, how many days do you need leave for? Rahman: For three days, sir. Teacher: But how, do you think, you’d make up the missed lessons? Rahman: I hope. I’d pick up the missed lessons by having a discussions sitting with my friend. Teacher: OK, submit an application to me asking for three days’ leave. Rahman: Sir, I’ve written it. Teacher: Right. Let me put down my signature on your application. Rahman: So kind of you, sir. I always remember your kindness. Here is a dialogue between you and your friend about the importance of online class Myself: Hey, it’s nice to see you in person after such a long time even though we stay so close to each other. Siam: Ever since the pandemic, it’s hard to go outside and meet your friends. The school was the one place I miss most, you know, hanging out and all. Myself: Why are you not looking from too many days? Siam: I’m busy from several days. Myself: Busy but for what not our exams are being held now. Siam: Not for exams but for online classes. Myself: Fine. How are your online classes going on? Siam: Quite good. It has been a different experience for us, isn’t it? Myself: Certainly. What are your views about it? Siam: I feel there are always two sides of a coin. However, it’s lots to offer. Myself: I don’t really like the concept of online classes though. Siam: I think the teachers are doing a commendable job trying to put up virtual classes so that we don’t miss things out. Myself: I agree but such classes require active learning, either we concentrate or we’re lost. Siam: Just look at the list of advantages that it has. It’s convenient, flexible, provides more individual attention, and also makes us more independent and self-disciplined. Myself: I don’t agree with the last point. There’s no clue as to what a student is doing, maybe he’s busy with other stuff. Siam: That’s how it makes the students more independent and they are self-directed. Myself: Maybe it’s too early to comment on it. Let’s see what it’s to offer in the future. Siam: Yes, my online classes are also going on but it does not make me much busy. Myself: But there are so much homework that it takes the whole day to complete. Siam: No, it doesn’t take the whole you just solve it during the period when there’s nothing going on, and it’ll be much easier for you. Myself: Yes, you’re right. I’ll follow it thank you. Bye Siam: Bye and have a nice day.

Rules Basic Advanced Worksheets Beginner (1) Elementary (2) (PECE) Pre-intermediate (3) (JSC) Intermediate (4) (SSC) Upper-intermediate (5( (HSC) Advanced (6)(University) Combining / Joining Sentences Exercise-5.1

Vocabulary for IELTS LISTENING VOCABULARY Band-9 Vocabuary for IELTS Collocations for IELTS Click on the following link to get full list of important vocabulary for IELTS TOPIC-BASED VOCABULARY ALL IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR IELTS Fakhruddin Babar Jun 20, 2023 0 min read Band 8 Vocabulary for IELTS 153 views 0 comments 1 like. Post not marked as liked 1 Fakhruddin Babar Nov 5, 2020 0 min read List of Academic Vocabulary with Meaning and Examples 258 views 0 comments 3 likes. Post not marked as liked 3

English as a second or foreign language is the use of English by speakers with different native languages, often with students whose native language is not English and are learning to speak and write English, commonly among students. Language education for people learning English may be known as English as a foreign language (EFL), English as a second language (ESL), English for speakers of other languages (ESOL), English as an additional language (EAL), or English as a new language (ENL), which refers to the practice of studying English in a country where it is not the dominant language. These programs, especially ESL, are usually an academic subject, course, or program designed to teach English to students who are not yet proficient in the language. While some people only refer to learning in an English-speaking country, learning this language can also entail learning in a non-English speaking or non-native nation.

Rules Basic Advanced Worksheets Beginner (1) Elementary (2) (PECE) Pre-intermediate (3) (JSC) Intermediate (4) (SSC) Upper-intermediate (5( (HSC) Advanced (6)(University) Basic Punctuation Rules Advanced Punctuation Rules Advanced Punctuation Rules Basic Punctuation Rules Punctuation and Capitalization Rules Period A period, also commonly known as a full stop, is a p unctuation mark (.) used in writing to indicate the end of a sentence. It is a small, circular dot that plays a crucial role in sentence structure, helping to signal the completion of a thought or idea. The period is one of the most basic and frequently used punctuation marks in the English language. In addition to marking the end of declarative and imperative sentences, periods are also used after abbreviations, initials, and in various other contexts, as outlined in the rules and examples provided earlier. Understanding and using periods correctly contribute to clear and effective written communication. Using a Full Stop at the End of a Declarative/Assertive Sentence: Description: Employ a period to conclude a statement or share information. Examples: The project is due by Friday. The sun sets behind the mountains. They completed the marathon with smiles on their faces. Using a Full Stop at the End of an Imperative Sentence: Description: Place a period at the end of a sentence that gives a command or makes a request. Examples: Please submit your reports by noon. Turn off the computer before leaving. Ensure all doors are securely locked. Using a Full Stop after Abbreviations or Short Forms: Description: Follow abbreviations or short forms with a period. Examples: The meeting is scheduled for Mon., Jan. 20. Prof. Anderson is leading the research team. She is a Ph.D. candidate in psychology. Using a Full Stop after Initials: Description: Use a period after each initial in a person's name. Examples: J. K. Rowling authored the Harry Potter series. M. P. Johnson is our new CEO. The artist's name is A. R. Rahman. Using a Full Stop at the End of an Indirect Question: Description: Conclude a sentence that reports a question indirectly with a period. Examples: She asked if you could join us. I wonder where they went. He questioned if it was the right decision. Using a Full Stop in Website URLs and Email Addresses: Description: In web addresses and email, use multiple full stops (periods) as separators. Examples: Visit our website at www.example.com . Email us at contact@example.com for inquiries. Access the online portal: portal.example.org. Quotation Marks Quotation marks are punctuation marks used to set off and indicate the beginning and end of a quotation or a piece of dialogue. In English, there are two types of quotation marks: double quotation marks (" ") and single quotation marks (' '). The choice between them often depends on stylistic conventions and the context. For example: Double Quotation Marks: She said, "I'll be there by 5 o'clock." The article stated, "The findings are inconclusive." Single Quotation Marks (used within double quotation marks for nested quotes): He remarked, "She told me, 'I can't make it.'" The book is titled 'The Great Gatsby'. Quotation marks play a crucial role in distinguishing quoted or spoken words from the rest of the text, helping to maintain clarity and convey the intended meaning in written communication. Quoting Direct Speech: Description: Use quotation marks to enclose the exact words spoken by a person. Examples: She exclaimed, "I can't believe we won!" He asked, "Where did you find that book?" Mary whispered, "I'll meet you at the usual spot." Quoting Text from a Source: Description: Indicate the exact words from a written source by enclosing them in quotation marks. Examples: The article states, "The results are statistically significant." In the novel, the protagonist declares, "I am ready for whatever comes." The manual says, "Press the reset button to restart the device." Titles of Short Works: Description: Use quotation marks for titles of short works, such as articles, short stories, or individual episodes of a TV series. Examples: I just finished reading "The Gift of the Magi." Have you seen the episode titled "The One Where Everybody Finds Out"? Her favorite poem is "The Road Not Taken." Words as Words: Description: When discussing words themselves, use quotation marks. Examples: The term "algorithm" refers to a set of instructions. She asked, "Can you define 'metaphor' for me?" In linguistics, "syllable" has a specific meaning. Sarcasm or Irony: Description: Indicate sarcasm or irony by placing a word or phrase in quotation marks. Examples: His "helpful" advice only made things worse. The so-called "expert" couldn't answer basic questions. She called it a "vacation" despite working every day. Scare Quotes: Description: Use quotation marks to express doubt or to distance oneself from a term. Examples: The "rules" of the game were constantly changing. He used the term "healthy" to describe deep-fried snacks. The "celebrity" was unknown to most people. Direct Quotations within Indirect Quotations: Description: When quoting someone within another quotation, use single quotation marks inside double quotation marks. Examples: She said, "John told me, 'I'll be there.'" The teacher asked, "Did he say, 'I understand the concept'?" He exclaimed, "The sign read, 'No entry.'" Alternate Meanings or Neologisms: Description: Use quotation marks to highlight a non-standard or new term. Examples: The word "glamping" combines glamour and camping. She described the situation as "hangry," a mix of hungry and angry. The term "adulting" refers to performing adult responsibilities. Emphasizing Words: Description: Occasionally used for emphasis when a word is being singled out. Examples: His "punctuality" is a source of admiration. The "perfect" solution turned out to be flawed. We appreciate the "feedback" we received. Dialogue in Fiction: Description: Use quotation marks to denote spoken words in fiction writing. Examples: "Stop right there!" he shouted. She said, "I'll meet you at the cafe at 6 o'clock." In the novel, the character declared, "This is the end of our journey." Question Mark A question mark (?) is a punctuation symbol used in written language to indicate the end of a direct question. It is shaped like a dot with a curved line beneath it. The primary purpose of a question mark is to convey that the sentence is an inquiry or interrogation, prompting the reader to interpret the statement as seeking information or clarification. End of Direct Questions: Description: Use a question mark to conclude a direct question. Examples: Have you finished your homework? Where did you find that interesting book? Did they enjoy the movie? Indirect Questions: Description: In formal writing, end a sentence with a question mark when reporting an indirect question. Examples: She asked whether you had seen the new exhibit. I wonder if they will attend the meeting. He inquired about what time the event starts. Rhetorical Questions: Description: Use a question mark for questions asked for effect or emphasis where no answer is expected. Examples: Could that day have been any more perfect? Do you really think I would say no? Isn't it a beautiful day? In Series of Questions: Description: End each question in a series with a question mark. Examples: Who, what, when, where, and why? Did she complete the assignment on time? Did she understand the instructions? Are you sure about the details? Can you double-check? Question Tags: Description: Use a question mark with a question tag added at the end of a statement. Examples: You're coming to the party, aren't you? He finished his work, didn't he? She isn't late again, is she? In Formal Titles: Description: Question marks are appropriate in the titles of works posing a question. Examples: "Who Moved My Cheese?" "What Is the Meaning of Life?" "Are You There, God? It's Me, Margaret." Uncertainty or Doubt: Description: Use a question mark to indicate uncertainty or doubt. Examples: I'm not sure if he'll attend the meeting tomorrow? Is this the correct address? Are you absolutely certain about your decision? Semicolon A semicolon (;) is a punctuation mark that is used to connect two closely related independent clauses (complete sentences) in a way that is stronger than a comma but less final than a period. It is also used in certain other specific situations in written English. Connecting Independent Clauses: Description: Use a semicolon to connect two independent clauses (complete sentences) without a conjunction. Examples: The sun was setting; the sky turned a beautiful shade of orange. She finished her work early; therefore, she decided to go for a walk. They traveled to Paris; it was an unforgettable experience. Separating Items in a List with Internal Commas: Description: Use semicolons to separate items in a list when those items already contain commas. Examples: Our team includes Sarah, project manager; Mark, developer; and Alex, designer. The workshop covered time management; effective communication, both written and verbal; and problem-solving skills. The ingredients for the salad include spinach, washed and dried; cherry tomatoes, halved; and feta cheese. Connecting Independent Clauses with Transitional Phrases: Description: Use a semicolon before a transitional phrase when connecting two independent clauses. Examples: She had never been to London; however, she was excited to explore the city. The project deadline was approaching; as a result, everyone worked extra hours. He was late for the meeting; nevertheless, he apologized sincerely. Emphasizing a Strong Relationship between Independent Clauses: Description: Use a semicolon to emphasize a strong relationship between two closely related independent clauses. Examples: The storm was approaching; the villagers began to secure their homes. The company faced financial challenges; the CEO remained optimistic about the future. The research was thorough; the conclusions were well-supported. Joining Independent Clauses in a Series: Description: Use semicolons to separate independent clauses in a series when those clauses are already separated by commas. Examples: We visited Rome, Italy; Athens, Greece; and Barcelona, Spain. The project involved analyzing data, creating visualizations; presenting findings, and receiving feedback. He enjoyed hiking in the mountains; swimming in the lakes; and camping in the forests. Colon A colon (:) is a punctuation mark that is used in various ways in written language. Here are some of the primary uses of a colon: Here are rules for using the colon with descriptions and three examples for each rule: Introducing a List: Description: Use a colon to introduce a list of items, explanations, or examples. Examples: The camping trip requires: a tent, sleeping bag, and cooking utensils. There are three key ingredients for the recipe: flour, sugar, and eggs. Bring the following to the meeting: your notes, laptop, and enthusiasm. Introducing an Explanation or Clarification: Description: Use a colon to introduce an explanation or clarification. Examples: The reason is simple: he forgot about the appointment. Here's the plan: we'll meet at the park, have a picnic, and play games. There's one thing you should know: the deadline has been extended. Separating Hours and Minutes in Time: Description: Use a colon to separate hours from minutes when expressing time. Examples: The flight departs at 6:45 AM. The webinar is scheduled for 2:30 PM. The movie starts at 7:15 PM. Introducing a Quotation: Description: Use a colon before a quotation, especially in more formal writing. Examples: The coach shared his mantra: "Practice makes perfect." The professor emphasized this point: "Research is the key to understanding." His motto was clear: "Never give up on your dreams." Separating a Title from a Subtitle: Description: Use a colon to separate the main title from a subtitle in book or article titles. Examples: "The Art of Cooking: Mastering Culinary Skills." "Exploring the Universe: A Guide to Astronomy." "Time Management: Strategies for Success." Separating Independent Clauses in Certain Situations: Description: Use a colon to separate independent clauses when the second clause explains or elaborates on the first. Examples: The challenge was daunting: complete the project in just one week. The goal was clear: improve customer satisfaction. The decision was unanimous: relocate the office to a larger space. In Ratios: Description: Use a colon to represent a ratio between two numbers. Examples: The ratio of red to blue marbles is 3:2. In the recipe, the ratio of flour to sugar is 2:1. The team's win-loss ratio is 4:1. Dash (two hyphens together) A dash is a punctuation mark that looks like a horizontal line. There are two primary types of dashes: the en dash (–) and the em dash (—). Here are rules for using dashes, both the en dash (–) and the em dash (—), with descriptions and three examples for each rule: En Dash (–): Indicating a Range: Description: Use an en dash to represent a range between two values. Examples: The meeting is scheduled for May 10–15. The store is open Monday–Friday. The temperature will be 20–25 degrees Celsius. Connecting Related Items: Description: Use an en dash to connect related items, such as in a compound adjective. Examples: The London–Paris flight is known for its efficiency. The New York–based company expanded globally. The Chicago–style pizza is famous for its deep-dish crust. Linking Connected Ideas: Description: Use an en dash to connect ideas that are closely related or linked. Examples: The project's design–implementation phase is critical. The morning–afternoon session will cover various topics. The teacher–student collaboration led to impressive results. Em Dash (—): Setting Off a Clause for Emphasis: Description: Use an em dash to set off a clause for emphasis or to draw attention to a specific part of the sentence. Examples: She was determined to finish the race—no matter the obstacles. The weather—unpredictable and stormy—forced the event indoors. His reaction—disbelief mixed with excitement—was priceless. Indicating an Abrupt Change in Thought: Description: Use an em dash to indicate an abrupt change or interruption in thought. Examples: The plan was foolproof—but things didn't go as expected. We were on our way to the beach—wait, did I forget the sunscreen? The decision, while difficult—had to be made for the greater good. Replacing Parentheses for Clarity: Description: Use an em dash to replace parentheses for a more abrupt or dramatic effect. Examples: The announcement—though unexpected—was well-received. The results—surprisingly positive—were a relief to everyone. The journey—long and challenging—was worth every moment. Comma A comma (,) is a punctuation mark used in written language to indicate a brief pause between different elements of a sentence. Commas have several functions, including separating items in a list, setting off introductory elements, indicating a pause between independent clauses in a compound sentence, and more. 10 rules for using commas with examples for each rule: Separating Items in a List: Description: Use commas to separate items in a list. Examples: We need to buy apples, oranges, and bananas. The essentials for camping include a tent, sleeping bag, and flashlight. She enjoys reading, hiking, and playing the guitar. Setting Off Introductory Elements: Description: Use a comma after introductory words, phrases, or clauses. Examples: After finishing her homework, Emily went for a walk. In the morning, we usually have a hearty breakfast. Despite the rain, they decided to go for a picnic. Separating Independent Clauses in a Compound Sentence: Description: Use a comma before the conjunction in a compound sentence. Examples: The sun was setting, and the moon was rising. She wanted to visit the museum, but it was closed. I enjoy hiking, and my brother loves fishing. Setting Off Non-Essential Information: Description: Use commas to set off non-essential or non-restrictive information in a sentence. Examples: My friend, who is a talented artist, painted a mural. The movie, directed by Steven Spielberg, won several awards. The scientist, known for groundbreaking research, published a new paper. Separating Coordinate Adjectives: Description: Use commas between coordinate adjectives (adjectives that equally modify the noun). Examples: It was a warm, sunny day. She wore a beautiful, flowing gown. They live in a cozy, little cottage. Indicating Direct Address: Description: Use commas to set off the name or title when directly addressing someone. Examples: Sarah, could you please pass the salt? Excuse me, Professor Johnson, may I ask a question? Hi, Mom, I'll be home for dinner. Separating Elements in Dates and Addresses: Description: Use commas to separate elements in dates and addresses. Examples: The meeting is scheduled for July 5, 2023. She lives at 456 Elm Street, Cityville, USA. We'll arrive on Monday, October 15, at 4:30 PM. Before a Conjunction in a Series: Description: Use a comma before the conjunction (and, or, nor) in a series of three or more items. Examples: She bought a book, a pen, and a notebook. The team needs to improve communication, collaboration, and efficiency. They can choose between hiking, biking, or swimming. After Quotations and Dialogue Tags: Description: Use a comma after quotations and before dialogue tags. Examples: "I'll be there," she promised. He said, "I can't believe it." "Let's go," shouted the captain. Between Adjective and Noun: Description: Use a comma between multiple adjectives when they modify the same noun. Examples: She wore a long, flowing dress. He described it as a dark, mysterious forest. The old, creaky door needed repair. Hyphen A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark used to join words, separate syllables, or link related items in a compound word. It is shorter than a dash and distinct from other punctuation marks. The primary uses of hyphens include: Joining Words in Compound Adjectives: Description: Use a hyphen to connect words that work together as a single adjective before a noun. Examples: a well-known author a three-year-old child a high-quality product Creating Compound Nouns: Description: Use a hyphen to combine words into a single noun, especially when expressing a single concept. Examples: mother-in-law runner-up editor-in-chief Linking Prefixes to Words: Description: Use a hyphen when a prefix is attached to a proper noun or when it might cause confusion without it. Examples: pre-existing condition anti-inflammatory medication post-war era Joining Numbers: Description: Use a hyphen when writing out numbers between twenty-one and ninety-nine and in other compound numbers. Examples: forty-five sixty-eight eighty-two Indicating a Range: Description: Use a hyphen to indicate a range between two values. Examples: pages 15-20 the years 1990-2000 9:00-5:00 working hours Expressing Time: Description: Use a hyphen when expressing time intervals. Examples: a 20-minute break a two-hour movie a 5-day workshop Separating Syllables: Description: Use a hyphen to separate syllables in words. Examples: hap-py pre-vent fan-tas-tic Avoiding Confusion: Description: Use a hyphen to avoid ambiguity or confusion. Examples: re-create (to create again) re-sign (to quit and then sign again) co-worker (as opposed to coworker) In Compound Verbs: Description: Use a hyphen in compound verbs to connect the words and clarify meaning. Examples: drop-kick snowball freeze-dry In Fractions: Description: Use a hyphen in spelled-out fractions. Examples: two-thirds three-fifths one-half Apostrophe An apostrophe (') is a punctuation mark used in written language to indicate the omission of letters (contractions) or to show possession (ownership). The primary uses of apostrophes include: Here are rules for using apostrophes with descriptions and three examples for each rule: Showing Possession (Singular): Description: Use an apostrophe and an "s" ('s) to indicate possession for singular nouns. Examples: The dog's collar is red. Mary's car is parked outside. The baby's blanket is soft. Showing Possession (Plural): Description: Use an apostrophe after the "s" (s') to indicate possession for plural nouns. Examples: The dogs' toys are scattered around the room. The students' assignments are due tomorrow. The cars' headlights are on. Contractions (Omission of Letters): Description: Use an apostrophe to indicate the omission of letters in contractions. Examples: I can't (cannot) believe it. He didn't (did not) receive the message. She won't (will not) be attending the meeting. Contractions in Informal Writing: Description: Use apostrophes in informal writing to represent colloquial contractions. Examples: I'm (I am) going to the store. You're (you are) welcome to join us. Let's (let us) have lunch together. Possession with Plural Nouns Ending in "s": Description: For plural nouns ending in "s," use an apostrophe after the "s" to indicate possession. Examples: The teachers' lounge is on the second floor. The Joneses' house is for sale. The students' desks are organized. Indicating Omission in Dates: Description: Use an apostrophe to indicate the omission of digits in informal references to decades or years. Examples: The class of '92 had a reunion. The music from the '60s is still popular. He grew up in the '80s. Italics Italic is a style of typeface in which the letters are slanted to the right. When text is in italics, the characters are usually slightly tilted or angled, creating a distinctive appearance. Italics are often used in written language for specific purposes, such as emphasis, titles of works, foreign words, and other instances where a distinct visual style is desired. Here are rules for using italics with descriptions and three examples for each rule: Emphasis: Description: Use italics to emphasize a word or phrase in a sentence. Examples: The party was amazing. She truly appreciated the gesture. I really need your help. Titles of Works (Books, Movies, TV Shows): Description: Italicize the titles of books, movies, TV shows, and other major works. Examples: We watched The Godfather last night. To Kill a Mockingbird is a classic novel. The TV series Stranger Things is popular. Foreign Words or Phrases: Description: Italicize foreign words or phrases that are not commonly used in English. Examples: The French word for "friend" is ami. In Italian, ciao means both "hello" and "goodbye." He ordered the croissant for breakfast. Scientific Names: Description: Italicize scientific names of species in biology. Examples: Canis lupus is the scientific name for the gray wolf. The monarch butterfly is known as Danaus plexippus. Humans are classified as Homo sapiens. In-Text Citations (Scholarly Writing): Description: Italicize titles of journals, books, or other complete works in scholarly writing. Examples: According to a study in the Journal of Psychology... The book The Art of War explores strategic principles. The article "Climate Change Impact" is a key reference. Introducing New Terms or Concepts: Description: Use italics when introducing a new term or concept for clarity. Examples: The term cognitive dissonance refers to... In chemistry, oxidation is the loss of electrons. He discussed the concept of zeitgeist in his presentation. Names of Ships and Aircraft: Description: Italicize the names of ships and aircraft. Examples: The Titanic sank in 1912. The aircraft carrier USS Nimitz is part of the fleet. The HMS Endeavour explored the Pacific Ocean. Poetry and Play Titles: Description: Italicize the titles of poems and plays. Examples: The poem The Road Not Taken is well-known. Shakespeare's play Macbeth is a tragedy. She recited The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe. Capitalization Capitalization is the use of capital (uppercase) and lowercase letters in writing. It involves using uppercase letters for the first letter of a sentence and proper nouns while using lowercase letters for general words and the remaining letters. Capitalization serves several purposes, including indicating the beginning of a sentence, highlighting proper nouns, and adhering to grammatical conventions. Here are some key aspects of capitalization: Here are 20 rules of CAPITALIZATION with descriptions and three examples for each rule: Sentence Start: Description: Capitalize the first letter of the first word in a sentence. Examples: The sun is shining brightly. Yesterday, I went to the beach. In the evening, we'll have a barbecue. Proper Nouns: Description: Capitalize the first letter of proper nouns, which are specific names of people, places, and things. Examples: We visited Central Park in New York. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. Her favorite author is J.K. Rowling. Names of People: Description: Capitalize the first letter of each word in a person's name. Examples: John Smith is our new neighbor. Alice Johnson is a talented musician. Professor Lisa Carter teaches biology. Names of Places: Description: Capitalize the first letter of each word in the name of a specific place. Examples: We traveled to Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. The Louvre Museum in Paris is famous for its art collection. The White House is located in Washington, D.C. Names of Countries: Description: Capitalize the first letter of each word in the name of a country. Examples: Canada is known for its beautiful landscapes. Australia is a continent and a country. We visited South Africa last summer. Titles of Books, Movies, and Works of Art: Description: Capitalize the first letter of each major word in titles. Examples: I enjoyed reading The Great Gatsby. Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope is a classic movie. Mona Lisa is a famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci. Days of the Week: Description: Capitalize the names of days of the week. Examples: We have a meeting on Monday. Wednesday is the middle of the workweek. We are planning a trip for Saturday. Months of the Year: Description: Capitalize the names of months. Examples: My birthday is in June. We'll start the project in September. December is a festive month. Holidays: Description: Capitalize the names of holidays. Examples: We celebrate Christmas with family. Independence Day is on July 4th. Easter is a spring holiday. Titles and Headings: Description: Capitalize the major words in titles and headings. Examples: The Importance of Education in Society. Effective Communication Skills for Success. A Guide to Healthy Living. Abbreviations and Acronyms: Description: Capitalize all the letters in abbreviations and acronyms. Examples: NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) USA (United States of America) FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) Brand Names: Description: Capitalize the names of specific brands. Examples: Coca-Cola is a popular beverage. Nike is known for its athletic products. I love using Apple products. Historical Events: Description: Capitalize the names of historical events. Examples: The Renaissance had a significant impact on art. The Great Depression affected many lives. We studied The American Revolution in history class. Personifications: Description: Capitalize words representing a personification or embodiment. Examples: Wisdom guided Her through challenges. Mother Nature is unpredictable. We personify time as Father Time. Major Words in a Quotation: Description: Capitalize major words in a quotation if it's a complete sentence. Examples: He said, "Life is about Learning and Growing." The motto is, "In Unity and Strength, we find success." "To be or not to be, that is the Question." Important Words in a List: Description: Capitalize important words in a list. Examples: The recipe requires flour, sugar, and Eggs. The checklist includes paper, pens, and a Notebook. He bought a shirt, tie, and Shoes for the event. Religious Texts and Deities: Description: Capitalize the names of religious texts, figures, and deities. Examples: The Bible is a central text in Christianity. Allah is the Arabic word for God in Islam. Hinduism has many sacred scriptures. Legal Documents and Terms: Description: Capitalize words in legal documents and terms. Examples: The document is a Power of Attorney. The case involves issues of Negligence. We need to sign a Lease Agreement. Course Names and Subjects: Description: Capitalize the names of courses and academic subjects. Examples: I'm taking a course in Computer Science. The seminar covers topics in Environmental Studies. She majored in Psychology. Geographic Regions: Description: Capitalize the names of geographic regions. Examples: The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert. We traveled through The Rocky Mountains. The Arctic Circle experiences extreme cold. Punctuation and Capitali zation Worksheets Worksheet- 1.1 identify and correct any errors in punctuation and capitalization. Each sentence may contain one or more mistakes. yesterday, i visited the museum of natural history. have you read the novel to kill a mockingbird? our next meeting is scheduled for monday, may 15th, at 2:30 pm. the eiffel tower in paris, france is a famous landmark. i can't believe it's already december! the conference will take place in room a-103 on the first floor. did you see the film, the shawshank redemption? we need to buy milk, eggs, and bread from the grocery store. the weather forecast predicts rain tomorrow, so bring an umbrella. the united nations headquarters is located in new york city. jessica, my friend, is a talented musician. our company's annual report is due on january 31st. can you please pass the salt and pepper? the dog's collar is red, and the cat's collar is blue. on saturdays, we usually go hiking in the mountains. my father, john, is an architect. the class of 2023 is organizing a charity event. he asked, "what time is the meeting tomorrow?" the experiment will be conducted on monday and tuesday. sheila and tom, our neighbors, are moving to california. have you seen the new movie, black panther? the presentation is on artificial intelligence, and it starts at 3 pm. the grand canyon is located in arizona, usa. the group will meet at the park on wednesday at 10:00 am. the book "the catcher in the rye" was written by j.d. salinger. do you remember the summer of '69? the ceo, mrs. anderson, will give a speech at the conference. our flight to london is on monday, june 20th. the great wall of china is an ancient wonder. the professor asked, "did everyone understand the assignment?" my brother and sister will join us for dinner on sunday. the american civil war took place from 1861 to 1865. i can't wait to see the exhibit at the smithsonian museum. the new restaurant, "taste of italy," opens next week. january and february are the coldest months of the year. the company's headquarters is in downtown chicago. the play "hamlet" by william shakespeare is a tragedy. we're going to celebrate new year's eve at the beach. the president of the united states lives in the white house. the three main colors of the flag are red, white, and blue. my favorite season is autumn because of the colorful leaves. the meeting is on monday, march 10th, at 9:00 am. the train to boston departs at 3:45 pm from platform 5. our team, the dolphins, won the championship last year. have you visited the louvre museum in paris, france? the company's website is www.example.com . "where are you going?" she asked. the course "introduction to psychology" starts on september 1st. the software engineer, dr. liu, specializes in artificial intelligence. we'll be attending the conference in london, england, next month. Answer Yesterday, I visited the Museum of Natural History. Have you read the novel To Kill a Mockingbird? Our next meeting is scheduled for Monday, May 15th, at 2:30 pm. The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, is a famous landmark. I can't believe it's already December! The conference will take place in Room A-103 on the first floor. Did you see the film, The Shawshank Redemption? We need to buy milk, eggs, and bread from the grocery store. The weather forecast predicts rain tomorrow, so bring an umbrella. The United Nations Headquarters is located in New York City. Jessica, my friend, is a talented musician. Our company's annual report is due on January 31st. Can you please pass the salt and pepper? The dog's collar is red, and the cat's collar is blue. On Saturdays, we usually go hiking in the mountains. My father, John, is an architect. The class of 2023 is organizing a charity event. He asked, "What time is the meeting tomorrow?" The experiment will be conducted on Monday and Tuesday. Sheila and Tom, our neighbors, are moving to California. Have you seen the new movie, Black Panther? The presentation is on artificial intelligence, and it starts at 3 pm. The Grand Canyon is located in Arizona, USA. The group will meet at the park on Wednesday at 10:00 am. The book "The Catcher in the Rye" was written by J.D. Salinger. Do you remember the summer of '69? The CEO, Mrs. Anderson, will give a speech at the conference. Our flight to London is on Monday, June 20th. The Great Wall of China is an ancient wonder. The professor asked, "Did everyone understand the assignment?" My brother and sister will join us for dinner on Sunday. The American Civil War took place from 1861 to 1865. I can't wait to see the exhibit at the Smithsonian Museum. The new restaurant, "Taste of Italy," opens next week. January and February are the coldest months of the year. The company's headquarters is in downtown Chicago. The play "Hamlet" by William Shakespeare is a tragedy. We're going to celebrate New Year's Eve at the beach. The President of the United States lives in the White House. The three main colors of the flag are red, white, and blue. My favorite season is autumn because of the colorful leaves. The meeting is on Monday, March 10th, at 9:00 am. The train to Boston departs at 3:45 pm from Platform 5. Our team, the Dolphins, won the championship last year. Have you visited the Louvre Museum in Paris, France? The company's website is www.example.com . "Where are you going?" she asked. The course "Introduction to Psychology" starts on September 1st. The software engineer, Dr. Liu, specializes in artificial intelligence. We'll be attending the conference in London, England, next month. Worksheet- 1.2 Identify and correct any errors in punctuation and capitalization. Each sentence may contain one or more mistakes. the first question is, what is your favorite hobby. in my opinion, climate change is a significant global issue. i visited the museum of modern art in london, it was amazing. many people believe that technology has both positive and negative impacts. the capital city of canada is ottawa. she asked, "how do you feel about online education?" my dream vacation is to explore the ancient ruins of machu picchu. the interview is scheduled for tuesday, june 5th at 2 pm. we need to discuss the upcoming project during the meeting. in conclusion, i believe that renewable energy is crucial for the future. my sister, jenny, is studying economics at harvard university. the traffic in big cities can be very challenging during rush hours. i read an interesting article about artificial intelligence yesterday. it's essential to have a balanced diet and regular exercise. the population of china is over 1.4 billion people. the advantages of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages. the festival will take place in the park on saturday, july 15th. the global economy has been affected by the recent pandemic. have you ever traveled to a country with a different culture? the government should invest more in public transportation. the essay should be submitted by friday, may 31st, at the latest. he explained, "learning a second language is beneficial for cognitive development." the amazon rainforest is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species. the impact of social media on society is a widely debated topic. my parents, who are both doctors, work at the local hospital. the cost of living in urban areas is generally higher than in rural areas. "what are the main challenges of urbanization?" the professor asked. my favorite genre of music is classical, particularly mozart and beethoven. the unemployment rate has risen due to the economic downturn. she is planning to pursue a master's degree in environmental science. in my experience, studying abroad enhances cultural awareness. the benefits of exercise extend beyond physical health to mental well-being. the technology industry plays a crucial role in shaping the future. "where do you see yourself in five years?" the interviewer inquired. she enjoys hiking, camping, and bird watching in her free time. the government needs to address issues related to air pollution urgently. my favorite childhood memory is going on road trips with my family. the cultural diversity in large cities is a unique aspect of urban life. the teacher emphasized the importance of effective communication skills. the results of the experiment will be presented at the conference next month. the company's goal is to promote sustainability in all its operations. i believe that education should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their socio-economic background. the impact of social media on interpersonal relationships is a topic of ongoing research. "why do you want to study in the uk?" the admissions officer asked. the invention of the internet has revolutionized the way we communicate. my favorite novel is "pride and prejudice" by jane austen. the government should implement stricter regulations to address environmental pollution. the concept of artificial intelligence has been explored in various science fiction movies. the diversity of wildlife in the amazon rainforest is under threat due to deforestation. the importance of soft skills, such as teamwork and communication, cannot be overstated in the workplace. Answer The first question is, "What is your favorite hobby?" In my opinion, climate change is a significant global issue. I visited the Museum of Modern Art in London; it was amazing. Many people believe that technology has both positive and negative impacts. The capital city of Canada is Ottawa. She asked, "How do you feel about online education?" My dream vacation is to explore the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu. The interview is scheduled for Tuesday, June 5th, at 2 pm. We need to discuss the upcoming project during the meeting. In conclusion, I believe that renewable energy is crucial for the future. My sister, Jenny, is studying economics at Harvard University. The traffic in big cities can be very challenging during rush hours. I read an interesting article about artificial intelligence yesterday. It's essential to have a balanced diet and regular exercise. The population of China is over 1.4 billion people. The advantages of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages. The festival will take place in the park on Saturday, July 15th. The global economy has been affected by the recent pandemic. Have you ever traveled to a country with a different culture? The government should invest more in public transportation. The essay should be submitted by Friday, May 31st, at the latest. He explained, "Learning a second language is beneficial for cognitive development." The Amazon Rainforest is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species. The impact of social media on society is a widely debated topic. My parents, who are both doctors, work at the local hospital. The cost of living in urban areas is generally higher than in rural areas. "What are the main challenges of urbanization?" the professor asked. My favorite genre of music is classical, particularly Mozart and Beethoven. The unemployment rate has risen due to the economic downturn. She is planning to pursue a master's degree in environmental science. In my experience, studying abroad enhances cultural awareness. The benefits of exercise extend beyond physical health to mental well-being. The technology industry plays a crucial role in shaping the future. "Where do you see yourself in five years?" the interviewer inquired. She enjoys hiking, camping, and bird-watching in her free time. The government needs to address issues related to air pollution urgently. My favorite childhood memory is going on road trips with my family. The cultural diversity in large cities is a unique aspect of urban life. The teacher emphasized the importance of effective communication skills. The results of the experiment will be presented at the conference next month. The company's goal is to promote sustainability in all its operations. I believe that education should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their socio-economic background. The impact of social media on interpersonal relationships is a topic of ongoing research. "Why do you want to study in the UK?" the admissions officer asked. The invention of the internet has revolutionized the way we communicate. My favorite novel is "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen. The government should implement stricter regulations to address environmental pollution. The concept of artificial intelligence has been explored in various science fiction movies. The diversity of wildlife in the Amazon Rainforest is under threat due to deforestation. The importance of soft skills, such as teamwork and communication, cannot be overstated in the workplace. Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-2.1 Question: Rewrite using capital letters and punctuation marks. 1. fill in the form please 2. bangladesh was liberated on december 16 1971 3. in the evening my mother watches tv 4. how can I help ms sufia 5. yes i think youre right 6. hallow how are you 7. did you play in the rain sabera 8. mita cut the rope with the scissors please 9. its so beautiful im so happy 10. she works standing all the time and serves the customers 11. she often gets tired after work but she does not mind 12. she meets new people everyday 13. she finds her job interesting 14. aladin said bring us some food 15. the children say eidmubarak to each other 16. nahid sir says if you want to learn English you should speak english 17. be careful razu dont drop the picture 18. adnan reached home and shouted mother mother come out with a light 19. meanwhile the bell rings 20. after i give you the testpaper look at it carefully 21. don’t look at anyone elses paper 22. so jamila doesn’t have to wait at the same time everyday 23. whats your complaint sabera 24. she teaches us English 25. yes I mailed it ms huq 26. did you send the letter 27. be careful raju 28. my grandfather is sixty five 29. after some time the man woke up 30. yes teacher the cuckoo 31. can you name a seasonal bird bina 32. hands on clocks and gloves and shoes 33. the cap-seller could not believe his eyes 34. what did the doctor say 35. yes of course lets go 36. in the afternoon she generally goes there by rickshaw or baby taxi 37. she doesnt like to wait at the midday heat 38. is anything serious doctor 39. not really she has a cold and a fever 40. would you give me shahids phone number please 41. look the sky is cloudy. 42. oh yes but shamim hasn’t come yet 43. but its already late its 8 oclock now 44. a lion has mane but a lioness hasn’t 45. when do we use a hyphen teacher 46. what would you like to have lima on your birthday 47. its main crops are rice jute sugarcane and tea 48.the annual sports of our school is on saturday january 10 49. i will take my scholarship examination on december 15 2009 50. helal was born on january 21 1979 in jessore 51. well i think its going to rain today 52. so aladin said please sir pull me up first 53. esha started crying for her father oh I want to see my father 54. ms shiny did you send the letter to the doctor 55. thank you shormy for your help 56. please akash hold this picture for me 57. our classteachers name is mr harun 58. ms fatema babu has prepared many things for eid 59. well its fun when it rains 60. but we have to stay indoor 61. come lets think of something we can do 62. you see ive invented a new game 63. words like yes no or well are called introductory words when they begin a sentence 64. when we say an introductory word we usually pause slightly 65. in writing this slight pause is shown with a comma 66. the royal bengal tiger lives in the sundarbans 67. the sundarbans rangamati and cox’s bazar are very attractive 68. the main rivers are the padma the meghna the jamuna and the karnaphuli 69. she called lima by name 70. its a dash teacher 71. so one day mr hafizuddin takes him to dhanmondi 72. rima do you know this bird in the picture 73. were fine thank you 74. how are you teacher 75. anyway i miss you all very much 76. im sorry dear you shouldnt eat anything today 77. im going to new market 78. hello im fine thank you 79. is anything serious doctor 80. not really she has a cold and fever 81. on other days she works in the second shift 82. she could understand her students curiosity 83. right very good 84. now we will talk about some common birds of bangladesh 85. which of them do you think is the most common tashik 86. think its the crow 87. whats this short line called 88. i love homemade cake 89. kazal was writing a story about a handsome person 90. i think i would like to have a bird that talks 91. she called her mimi 92. she liked to be near lima 93. no he isnt he is bangladeshi 94. shihabs sister nafisa has fasted for 20 days 95. shihab and nafisas favourite dish is firni 96. shihabs father mr sajjad hossain is going to eidgah too 97. so he tried to forget the idea of an imaginary ghost 98. she said dear what happened to you 99. today is eid day 100. today is friday Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-3.1 Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. 1. father goes to office at 7 a m everyday he gets up one hour earlier he spends this one hour for preparation father remains at the office for the whole day 2. the quran is our holy book every muslim should know how to read the quran this book is our guide and teacher if we follow this book we must shine in life 3. mother starts cooking in the morning and finishes it by 9 a m i go to school at 10 a m mother wants to be sure so that i never become late in school i am happy that i never become late in school 4. brother bought a new car last month i like to travel by a car it is only the rich who can buy a car the price of a car is going up day by day 5. he reads in class 8 his school stands by the side of a river the headmaster of his school is a very kind person he never punishes students 6. man is mortal death must come at the right time we cannot avoid death death is the end of life 7. the rich are not always happy on the other hand the poor are not always unhappy we should not hate the poor a poor man may be an honest man but a rich man may be a dishonest man 8. the park is beautiful but dirty everybody likes to go there it is a new park we should keep it clean 9. the chairman of our union parishad is an honest man he leads a very simple life everyday he hoes out to meet the people become people become happy when they het him among them 10. he will come after sometime he always comes here to play with us he is fond of playing cricket whenever he gets time, he watches cricket on television 11. when do you go to school when does your class start when do you come back from school when do you do your homework 12. i get up early in the morning then i walk for an hour walking is my regular exercise exercise is very useful to everybody 13. the sun rises in the east and sets in the west we get light from the sun the sun is many times larger than the earth it looks round in shape 14. an honest man always speaks the truth people respect him for his honesty a dishonest man always tells a lie we should try to be honest. 15. mother told me a story the story was interesting i listened to the story attentively but i forgot everything now i am trying to remember the story 16. he never goes to school he is an idiot he never passes any examination teachers do not like him 17. he goes to the riverside every evening he walks there for half an hour he takes much interest in walking by the riverside an evening walk by the riverside is useful for health 18. he said that he would come again he always does whatever he tells he never breaks his promise a gentleman always does so 19. he was not present in the class yesterday he often does so but it was not the case before once upon a time he was very irregular in going to the class we should tell him to stop this bad practice 20. mr khan is a learned person he comes of a gentle family he joined our school two months ago he is very popular with the students and also teaches well 21. all children should go to school parents should advise them to go to school children are the future of our country we should be proud of our children 22. one day i went to market with my father father bought a lot of items i became very happy as i did not go to market before i remember the day till now 23. the color of the mangoes is red these mangoes are very sweet and juicy we have many mango trees around our house the mango is a seasonal fruit but it is not our national fruit 24. he glass is full of water no animal can live without water water has no color or taste as we cannot live without water we should keep it safe for drinking 25. it does not rain much during the winter season so the winter season appears to be a dry season people suffer from different cold-related diseases in this season i like this season more than any other season Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-3.2 Re-write using capital letters and punctuation marks. 1. there is a grocery on the first floor bookshops are on the second and third floors there are banks on the fourth fifth and sixth floors there are libraries on the seventh eights and ninth floors 2. my mothers name is mrs ayesha khanam she is 55 years old she is an ssc she teaches in a primary school in barisal after school hours she works at home 3. oneday mr hafizuddin came home early from the office he said to shihab today ill take you to see the mohakhali flyover on his way to mohakhali shihab was thinking what a flyover could be 4. ashif come to our house after prayer all of us will have food together says mrs fatema banu thank you ill come and eat with you after that we will go to the eid fair says ashif 5. nobody could tell the time because the long and the small hands are not at the same place mrs. asma haque smiles and says dont worry students look at the following clocks and tell the time 6. the cap seller was surprised he looked for the caps then he heard some sound above his head he looked up he could not believe his eyes the monkeys were wearing the caps 7. jamila always goes to work by bus in the morning the bus stops just outside the store in the afternoon she generally goes there by rickshaw or baby taxi she doesn’t like to wait at the bus stop in the midday heat. Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-4.0 SSC Examination-2020 all board Question 1. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.[Rajshahi Board-2020] arent you going to have any said i no i never eat asparagus i know there are people who dont like them the fact is that you ruin your palate by all the meat you eat she said. 2. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Sylhet Board-2020] the teacher said to the girl do you think that honesty is the best policy yes sir i think so said the girl then learn to be honest from your childhood thank you sir said the girl may allah to bless you said the teacher 3. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Barishal Board-2020] do not worry about a few mistakes said the teacher you can learn a lot through your mistakes do we learn from our mistakes asked the boy. 4. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Chattogram Board-2020] how is your father bilkis said mr rahman he is very well thank you bilkis replied i am glad to hear that he is in good health said mr rahman 5. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Dinajpur Board-2020] hello old lady what are you doing said the princess i am spinning a yarn around the spindle replied the old woman 6. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Mymensingh Board-2020] would you please tell me one reason of air pollution yes the smoke from our household activities vehicles factories etc is mainly causing air pollution SSC Examination-2019 all board Question 7. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dhaka Board-2019] have you heard the name of alexander asked mr ahmed no sir razu replied how strange it is said he will you tell me about alexander please well he was the great king of macedonia 8. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Rajshahi Board-2019] go to bed now mother said you can complete your assignment in the morning no mom ill finish it now 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Cumilla Board-2019] why ard you late always try to attend the class regularly yes sir the student said to the teacher 10. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Jashore Board-2019] zaman can you tell me what i am teaching the teacher asked im sorry sir i can't follow replied zaman you can't because you are not attentive the teacher said 11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Barishal Board-2019] don't you have any relative here to stay with no sir so i need a transfer certificate to be admitted there 12. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary: [Chattogram Board-2019] do you know me yes i know you from my childhood whats your name my name is sumon thank you a lot said mr jamal 13. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dinajpur Board-2019] stop you are eating all our bread shouted the two rats I M not doing My best but I have told you. that its difficult said the monkey give us that little Piece said the rats this is My Piece havent I laboured a lot for you replied the Monkey how foolish we are believing you said the two rats SSC Examination-2018 all board Question 14. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [SSC Exam-2018] whats your programme after the examination asked ratul nabil said i havent yet decided can you suggest any lets go on a picnic said ratul what an excellent idea SSC Examination-2017 all board Question 15. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dhaka Board-2017] in a certain school a student, once found a one hundred taka note in the play ground he took it to his teacher what shall i do with it asked the teacher 16. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Rajshahi Board-2017] the teacher said to me dont you like to practise english its an important subject and you should be more careful about it 17. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.[Cumilla Board-2017] how daring you are to wake me up the lion roared i shall kill you for that please let me go the mouse cried i did not mean to wake you up 18. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Jashore Board-2017] my sons listen to me said rahman an old farmer a great treasure lies hidden in the land there i am going to leave it for you the sons asked how shall we find it 19. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text. [Sylhet Board-2017] why don't you attend classes regularly the teacher said to the boy you cannot expect good résult unless you attend classes be regular in class. 20. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Barisal Board-2017] oh my lord please dont kill the child said the first woman to the king solomon let her have it king solomon said to them now everything is clear to me pointing the first woman he said to the servant give her the child she is the mother of the baby. 21. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Chattogram Board-2017] thomas alva edison a great scientist was born in 1847 in ohio america as a little boy he was very inquisitive he always wanted to know how things were done very early in life he showed that he was full of curiosity a quality which is so important to inventors. 22. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dinajpur Board-2017] why are you putting up the food in your pocket why don't you eat asked the noble man i am doing the right thing replied sheikh saadi SSC Examination-2016 all board Question 23. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dhaka Board-2016] the lion roared how dare you wake me up ill kill you the mouse cried please let me go i didn't mean to wake you up 24. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Rajshahi Board-2016; Sylhet Board-2019] who are jolly those who have. sound health are jolly sound mind lies in sound body minds become jolly when our life is filled with pleasure. 25. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the text below: [Cumilla Board-2016; Jashore Board-2020] my dear mother your letter is just to hand it seems to me that you are anxious for me why you need not think about me 26. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Jashore Board-2016] give me a few grains of corns i am dying of hunger said the grasshopper but what did you do in the summer didn't you store any grain the ant remarked to i was too busy in singing. 27. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Sylhet Board-2016] are you ill he said coldly no i said then why are you sitting when all others are working go out at once and give them a hand 28. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Barishal Board-2016] i was born in a village near tangail a small river flows beside the village the villagers bathe in the river and catch fish how happy they are what they want is peace 29. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Chattogram Board-2016] did people use stamps in those days asked rafiq yes answered mr jamal the first stamps were used in 1840 are they easy to get now asked rafiq they are very difficult to get his uncle replied 30. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Dinajpur Board-2016] after supper when I began to set out lucy trembled in fear and said alfred dear are you quite sure that the letter really came from your chief I laughed told her not to be afraid and hurried out of the room and walked down the street. SSC Examination-2015 all board Question 31. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.[Dhaka Board-2015] the man said to me where are you going i am going to school said i did you go to school yesterday no i replied why didn't you go i was very busy said i 32. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text:[Rajshahi Board-2015] the teacher said to the boy where are you going now i am going to school said the boy did you go to school yesterday no the boy replied why did you not go i was suffering from fever said the boy 33. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Cumilla Board-2015] robert bruce the king of scotland was defeated at a war and failed to regain his country's freedom several times naturally he was in a very dejected mood sitting in his hide out he lost himself in deep thought. 34. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text:[Jashore Board-2015] the king said what harm did I do then that you should seek to take my life with your own hand you killed my father and my two brothers the young man replied. 35. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Sylhet Board-2015; Dhaka Board-2020] why are you going to barisal said father i want to buy some important books said saad do you need money yes father don't go alone as time is not going well. 36. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Barisal Board-2015] once my mother said to me who came to you my friend Rafiq mom she asked what did he want i said his mother is ill he needs some money i have given him five hundred taka my mother said wonderful. 37. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text: [Chattogram Board-2015] bangladesh is a small country with a population of about sixteen crores she can hardly make headway so we should work hard to keep pace with the rest of the world 38. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text:[Dinajpur Board-2015; Cumilla Board-2020] is there anybody here who has ever crossed a river by a boat i have teacher i clearly remember what happened in that journey said Jamal. Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-4.1 Rewrite the following passage using capitalization and punctuation 1. my friend said to me why are you sitting alone in your room at this hour dont you see that the sky has cleared let us go for a walk in the open field 2. what are you whispering about said the eldest of the sisters mistress said the porter rising to his feet my friends desire to know the history of the two black bitches and why you whipped them and kissed them 3. kamal dont be so silly he will come soon told anis we need not wait for him he failed his words replied kamal 4. why dont you attend classes regularly the teacher said to the boy you can not expect good results unless you attend classes as i tell you 5. arent you going to attend your english class neville shahmima asked no im going to the library to borrow books oh then youre going to borrow during class hours she said 6. he said to me i am very sorry to trouble you but i shall be much obliged if you will kindly lend me your dictionary I am very glad to be of service to you and you are welcome to any of my books that you think of use to you 7. the headmaster said to the boy why are you late today you should attend school in time remember punctuality is essential in every walk of life I think you will not be late on any other day go to your class i wish your success may god bless you 8. zaman can you tell me what i am teaching the teacher asked im sorry sir i cant follow replied zaman you cant because you are not attentive the teacher said 9. 1 have just one word to say to you said the dealer either make your purchase or walk out of my shop thank you said the customer i am leaving your shop 10. kamal said to rana where did you go yesterday i went to your house but did not find you anyway how are you I am keeping fine said rana what about you why did you come was there any urgent piece of business 11. the old man said can you give me some food ive been starving for two days the maid said why do you beg cant you work 12. i came to dhaka this morning I sent you a telegram before starting from home he said did you receive it in time he asked no I replied 13. i have one word to say to you said the dealer either make your purchase or walk out of my shop thank you said the customer i am leaving your shop 14. are you hungry friends said the shrewd king ill be your leader and take you to the granaries where the selfish rich store the golden grains Punctuation and Capitalization Worksheet-5.0 HSC Examination-2019 all board question questions 1. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Dhaka Board-2019] Student: Excuse me sir I want to discuss with you some grammatical problems. Teacher: What class are you in Student: Sir I am in class XI, I am a newly admitted student here. Teacher: Okay tell me your problems Student: I want to understand the difference between a phrase and a clause. Teacher: Don’t worry. Ill help you understand the difference. 2. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Rajshahi Board-2019] You’ve cut off your hair, asked Jim, laboriously as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labour. Cut it off and sold it, said Della. Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow Im me without my hair ain’t I Jim looked about the room curiously. You say your hair is gone he said with an air almost of idiocy. 3. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Cumilla Board-2019] Sajid: Hurrah weve won the match. Sifat: What match Sajid Sajid: The football match between your school. team and our school team. Sifat: Oh my Almighty! How did it happen? Sajid: We won by 3 goals to one (1); Sifat: I thought our team was better than yours. Sajid: The result shows who is better. Sifat: Anyway, well do better next year. Sajid: Best of luck sifat. 4. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Jashore Board-2019] Jerry: I can chop some wood today. Writer: But Ive a boy coming from the orphanage. Jerry: Im the boy Writer: You But youre very small in size. Jerry: Size doesn’t matter chopping wood. Some of the big boys don’t chop well. Ive been chopping wood for a long time Writer: Very well theres the axe. Go ahead see what you can do 5. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Sylhet Board-2019] The traveller said to the peasant “Can you tell me the way to the nearest inn” The peasant said “Yes I can Do you want one in which you can spend the night” The traveller said, “I don’t wish to stay there I only want a meal” Follow me and I will take you to a nice one. 6. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Chattogram Board-2019] Student: Excuse me sir. May i come in? Teacher: yes come in. Student: Thank you sir. Teacher: What can i do for you. Student: Would you kindly make me clear about the use, of this punctuation mark. Teacher: Didnt you attend my class yesterday? Student: No sir. i did not come. 7. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Barishal Board-2019] Mosharrof Hossain Khan Chowdhury University College, Brahmanpara, Cumilla-2017 While I was going to market yesterday I met a boy begging in the street. On being asked to tell the reason for begging the boy with a sad mind and tearful eyes said oh sir I have a sad tale to tell you would you please hear my story. Yes, I would love to I said to him. Instead of telling the story, the boy simply began to cry. 8. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Dinajpur Board-2019] Hasan: Can you tell me a little about Dhaka Hasib: Sure what would you like to know Hasan: Well whats a good time to visit there? Hasib: I think you can visit in winter. Hasan: Good and what should I see there Hasib: Well you can visit Sonargaon Folk Art Museum and you can see the handicrafts. But you must not leave Dhaka without visiting the Lalbagh Fort. Hasan: Anything else. Hasib: Oh yes if you have time you may visit Ahsan Manjil. You could have an excellent experience of Mughal and British architecture. HSC Examination-2018 all board question questions 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Combined Board Exam Kh Set-18] One day while going to college I met an old man who had nothing of his own having seen me he began to cry but could not as he was too weak to cry feeling a great pity for him I wanted to know about him what led him to this miserable condition so I started asking him questions. 10. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Combined Board Exam Kha Set-18] Bindu: do you read a newspaper regularly Hema. Hema: Yes I do. What about you. Bindu: To tell you frankly I do not read a newspaper regularly. Hema: Why you get enough time. Bindu: I do but I do not like it. Moreover I think it is a wastage of time. Hema: Strange why do you think so. HSC Examination-2017 all board question questions 11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Dhaka Board-2017] Abid: We are about to finish our H.S.C examination Are you thinking about your future Hasib: Yes, what about you Abid: I want to pursue higher education what are your plans Hasib: I rather follow some vocational courses to make my career Abid: Really have you thought of any particular vocation Hasib: Yes, I would like to join the Fashion Design course This career has a prospect these days Abia: Is it suitable for boys Hasib: Why not Boys are as good as girls in many professions now- days Whats your future plan Abid: I would like to go for teaching Hasib: It’s a good profession for a studious boy like you 12. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Rajshahi Board-2017] “I’m not in the least hungry,” my guest sighed “but if you insist I don’t mind having some asparagus.” I ordered them. “Aren’t you going to have any” “No I never eat asparagus.” “I know there are people who don’t like them. The fact is you ruin your palate by all the meat you eat.” “Coffee” I said “Yes, just an ice cream and coffee” she answered. 13. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Cumilla Board-2017; Dinajpur Board-2016] how is your father rana said mr karim he is very well thank you replied rana i am glad to hear that he is in good health said mr karim. 14. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Jashore Board-2017; Sylhet Board-2016] Tourist: How old is the edifice guide Guide: Madame its a 15th century edifice Tourist: What a wonderful edifice it is Guide. It was built by Akbar the then emperor of India. Tourist: Oh! I see Guide: Madame we should move now. The sun is about to set. It would be dark soon. Tourist: Isnt the place safe? Guide: It is. But the security does not allow anybody after sunset. 15. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Chattogram Board-2017] Son: Did you keep a diary during the liberation war Father: Yes I did. Son: Can I have a look at it? Father: I’m afraid, Ive lost it. Son: Can you remember anything about it Father: Yes, I remember one event there were lots of sounds and bangs outside one night. You wanted to look out but we didn’t let you. Son: Why Father: Because it was very dangerous. You were only four years old then Son: I can’t remember anything. Father: Its natural. No one can remember all from early childhood. 16. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Sylhet Board-2017] Entering the study my elder brother looked around and burst out in disgust. How dirty you have made the room! Why do you use it if you cant keep it tidy I said, i am extremely sorry I have been a nuisance in future youll never see the room in such a bad condition I promise. 17. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Barishal Board-2017] Myself: Good morning Rana. How are you? Rana: I am so so and you Myself: I am. well. But why aren’t you completely well. Rana: In every examination I’m cutting a sorry figure. Myself: Whats the reason? Dont you utilize your time properly? Rana: I spend most of the time in watching TV. Myself: Recreation is necessary. But spending too much time on this has no good side. Rana: I don’t feel bored in watching TV. Myself: But as a student, you should study more and more. Rana: Thank you for your good advice. Myself: Welcome. 18. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Dinajpur Board-2017] Aryan: Do you read a newspaper regularly Farhan Farhan: Yes I do. What’s about you Aryan: To tell you frankly I do not read a newspaper regularly. Farhan: Why you get enough time during the break in the college. Aryan: Yes I do get but I do not like. Moreover I think it is a wastage of time. Farhan: Remember newspaper is called the ‘storehouse’ of knowledge. The more you will read a newspaper the more you will learn. Aryan: Then, from today, I will start reading a newspaper Farhan: Yes, that’s like a good friend. HSC Examination-2016 all board question questions 19. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Dhaka Board-2016] A: Whats solar energy? B: Its one of the renewable energy sources. A: Why is it called green energy? B: Well its green energy because it helps us keep the earth green I mean it doesn’t emit any pollutant in the atmosphere when we produce and use it. A: I see then it must be a clean source of energy. B: Exactly. And that’s why its also called clean energy. 20. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Rajshahi Board-2016] Husband: Cant you cook food properly Wife: I cook food properly the problem is with you. Husband: Really these foods are crap they taste pathetic. Wife: I spend time in the kitchen from morning till afternoon. I work hard. I take care of two children at home. What do you do? Husband: I work hard and earn money that you spend lavishly. Wife: How dare you say that. Husband: Well that is the truth 21. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Cumilla Board-2016] Arif: Hello How are you Zakia? Zakia: Fine. What about you de motor Arif: Well I was a bit sick. Zakia: Really What happened stomach Arif: Stomach upset. I had outside food. It troubles my stomach. Zakia: That’s why I always try to avoid outside food they are unhygienic. Arif: I’m not going to have it anymore. Zakia: Anyway, you take care bye. Arif: Bye. 22. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts.[Jashore Board-2016] Nazmul: Excuse me where is the nearest hospital Arafat: Its about 2 kilometres from here. You will have to hire a taxi You can also go by bus Nazmul: I see Is there a bus station near here Arafat: Yes there is a bus stop at the corner. Nazmul: Thank you. Arafat: Dont mention it 23. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Chattogram Board-2016] “Good Morning where are you going” said the merchant. I was just coming to see you said the youth. “What do you want” “Please help me to earn my bread by the labour of my hands. “Do you really want work!” said the merchant. yes if you have any.” “Then follow me and carry the box from the shop to my house.” “By Allah I’m really grateful to you.” said the youth. 24. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. [Barishal Board-2016] Student: May I come in Sir? Principal: Yes come in Student: Good morning Sir Principal: Good morning how can I help you Student: Sir we would like to arrange a study tour Principal: It’s a great idea Ill appreciate it Submit an application to me so that I can take a step in favour of you. Student: Ok Sir. We will write an application on behalf of the students Principal: Ok, see you Student: Thank you very much, Sir Principal: You are most welcome Punctuation Worksheet-5.1 1. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : May I come in sir? Principal : Yes come in. What is your problem? Student : I want to change my 4th subject sir. Principal : Why? Student : Sir mathematics is now my 4th subject but it seems to me very difficult. So I want to take biology instead of mathematics. Principal : Do you think biology is an easy subject? Student : Not easy, sir but easier than mathematics. Principal : Ok write an application. Remember your application must be endorsed by your father/ guardian otherwise it will not be accepted. 2. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : May I come in, sir. Teacher : Yes, Whats your problem my boy? Student : Thank you sir, I would like to develop my command over English. Please give me some instructions. Teacher : Ok Now listen English is a skill based subject. You should develop the four skills of listening reading writing and speaking. Student : How can I develop the four skills sir? Teacher : You should talk to your friends in English, Moreover you should read English books and newspapers. Besides, you should watch English movie and news on TV and radio and above all, you should write your thoughts in English. Student : Thank you, sir. 3. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. I never eat anything for luncheon she said Oh don't say that I answered generously. "I never eat more than one thing I think people eat far too much nowadays A little fish perhaps. I wonder if they have any salmon." 4. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Lady Guest : You see you've filled your stomach with a lot of meat. Therefore you can't eat any more? Writer : I took a Mutton chop. Lady Gues : Follow my example! Writer : Ill do better than that don't be tensed? Lady Guest: Humorist you're quite a humorist. 5. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. "Mina, have you done your English lesson today?" asked the teacher. "Yes sir" she replied. "But I havent understood one grammatical point." "Come to my room 111 help you," said the teacher. Thank you sir she smilingly said. 6. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Abid : have you heard the latest news Hasan : No whats happened Abid : Well it seems Tamal and Topu have broken off their friendship. Hasan : Really its not at all surprising. Abid : Why do you think so? Hasan : Tamal was very selfish. They were bound to break off today or tomorrow! Abid : Yes the sooner the better. Hasan : But Topu is a good boy. Hes a pretty tough character. 7. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Aryan : Do you read newspaper regularly Farhan Farhan : Yes I do. What's about you Aryan : To tell you frankly I do not read newspaper regularly. Farhan : Why you get enough time during the break in the college, Aryan : Yes I do get but I do not like. Moreover I think it is a wastage of time. Farhan : Remember newspaper is called the 'storehouse' of knowledge. The more you will read newspaper the more you will learn Aryan : Then, from today, I will start reading newspaper Farhan : Yes, that's like a good friend. 8. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. A : Whats solar energy? B : Its one of the renewable energy sources. A : Why is it called green energy? B : Well its green energy because it helps us keep the earth green I mean it doesn't emit any pollutant in the atmosphere when we produce and use it. A : I see then it must be a clean source of energy. B : Exactly. And that's why its also called clean energy. 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Husband : Cant you cook food properly Wife : I cook food properly the problem is with you. Husband : Really these foods are crap they taste pathetic. Wife : I spend time in the kitchen from morning till afternoon. I work hard. I take care of two children at home. What do you do? Husband : I work hard and earn money that you spend lavishly. Wife : How dare you say that. Husband : Well that is the truth 10. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Nazmul : Excuse me where is the nearest hospital Arafat : Its about 2 kilometers from here. You will have to hire a taxi You can also go by bus Nazmul : I see Is there a bus station near here Arafat : Yes there is a bus stop at the corner Nazmul : Thank you. Arafat : Dont mention it 11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Arif : Hello How are you Zakia? Zakia : Fine. What about you Arif : Well I was a bit sick. Zakia : Really What happened Arif : Stomach upset. I had outside food. It troubles my stomach. Zakia : That’s why I always try to avoid outside food they are unhygienic Arif : I'm not going to have it anymore. Zakia : Anyway, you take care bye. 12. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. "Good Morning where are you going" said the merchant. I was just coming to see you said the youth. "What do you want" "Please help me to earn my bread by the labour of my hands. "Do you really want work!" said the merchant. yes if you have any." 'Then follow me and carry the box from the shop to my house." "By Allah I’m really grateful to you." said the youth. 13. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : May I come in Sir? Principal : Yes come in Student : Good morning Sir Principal : Good morning how can I help you Student : Sir we would like to arrange a study Principal : It’s a great idea III appreciate it Submit an application to me so that I can take step in favour of you. Student : Ok Sir. We will write an application on behalf of the students Principal : Ok, see you Student : Thank you very much. Sir Principal : You are most welcome 14. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. "Whats your dream? Do you have any dream" asked Zayed Robi said tenderly "Yes I have a dream. My dream is a full plate of rice. "Come with me" said Zayed holding his hand "I’m going to materialize your dream." Ans: "What’s your dream? Do you have any dream? asked Zayed. Robi said tenderly, "Yes, I have a dream. My dream is a full plate of rice." "Come with me" said Zayed holding his hand "I’m going to materialize your dream." 15. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Marie : You're really fit Paul. Do you exercise very much? Paul : Well I almost always get up early and I lift weight for an hour. Marie : You're kidding Paul : No. And then go swimming. Marie : Wow How often do you exercise like that? Paul : About five times a week. What about you? Marie : Oh I hardly ever exercise. I usually just watch TV in my free time. Often my mom says marie darling, dont be a couch potato. 16. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : What is meant by deforestation sir? Teacher : Being a student of class XII you do not know this Student : No sir my conception is not clear Teacher : OK, what is your conception? Student : If we go on cutting down our trees a day will come when there will be no trees left this is called deforestation. Teacher : Well done, you are correct. Your conception is absolutely clear I see. 17. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Mom : Have you taken your breakfast Rafi : No mom. Mom : Oh You’re really annoying. Why don’t you just take it? Rafi : I don’t want to eat Roti with vegetables mom. I want fried chicken with oyster sauce and chicken sausage. Mom : Having junk food is not good for your health. Have you seen yourself in the mirror? Youre being a couch potato. Rafi : Really I think I have to stop eating fast foods. Well I’ve just decided to stop eating them but from tomorrow onwards now can I have them, please. 18. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. The old sailor said I am save because I have shown true love for all living things sometimes I feel 1 must teach the lesson that 1 learnt” what is the lesson" the guest The old sailor said He Prayeth best who loveth best all things both great and small 19. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Teacher : Why didnt you come to school yesterday. Student : I was ill sir Teacher : What happened to you Student : Its flu sir Now Im Ok Teacher : See a doctor. Stay well Teacher : Bye, sir Student : Bye. 20. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Della : Jim darling Don’t look at me that way. Jim : You've cut off your hair Della : Cut it off and sold it Jim : I can't believe it Della : Don't you like me just as well, anyhow I'm me without my hair, aren't I? Jim : You say your hair is gone Della : You needn't look for it, it's sold, I tell you sold and gone, too. Jim : Are you Sane Della : Jim, be good to me, for it went for you. May be the hairs of my head were numbered, but nobody could ever count my love for you. Jim : I know it darling Della : My hair grows so fast, Jim Punctuation Worksheet-5.2 1. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : Sir, what is common Noun Tutor : A noun denoting a class of objects is called common Noun. Examples of the common noun are man, cow, car, book, tea etc. Student : Oh it's a very easy thing. Now I understand thank you sir. Tutor : No problem by the way have you done your Bangla home work Student : Yes sir here it is. 2. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Jerry : I can chop some wood today. Writer : But I have a boy coming from the orphanage. Jerry : Im the boy. Writer : You But youre small. Jerry : Size doesnt matter chopping wood . Some of the big boys don't chop good. Ive been chopping wood at the orphanage a long time. 3. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Meem : your HSC result Poma : GPA 5. Meem : WoW That's wonderful. You really deserve it, friend. Poma : Thanks. What about you. Meem : GPA 4.75, I got poor grades in English and Mathematics. Poma : Never mind. Do well next time. Meem : Anyway are you trying your luck at Dhaka University? Poma : Yes and you Meem : will my poor GPA allow me to sit for the Dhaka University admission test I don't think so 4. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Where are you from? said the teacher I am from Nepal said the student how did you find Dhaka when you first arrived," said the teacher, "Well I like it. I think the city is very beautiful." said the student. 5. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. He said I can chop some wood today. I said but I have a boy coming from the orphanage I am the boy But you are small size doesn't matter chopping wood he said some of the big-boys do notchop wood well I've been chopping wood at the orphanage for a long time. 6. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Writer : Would you like to have some coffee Lady guest: Yes just an ice-cream and coffee. You Writer : Ill have coffee. Lady guest: You know there is one thing I thoroughly believe in. I say one always get up from a meal feeling one could eat a little more. Writer : Are you still hungry Lady guest : Oh, no I’m not hungry, you see. I don’t eat luncheon. I have a cup of coffee in the morning and dinner, but I never eat more than one thing for luncheon. I was speaking for you. Writer : Oh I see. 7. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Kamal : Ive lost my watch. Have you seen it anywhere. Nirob : No, but if I find it I'll tell you. Kamal : It's a gift from my father. It's been so important for me! Nirob : When did you lose it. Kamal : Most probably during the off-period. Nirob : Does it have a leather strap? Kamal : Oh, yes, Have you seen it. Nirob : I haven't seen it. But I heard karim saying something about a watch with a leather strap. Kamal : Whats his room number? Nirob : Most probably 203. Go to the first floor of the main hostel. It’s on the right side of the stairs. Kamal : Thank you so much, dear. Nirob : Youre welcome Kanfal : Best of luck. 8. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Student : How are you madam? Teacher : I am fine. And you. Student : I am fine too. Where are you going now? Teacher : To my relatives house at New Market adjacent to TT College. Student : May I help you. Madam in any way? Teacher : No thanks well where are you going? Student : I am also going around that area to Elephant Road. Teacher : Then no problem get into my car I will drop you. Student : Thank you madam. Teacher : No mention. 9. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Sima : Good evening Boby Boby : Hi Sima Good evening. Sima : Tomorrows my birthday. We have a small party at home, please join us. Boby : What is the time of your party Sima : Six in the evening. Im inviting only a few friends. So please come. Boby : Of course Ill will come. Thank you for inviting me. Sima : Thank you. 10. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Rana : sir may I come in. Teacher : do have you learnt lesson Rana : no sir Teacher : Wha ts your problem Rana : i was sick last night. Teacher : have you taken medicine rana Rana : yes sir Teacher : Take your seat my boy? 11. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Rats : Stop Stop! Monkey : Why? Why should I stop? Rats : Stop! Youre eating all our bread. Monkey : Well Im trying my level best to divide the bread equally. Rats : No you are not. Youre just eating it! Monkey : It's difficult. I’ve told youat the beginning haven't I? Rats : Yes you have. Monkey : I've also told you that it'll cost you a lot. Rats : We should not have believed you. How foolish we are! 12. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Father : You're really strong my son. Could you break this bundle of sticks. Son : Well it s a very simple job I'll do it within a second! Father : Have a try Son : Sure Oh I'm quite wrong. Its stronger than I expected. Father : Okay now try this single stick. See what you can do. Son : Pass it to me and just hear the sound! Father : I know it'll be easy for you. Have you learnt anything from these sticks. Son : Learning from sticks. Father : Yes the bundle of sticks is stronger than the single stick. It teaches us the wise saying, United we stand divided we fall. 13. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Stranger : May I come in, sir. Mayor : Yes of course. Stranger : Id like to help you get rid of these rats. Mayor : Really. Stranger : Within an hour but itll cost you one thousand gold coins. Mayor : Id love to spend more than that only if you could free us from the rats. Stranger : I dont need more than that. Mayor : Its a deal. Start your work. Stranger : Make arrangement for my payment. Mayor : Well be ready before you finish. Stranger : Oh, that's great. 14. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. The writer said to the lady guest are you still hungry oh no Im not hungry replied the lady guest I don’t eat more than one thing for luncheon I have a cup of coffee in the morning and then dinner but I never eat more than one thing for luncheon I was speaking for you. 15. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. One day while going to college I met an old man who had nothing of his own having seen me he began to cry but could not as he was too weak to cry feeling a great pity for him I wanted to know about him what led him to this miserable condition so I started asking him questions. 16. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Bindu : do you read newspaper regularly Hema Hema : Yes I do. What about you Bindu : To tell you frankly I do not read newspaper regularly. Hema : Why? You get enough time. Bindu : 1 do but I do not like. Moreover I think it is a wastage of time. Hema : Strange why do you think so. 17. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Abid : We are about to finish our H.S.C examination Are you thinking about your future. Hasib : Yes, what about you Abid : I want to pursue higher education what are your plans Hasib : I rather follow some vocational courses to make my career Abid : Really have you thought of any particular vocation Hasib : Yes, I would like to join the Fashion Design course This career has a prospect these days Abid : Is it suitable for boys Hasib : Why not Boys are as good as girls in many professions now-a-days Whats your future plan Abid : I would like to go for teaching Hasib : It's a good profession for a studious boy like you 18. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. "I'm not in the least hungry," my guest sighed "but if you insist I don't mind having some asparagus." I ordered them. "Aren't you going to have any" "No I never eat asparagus." "I know there are people who don't like them. The fact is you ruin your palate by all the meat you eat.” "Coffee" I said "Yes, just an ice-cream and coffee" she answered. 19. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Tourist : How old is the edifice guide Guide : Madame its a 15th century edifice Tourist : What a wonderful edifice it is Guide : It was built by Akbar the then emperor of India. Tourist : Oh! 1 see Guide : Madame we should move now. The sun is about to set. It would be dark soon. Tourist : Isnt the place safe? Guide : It is. But the security does not allow anybody after sunset. 20. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. how is your father rana said mr karim he is very well thank you replied rana i am glad to hear that he is in good health said mr karim 21. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Son : Did you keep a diary during the liberation war Father : Yes I did. Son : Can I have a look at it? Father : I'm afraid, Ive lost it. Son : Can you remember anything about it Father : Yes, I remember one event there were lots of sounds and bangs outside one night. You wanted to look out but we didn't let you. Son : Why Father : Because it was very dangerous. You were only four years old then Son : I can't remember anything. Father : Its natural. No one can remember all from early childhood 22. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Entering the study my elder brother looked around and burst out in disgust. How dirty you have made the room! Why do you use it if you cant keep it tidy I said, i am extremely sorry I have been a nuisance in future youll never see the room in such a bad condition I promise 23. Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following texts. Myself : Good morning Rana. How are you? Rana : I am so so and you Myself : I am well. But why aren’t you completely well. Rana : In every examination I'm cutting a sorry figure. Myself : Whats the reason? Dont you utilize your time properly? Rana : I spend most of the time in watching TV. Myself : Recreation is necessary. But spending too much time on this has no good side. Rana : I don't feel bored in watching TV. Myself : But as a student, you should study more and more. Rana : Thank you for your good advice. Myself : Welcome. Punctuation Worksheet-6.0 Colon, Semi-colon, Dash, Parentheses, Pair of Commas Insert Colon, Semi-colon, Dash, Parentheses, Pair of Commas in the following sentences where necessary. A raw new development begins on the other side of my mother's meadow which she has not been able to mow this fall since her injuries prevent her from getting up on the tractor. As far as travel through the United States I've visited Seattle Washington Portland Oregon and San Francisco California. Barry wanted to know why I didn't respond to his text I hadn't received it. Besides the bookcase in the living room which was always called 'the library' there were the encyclopedia tables and dictionary stand under windows in our dining room. Betty who is still on the ferry will arrive before 4 o'clock. Bianca was excited about getting a new caruntil she suddenly realized how much it was going to cost her. Claire helped Jamie see his fate "You're never going to win the Battle of Culloden." Cynthiathe neighbor you met at the Fourth of July party last yearis going to babysit for us next weekend. Dad is going bald his hair is getting thinner and thinner. Dash Examples Diana Gabaldon says this prayer before writing "Help me see what I need to see." Did you leave your bag red black handles in the classroom? Eugene Meyer who was thirty-two years old had been in business for himself for only a few years but had already made several million dollars. Every journalist has a novel in him which is an excellent place for it. Historian Russell Lynes Fiona said “I was going to take the train to come see you but”“Nonsense” David replied. “We’ll come get you.” Florida Georgia South Carolina and Tennessee these are all the states we’ll be driving through on our vacation. Flour sugar baking powder baking soda we need to buy all of these ingredients if we’re going to make cookies today. For a balloon to float it must be filled with helium which is lighter than the air around it. He cares for no one he is the epitome of selfish. He wanted to see three cities in Italy Rome Florence and Venice Here are three states that begin with M Michigan Mississippi and Maine. Humans are the only animals that have children on purpose with the exception of guppies who like to eat theirs. I always try to pack light for vacation however I always seem to need an extra bag for all of my shoes and books. I bought a lot of meat at the store bacon turkey chicken and tuna. I had a huge meal however I am already hungry again. I have finished the main course now I have to make dessert. I have lived in Atlanta GA Charleston SC and Tallahassee FL. I have several favorite genres of movies drama science fiction and mystery. I just want you to remember two can play at that game. I know you don't like broccoli nevertheless it is very good for you. I like bacon eggs and cheese but not all together on a sandwich. I love Outlander "Both Sides Now" is my favorite episode. I was going to pick up dinner on the way home unless you’d rather wait to eat. I went to London with John Baker who lives next door. I will be there as soon as I finish working that is a promise I will definitely keep. If you bring your sunglasses sunscreen and a towel we can go to the beach. Irene the woman wearing the blue dress and brimmed hat is my great-aunt. It was raining the game was cancelled. Let's go to the library there are 15 different books I'd like to take out. Let's go to Woof Gang Bakery they sell the yummiest dog treats. Machu Picchuan ancient city known for its famous ruins high altitude and mountainous terrainis located in Peru. Maria although she comes from Spain hates paella. Marie 8 years-old is a little girl who goes to school with my brother. Marie made a 100 on the quiz Lois made a 95. Michelle drives a Jaguar Sonya drives a Porsche. Mom wants the chores completed moreover she wants them done properly. Mrs. Morris preaches this concept "Second place is first loser." Ms. Newmar who lives next door claims to be a Martian. My family is getting a new dog from the shelter we are going to name him Barney. Never forget this point think before you speak. Of all the chili sauces I’ve tried and I’ve tried a lot this is my favorite. Please pack my anthologies on short stories poetry and Shakespearean plays my biographies on Jackie Kennedy Charles Stuart and Queen Elizabeth and my historical romance novels by Nora Roberts Jude Devereux and Diana Gabaldon. Sam whispered to his friend “I don’t think we’re supposed to be in this building after” “Be quiet” Miles interrupted. “I hear someone coming.” Shadow puppetry an art form in which the audience views the shadows of puppets through a translucent screen is popular in parts of Asia. She calls it the bathroom I call it the loo. She didn't see the other car coming now her car has a huge dent. She had a pretty gift for quotation which is a serviceable substitute for wit. She had self-defense training consequently she warded off the assailant. She moved to Ireland she preferred the tranquil setting over America. She went to great lengths to emphasize this "Kindness never fades." Some people who I won’t name wouldn’t like this. Star Trek was my favorite television show during the 1960s in fact it is my favorite television show of all time. The address for the letter is PO Box 37 Martin NY 30065. The biggest issue as you will see is where we will store all the extra components. The dog trainer gave us this instruction "Love your dog and she will love you." The groups of siblings who will be coming to camp include John and Anne Jeff Lisa and Tommy and Mark and Jonas. The holidays in Spain of which there are many are mostly religious. The main character in the movie said "Play hard. Work harder." The town reminded me of my childhood vacations both were on the beach. The United States which presents itself as a global beacon of opportunity and prosperity is quickly becoming a low-wage nation . The University of Georgia UGA is where my mom went to school. The world is a stage play your role well. There are two choices at this time run away or fight. There is mounting evidence of global warming of course some people will never believe it. This house has everything I need two bedrooms a backyard and a garage. This is a Remington typewriter all the keys are intact. This is in my opinion the most important issue. This was first said by Shakespeare "To thine own self be true." We had a little accident puddle mud on the way here and had to change our clothes. We had too many fumbles we lost the game. We knew who would win the game the Eagles You can come pick me up now I am feeling much better. You can order a sandwich with bacon egg and cheese ham egg tomato and cheese or tomato lettuce and avocado. You can talk about anything if you go about it the right way which is never malicious. You need new brakes otherwise you may not be able to stop in time. You should stop eating so much food you will have to go on a diet. Punctuation Worksheet-6.1 Punctuate the following sentences I did three things at the store I ate a sample of fruit I had an encounter with an old friend finally I ran into my boss If I ever go to bed after midnight I usually wake up with a headache the next morning but I didnt this morning She said that she was only looking for one thing at her new job money! Most likely it will rain in the evening and we will have to cancel our plans for the trip the next day I think however the day may turn out to be nice because the weatherman said it will be sunny all weekend If I told you that I was a policeman would you respect me differently? i bought some milk tea a big container of flour and some bread although he really does not know his job they will keep him on board until the summer is over The professor quoted several things in his lecture first the Civil War was an economic one second he indicated that the migration forced the South to take a different approach to its economics and most importantly the outcome was a higher expanse of trade in the North Now I know you are a little leery of meeting new people but I want you to try and open up because we love you If I were a woman I think I would be just like me I dont want any candy and he doesnt want any either I cant have any coffee nor can I have tea after dinner He went to his mothers house then he went to the house He is to put it lightly a very rude person The man was according to the police a loner who had had a fight with the stores owner before closing time The girl the sister the mother and the boyfriend all were injured in the plane accident but thank God no one was killed Because he was my friend I did not say anything however I will say something next time because that behavior is totally unacceptable Since I was the fastest of the group the coach made me run more study harder material and clean his car every week I left early but if I want to get there in time I will have to hurry even more I talked with the man then I turned to the professor but Ill never carry on at least try not to two conversations at once again I came early so I could get a good seat When I was a kid i use to fly a kite weekly I wouldve found the keys but I got a call and you know how my mother talks To win the game they cheated every chance they got Today I talked with Robbie ate lunch at the restaurant and went to a movie but believe me Im tired I went to class and studied afterward then I went over to Toms restaurant and I met some of my classmates Slipping on the ice is never fun but unfortunately its a hazard of living in a cold part of the world then again Id rather live here than africa Call me crazy but i think that you should go the man and apologize after all you were in the wrong just as much as him do you think that youll ever have your own apartment i cant live like this anymore you know that youre not the easiest person to get along with i certainly understand when a man loses his desire to go to work but on the other hand i could never buy into the idea of quitting life completely If i were you I would try to fix my car before the cold weather sets in She strolled along the riverbank and eyed the horizon but nevertheless she was still lonely in that she had lost the one and only person she had ever trusted stand straight now raise your left arm If you my one and only friend were in trouble I would do all I could if possible to fix everything but only with you The chief of the department who is also my friend told me three things the day was long today is good and he was tired Bluntly put I couldnt have said it better myself because I am a believer in justice unlike you however you should never talk badly at least around those of us who do believe he said and i quote this is the best team ive ever seen according to the doctor she could live but digest said and this is a quote there is a 90 percent success rate in women 30 to 40 years of age Once i was a young man but i aged as all before me have done If this world were mine i would feed the hungry shelter the homeless and find a way to better life at least i would certainly try To find a good bank takes tenacity skill and a lot of luck one can quit but hell never get what he wants so ask what you need to know Therefore he was stranded moreover he had no money and no friends and he was a long way from home I received many things such as socks pants shirts but I liked to be honest the socks the black ones I saw a good sport namely kickboxing but when i saw a guy get killed i stopped patronizing it altogether My friend plays rugby the other plays nothing and the other sleeps all day Walking along the road he thought of life liberty and his happiness until he was flattened by a gust of wind then he only thought about according to him catching his breath Running the track can be good however it is exhausting especially on days when one is already tired but I digress You know john ive always wanted to be the president of the us but now im too old She did three things she ate out she studied then she retired

English for HSC Examination English 1st Paper English 2nd Paper Board Questions Suggestion and Practice Sheet HSC VOCABULAY English For Today HSC 2024 FULL SYLLABUS CLICK ON THE LINK https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1QFiRZR2DBEYeFSvg3LwFNM0-1ZBEHGE_?usp=share_link English 1st Paper Marks Distribution for HSC English 1st paper (Only for the years 2024 and 2025) Total- 100 Subject Code-107 Test item Marks Part 1: Reading (60 Marks) Multiple choice questions .5×10 = 05 Short answer questions 3×5 = 15 Information transfer/flow chart 1×5 = 05 Summary writing 1 ×10 = 10 Cloze test with clues (unseen) .5 ×10 = 05 Cloze test without clues (unseen) 1× 10 = 10 Rearranging (unseen) 10 Part 2: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 8.Interpreting graph/chart 15 9.Story Writing 15 10.Informal letter 10 Marks Distribution for HSC English 2nd paper (Only for the years 2024 and 2025) Subject Code - 108 Total- 100 Marks Test Item/s Marks Part A: Grammar (60 marks) 1 Gap filling activities without clues (for prepositions) .0.5x10=05 2 Gap filling activities with clues (special uses: was born, have to/has to, would rather, had better, let alone, as soon as, what’s…like, what does…look like, introductory ‘there’ or ‘it’) 0.5×10=05 3 Completing sentences (with clauses/ phrases) 10×1= 10 4 Use of verbs (right form of verbs and subject-verb agreement as per context) 0.5×14=7 5 Narrative style (direct to indirect and vice versa) 7 6 Use of modifiers 0.5×10=5 7 Use of sentence connectors 0.5×14=7 8 Use of synonym and antonym 0.5×14=7 9 Punctuation 0.5×14=7 Part-B: Composition (40 marks) 10 Formal letter writing/Gmail 10 11 Writing paragraph (by listing/ description) within 200 words 15 12 Writing paragraph (comparison and contrast/ cause and effect) within 200 words. 15 HSC Examinati on-2024 English 1st Paper How to approach questions in English 1st paper and get good score Marks Distribution for HSC English 1st paper (Only for the year 2024 ) Total- 100 Subject Code-107 Test item Marks Part 1: Reading (60 Marks) Multiple choice questions .5×10 = 05 Short answer questions 3×5 = 15 Information transfer/flow chart 1×5 = 05 Summary writing 1 ×10 = 10 Cloze test with clues (unseen) .5 ×10 = 05 Cloze test without clues (unseen) 1× 10 = 10 Rearranging (unseen) 10 Part 2: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 8.Interpreting graph/chart 15 9.Story Writing 15 10.Informal letter 10 Question-1 A -Multiple Choice Question Strategies: Read the passage very carefully ( 2 times). Locate the answer of the questions in the given passage and underline the key words. Choose the answers in the light of the given text. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-1” Then Write letter, number of the option then the word or phrase of the chosen option (a)(iv) people to go abroad Question -1-B Short Answer Question Strategies: At first locate the answers in the text. Then write the answer according to the text. Try to paraphrase ( re-write in your own words) the information given in the text. You should not add any piece of information from outside of the given passage. Try to write at least two sentences for each answer. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-1-B after finishing the first answer then write “ (b)……………………………………….. Etc Question 2 Information Transfer/Flow Chart Strategies: Read the given passage very carefully (2 times) Read the table with gaps carefully Locate the answer in the passage Take the words from the passage to fill in the blanks and see whether the completed sentence make sense or not. See whether the sentences make sense and grammatically correct. Give special attention to first row of the table If you are sure, write the final answer. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-2” You can write like- (i) ….. (ii) ….. (iii) …… Flow Chart A flowchart is essentially a visual representation of data, presented in the form of a picture with various information elements. Flowcharts can come in different types, such as a graph chart or a pie chart. Regardless of the type, each information element is represented in the form of shapes in the chart. Since flowcharts are data-rich, it is important to pay attention to the information presented in the flowchart. Flowcharts contain various indicators on the left, right, or bottom side. These indicators are highlighted with different colors or shades in the flowchart to indicate specific meanings. Similarly, the same colors or shades are incorporated into the flowchart to convey the intended message. To describe or explain a flowchart, all the scales need to be considered in terms of quantity or measurement. Even without a scale, an approximate number can be assumed based on visual estimation. For Flow Chart, first of all, the students should choose the objectives of a flow chart. The next thing to do is to decide on the start and end points. Once that is decided the students should break it down into multiple flows. While drawing, the students should keep it in their mind that a flow chart should be as simple as possible so that the readers make sense of the complex patterns and forces. For the sake of simplicity, detailed information is kept to a minimum leaving a framework upon which readers can later attach details as the patterns of events become clear. However, each flowchart's design is also determined by the nature of the text. Now, let's move on to describing a flowchart. To start, it is essential to understand what is being asked or what needs to be described. Only the information specifically mentioned in the flowchart should be written. In the description of the flowchart, begin by stating: "This description or information is presenting exactly what is mentioned in the question," or by merging the question's sentence into the first sentence. This way, we can clearly present the information and help visualize the data in the flowchart. Rules of Flow Chart At first give a title. Use 6 (six) rectangular/square boxes including the given box. Boxes can be horizontal or vertical. Use arrow sign between two boxes. Use numeric letters serially in each box. Start points with capital letters. Start points according to the given box in the question. Question 3 Summary Writing Strategies: Read the given text very carefully. ( at least 2 times) Write only the key points in your own words. Don’t add any information from outside. Usually, examples and explanation are not written in summary. Summary must be written in one paragraph. Use impersonal tone in summary (don’t use I , we, you….) Write as many words as mentioned in the question; if number of words is not mentioned write one third of the given passage. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-3” Write the summary Question 4 Coze Test With Clues Strategies: Read the give clues very carefully Read the given text at least 2 times Write the answers Re-read the sentences to see whether your words sound reasonable in the contxt How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-4” You can write like- (a) happen (b) see (c) amazing … Question 5 Cloze Test Without Clues Strategies: Read the given text very carefully. (at least 2 times) Write the answers Re-read the sentences to see whether your words sound reasonable in the contxt How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-5” You can write like- (a) happen (b) see (c) amazing … Question 6 Rearranging Strategies: Read the story/text very carefully (2 times) Arrange the sentences roughly ( you can use pencil) See whether the arrangement seems a coherent one or not. If you are sure, write the final answer. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-6” Answer: (iii)→(ix)→(i)→(vi)→(vii)→(iv)→(ii)→(x)→ (v)→(viii) Then write the whole story like this: Khan Jahan Ali was a philanthropic man. He came to Bagerhat to preach Islam and to promote the plight of common people. He found Bagerhat beset with many problems. The scarcity of drinking water is one of them. As Bagerhat is near the Bay of Bengal, the water is usually saline. He, therefore, excavated many tanks to provide fresh water to the people. Gora Dighi is one of them. Thus he redressed the problem of drinking water. His memory will never be sunk into oblivion. The people of Bagerhat remember him with respect. Question 7 Describing Graph Strategies: Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. Keep reasonable margin at all sides Don’t need to write heading /title Study the graph meticulously Write the answer in three to four paragraphs Never add extra information what is not mentioned in the graph. Write as many words as mentioned in the question if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. Maintain the key writing techniques for describing graph- Introduction, Overview, Detail trend, Conclusion. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-7” Write answer keeping equal space on both sides. Question 8 Story Writing Strategies: Read the given prompt very carefully. Make a plan for your writing. Classic/Traditional story should be completed in a traditional way. ( e.g. The hare and the tortoise) Creative story can be completed in your own way. Write as many words as mentioned in the question; if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-8” Must write Title/ heading Write the given prompt and complete the story Write the moral of the story in one sentence in separate paragraph. Question 9 Informal Letters/Email Writing Strategies: Read the given prompt very carefully. Make a plan for your writing. Write as many words as mentioned in the question; if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-9” For Email You can write like this: To: mim@yahoo.com Subject: describing the importance of physical exercise. Dear…., HSC Examination-2024 English 2nd Paper How to approach questions in English 2nd paper and get good score Question-1 Preposition- Gap Filling Activities Question -2 Gap Filling Activities ( Special of some phrases) Question-3 Completing Sentences Question 4 Use of Verbs Question 5 Narrative Style Question 6 Sentence Connectors Question 7 Formal Letter (Application) Question 8 Writing Paragraph Question-1 Preposition- Gap Filling Activities Strategies: Read the passage very carefully ( 2 times). After writing the answers , examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap . Remember that most of them might be appropriate preposition. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-1” Always write the answers downward. You can write like- (a)on (b) to (c) at …… Question -2 Gap Filling Activities ( Special of some phrases) Strategies: At first read the options very carefully. Try to determine which option will fit in the specific gaps One word/phrase is used once only After writing the answers , examine whether the preposition sounds correct in the given gap .Write only the answers How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-2” Write only the answers. Always write the answers downward. You can write like- (a)have to (b) what’s it like (c) let alone …… Question-3 Completing Sentences Strategies: Read all sentences from the beginning to the last. Determine the topic or subject matter of the exercise. Complete the sentences using preferably a clause or phrase according to the context. Read the completed sentences again to see whether they make sense or not. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-3” Write the sentence which you are to complete. Underline the portion that you have written. You can write like- (a) If we drink arsenic polluted water, we are sure to fall sick. (b) Surface water is safe when it is boiled. (c) Pond water is not safe as different types of filthy things are mixed with it. Question 4 Use of Verbs Strategies: Read the given text very carefully. (at least 2 times). Determine the tense of the passage and write the appropriate form of the verbs. Write the answers Re-read the passage using the form of the verbs to see whether your words sound reasonable in the context How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-4” Write only the answers. Always write the answers downward. You can write like- (a) happened (b) has been being done (c) will be doing … Question 5 Narrative Style Strategies: Read the passage very carefully (2 times). Determine the speaker, the person spoken to and tense and person of the given text. Write the answer accordingly. Put the inverted comma according to rule if you are to convert indirect to direct. Read your full answer . How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-5” You can write your answer like this: Answer: The ticket seller asked the stranger respectfully where he (S) liked to go. The stranger replied that he (S) liked to go to Cox's Bazar. The ticket seller asked the stranger how many tickets he (S) needed. He (S) replied that he (S) would buy five tickets. The ticket seller told him (S) to take those tickets. He (T) added that they would cost three thousand taka. Question 6 Sentence Connectors Strategies: At first read the passage with gaps very carefully. Try to determine the topic and sequence of the actions. You may use one connector twice. After writing the answers, examine whether the connector sounds correct in the given gap Write only the answers. Remember, connectors are easy but confusing. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-6” Write only the answers. You can write like- (a) In fact (b) But (c) Rather … Question 7 Formal Letter (Application) (Making complaints and seeking information only) Strategies: Read the given text very carefully. ( at least 2 times) Underline the key words of the application. Start writing from the beginning of the page. Don’t write overleaf. Always use formal language in application. Use formal tone and academic vocabulary. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-7” Write the application starting from the beginning of the page. You can use small hand writing to accommodate more words. Question 8 Writing Paragraph (Comparison/contrast, Cause and Effects) Strategies: Start writing the paragraph from the beginning of the page. Keep reasonable margin in all sides Must write the Name of the paragraph (heading/title) Never write more than one paragraph. Write as many words as mentioned in the question( usually 200 words) if number of words is not mentioned write according to your allotment of time. Students usually write paragraph 1-3 pages. Maintain the key writing techniques for paragraph- stater, developer and concluding remark. How to write answer: Write “Answer to the Question No-8” Write the name of the paragraph keeping equal space on both sides. Write the paragraph You can also read Pargraph Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Application Important Applications for Exam Letter Writing Important Letters for Exam Story Writing Important Stories for Exam Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Dialogue Writing Important Dialogues for Exam Essay/Composition Writing Important Compositions for Exam Writing E-mail Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

CELTA CELTA is an initial teacher training qualification for teaching English as a second or foreign language (ESL and EFL). It is provided by Cambridge Assessment English through authorised Cambridge English Teaching Qualification centres and can be taken either full-time or part-time. CELTA was developed to be suitable both for those interested in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) and for Teaching English to the Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL).[1] [2] The full name of the course was originally the Certificate in English Language Teaching to Adults and is still referred to in this way by some course providers. However, in 2011 the qualification title was amended on the Ofqual register to the Cambridge English Level 5 Certificate In Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA)[3] in order to reflect that the wider range of students that teachers might have, including younger learners. CELTA is designed for candidates with little or no previous English language teaching (ELT) experience. It is also taken by candidates with some teaching experience who have received little practical teacher training or who wish to gain internationally recognised qualification. Candidates should have English language skills equivalent to at least C1 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) or an IELTS score of 7.[4] [5] CELTA gives equal emphasis to theory and practice. The strong practical element demonstrates to employers that successful candidates have the skills to succeed in the classroom.[6] Courses can be taken full-time or part-time through one of three modes of delivery: fully face-to-face, in a blended format that combines on-line self-study with practical teaching experience, or fully online, with teaching practice and input all being delivered online through a video conferencing platform such as Zoom. A full-time, face-to-face course typically lasts between four and five weeks. CELTA is a continuous assessment course (i.e. participants are assessed throughout the course) leading to a certificate qualification.[7] Candidates who successfully complete the course can start working in a variety of English language teaching contexts around the world.[8] CELTA is regulated at Level 5 of the Qualifications and Credit Framework for England, Wales and N. Ireland and is suitable for teachers at Foundation and Developing level on the Cambridge English Teaching Framework.[9]

Pearson Language Tests This article contains content that is written like an advertisement . Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view . (July 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Pearson Language Tests is a unit of the Pearson PLC group, dedicated to assessing and validating the English language usage of non-native English speakers. The tests include PTE Academic, PTE General (formerly known as London Tests of English)[1] and PTE Young Learners. These are scenario-based exams, accredited by the QCA , Ofqual,[2] and administered in association with Edexcel , the world's largest examining body. In 2009, Pearson Language Tests launched the Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE Academic)[4] (Ref.) which is endorsed by Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC), the organisation responsible for the GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test).[5] The test score has been aligned to the levels defined in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) . PTE Academic is delivered through the Pearson Virtual User Environment (VUE) centres which are also responsible for delivering the GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) worldwide. Upon release, it was recognized by nearly 6,000 organizations.[6] For instance, the test is approved for use by the Australia Border Agency and the Australian Department of Immigration and Citizenship for visa applications.[7] The test is predominantly read by a computer rather than a human grader to reduce waiting times of the results for students.[6] Pearson Test of English Academic The Pearson Test of English Academic ([1] ) is an English language test designed to assess the readiness of non-native English speakers to participate in a university-level English language instruction program. Pearson created PTE Academic in response to demand from institutions, government and other organizations for a more accurate way of testing non - native English language students who enter the English-speaking academia world.[8] PTE Academic is endorsed by the Graduate Management Admission Council . Amongst other universities, London Business School in the UK, Harvard Business School , Stanford Graduate School of Business , and Yale University in the United States accept PTE Academic scores. Other institutions in other countries, including Spain, France, and China, have also signed up to accept PTE Academic. These include leading business schools such as INSEAD and HEC Paris in France, IESE , IE Business School and ESADE in Spain and SDA Bocconi in Italy. In addition to the business schools, there are also a number of arts and music colleges who accept the exam's scores.[9] In February 2013, opened a new test center in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia in association with the Malaysian British Educational Cooperation Services. It is a computer-based exam which focuses on real-life English used in academic surroundings. This is to say that integrated language is used throughout the test and students will listen to a variety of accents and academic language which they will encounter at English-speaking higher education institutions.[11] The exam will include an unmarked voice recording of the candidate, which is part of advanced biometric data that should assist institutions in verifying the identity of candidates and should aid them with their admission decisions.[12] The test will be a maximum of 3 hours long and takers can expect their results to be delivered to them, online, within 5 working days. Test scores are reported on the Global Scale of English, a standardized, numeric scale from 10 to 90 which can measure English language proficiency more precisely with reference to the widely known set of levels distinguished in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages , or CEFR.[13] Structure The Pearson Test of English Academic comprises 3 sections: i) Speaking & Writing ii) Reading and iii) Listening. Here is the detailed paper pattern: Section Duration PTE Academic Speaking & Writing77 – 93 minutes Personal Introduction Read Aloud Repeat sentence Describe image Re-tell lecture Answer short question Summarise written text (10 mins) Essay (20mins) Reading32 – 41 minutes Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers Re-order paragraphs Reading: Fill in the blanks Multiple-choice, choose single answer A 10-minute break is optional Listening45 – 57 minutes Summarise spoken text Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers Fill the blanks Highlight the correct summary Multiple choices, choose a single answer Select missing word Highlight incorrect words Write from dictation PTE General PTE General (formerly known as the London Test of English) or Pearson English International Certificate (as of December 2020)[14] is an international English language examination for speakers of English as a foreign language (EFL ). It is developed by Pearson Language Tests and administered by Edexcel, the exams are accredited by QCA , the Qualification and Curriculum Authority.[15] In some countries (e.g. Poland, Greece) the oral interview is assessed by locally trained assessors, whereas in other countries (e.g. France, Italy) they are entirely graded in London. Pearson English International Certificate is consistent with a theme-based exam designed to test how well a learner can communicate in authentic and realistic situations, and not on how well they remember formal vocabulary and structures. For this reason, the tests use real-life scenarios rather than pedantic grammatical exercises. They test the four skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. There are six levels which are mapped to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages . The Framework was developed by the Council of Europe to enable language learners, teachers, universities or potential employers to compare and relate language qualifications by level. Authority (QCA).[15]

Test format – IELTS Listening (30 minutes) You will listen to four recordings of native English speakers and then write your answers to a series of questions. Recording 1 – a conversation between two people set in an everyday social context. Recording 2 – a monologue set in an everyday social context, e.g. a speech about local facilities. Recording 3 – a conversation between up to four people set in an educational or training context, e.g. a university tutor and a student discussing an assignment. Recording 4 – a monologue on an academic subject, e.g. a university lecture. Assessors will be looking for evidence of your ability to understand the main ideas and detailed factual information, the opinions and attitudes of speakers, the purpose of an utterance and evidence of your ability to follow the development of ideas. IELTS Listening description Paper format: There are four parts with ten questions each. The questions are designed so that the answers appear in the order they are heard in the audio. The first two parts deal with situations set in everyday social contexts. In Part 1, there is a conversation between two speakers (for example, a conversation about travel arrangements), and in Part 2, there is a monologue in (for example, a speech about local facilities). The final two parts deal with situations set in educational and training contexts. In Part 3, there is a conversation between two main speakers (for example, two university students in discussion, perhaps guided by a tutor), and in Part 4, there is a monologue on an academic subject. The recordings are heard only once. They include a range of accents, including British, Australian, New Zealand, American and Canadian. Timing: Approximately 30 minutes (plus 10 minutes transfer time). No. of questions: 40 Task types: A variety of question types are used, chosen from the following: multiple choice, matching, plan/map/diagram labelling, form/note/table/flow-chart/summary completion, sentence completion. Answering: Test takers write their answers on the question paper as they listen and at the end of the test are given 10 minutes to transfer their answers to an answer sheet. Care should be taken when writing answers on the answer sheet as poor spelling and grammar are penalised. Marks: Each question is worth 1 mark. IELTS Listening in detail A detailed look at the paper with links to related resources. Task type 1 – Multiple choice Task type and format: In multiple choice tasks, there is a question followed by three possible answers, or the beginning of a sentence followed by three possible ways to complete the sentence. Test takers are required to choose the one correct answer - A, B or C. Sometimes, test takers are given a longer list of possible answers and told that they have to choose more than one. In this case, they should read the question carefully to check how many answers are required. Task focus: Multiple choice questions are used to test a wide range of skills. The test taker may be required to have a detailed understanding of specific points or an overall understanding of the main points of the listening text. No. of questions: Variable Task type 2 – Matching Task type and format: Test takers are required to match a numbered list of items from the listening text to a set of options on the question paper. The set of options may be criteria of some kind. Task focus: Matching assesses the skill of listening for detail and whether a test taker can understand information given in a conversation on an everyday topic, such as the different types of hotel or guest house accommodation. It also assesses the ability to follow a conversation between two people. It may also be used to assess test takers’ ability to recognise relationships and connections between facts in the listening text. No. of questions: Variable Task type 3 – Plan, map, diagram labelling Task type and format: Test takers are required to complete labels on a plan (eg of a building), map (eg of part of a town) or diagram (e.g. of a piece of equipment). The answers are usually selected from a list on the question paper. Task focus: This type of task assesses the ability to understand, for example, a description of a place, and to relate this to a visual representation. This may include being able to follow language expressing spatial relationships and directions (e.g. straight on/through the far door). No. of questions: Variable Task type 4 – Form, note, table, flow-chart, summary completion Task type and format: Test takers are required to fill in the gaps in an outline of part or of all of the listening text. The outline will focus on the main ideas/facts in the text. It may be: 1. a form: often used to record factual details such as names 2. a set of notes: used to summarise any type of information using the layout to show how different items relate to one another 3. a table: used as a way of summarising information which relates to clear categories – e.g. place/time/price, 4. a flow-chart: used to summarise a process which has clear stages, with the direction of the process shown by arrows. Test takers may have to select their answers from a list on the question paper or identify the missing words from the recording, keeping to the word limit stated in the instructions. Test takers do not have to change the words from the recording in any way. Test takers should read the instructions very carefully as the number of words or numbers they should use to fill the gaps will vary. A word limit is given, for example, ‘NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER’. Test takers are penalised for writing more than the stated number of words, and test takers should check this word limit carefully for each task. Contracted words will not be tested. Hyphenated words count as single words. Task focus: This focuses on the main points which a listener would naturally record in this type of situation. No. of questions: Variable Task type 5 – Sentence completion Task type and format: Test takers are required to read a set of sentences summarising key information from all the listening text or from one part of it. They then fill a gap in each sentence using information from the listening text. A word limit is given, for example, ‘NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER’. Test takers are penalised for writing more than the stated number of words. (Test takers should check this word limit carefully for each task: the limit is either ONE, TWO or THREE words). Contracted words will not be tested. Hyphenated words count as single words. Task focus: Sentence completion focuses on the ability to identify the key information in a listening text. Test takers have to understand functional relationships such as cause and effect. No. of questions: Variable Task type 6 – Short-answer questions Task type and format: Test takers are required to read a question and then write a short answer using information from the listening text. A word limit is given, for example, ‘NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER’. Test takers are penalised for writing more than the stated number of words. (Test takers should check this word limit carefully for each task.) Contracted words will not be tested. Hyphenated words count as single words. Sometimes test takers are given a question which asks them to list two or three points. Task focus: Sentence completion focuses on the ability to listen for concrete facts, such as places, prices or times, within the listening text. No. of questions: Variable IELTS Listening – how it's marked The Listening test is marked by certificated markers, who are regularly monitored to ensure their reliability. All answer sheets, after being marked, are further analysed by Cambridge Assessment English. Band score conversion A Band Score conversion table is produced for each version of the Listening test which translates scores out of 40 into the IELTS 9-band scale. Scores are reported in whole bands and half bands. One mark is awarded for each correct answer in the 40-item test. Care should be taken when writing answers on the answer sheet as poor spelling and grammar are penalised. 00:00 / 01:04 audio Below are some resources you can use to train and maintain your listening skills daily. YouTube - https://www.youtube.com BBC Learning English - http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish TED - https://www.ted.com/ BBC radio - https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldserviceradio ABC news in Australia - https://radio.abc.net.au/stations/news/live?play=true Listening Test Audios Youtube Link https://www.youtube.com/@ieltslisteningaudio/videos

Board Questions Suggestion and Practice SSC 2023 Writing Skill English 1st Paper English 2nd Paper You can also read Pargraph Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Application Important Applications for Exam Letter Writing Important Letters for Exam Story Writing Important Stories for Exam Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Dialogue Writing Important Dialogues for Exam Essay/Composition Writing Important Compositions for Exam Writing E-mail Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

ALL THE INFO What You Need to Know I believe you must bring your whole self to the table if you want to thrive in today’s crazy world; your personality, your sense of humor, and most importantly, your heart. All of these elements brought me to start babarenglish. Ever since I launched this project, the blog has been thriving and has quickly gained a loyal following. To see what I’ve been up to, browse my site, learn about my passions, and explore what excites and interests you as well. About the teacher My name is Fakhruddin Babar, and I am an Assistant Professor specializing in English. For the past twenty years, I have dedicated myself to teaching English as a second language. My academic journey began at Chittagong University, Bangladesh where I earned a Master's degree in English Language and Literature in 2009. Following this, I pursued further studies in London for two years, enhancing my expertise in English. My teaching career spans various educational levels, including schools, colleges, and universities. To solidify my proficiency as an English instructor, I completed the CELTA course from Cambridge University, a globally recognized qualification for teaching English. Beyond teaching, I hold a Post Graduate Diploma in Management Studies and engage in small-scale business activities. This business diploma has proven invaluable, particularly in teaching Business English courses, as it equips me with the relevant knowledge to address specific industry needs. I am passionate about continually improving my English skills. I enjoy watching English movies and TV series, exploring presentations on Ted.com, and reading English books. Occasionally, I organize English club meetings with friends, providing an opportunity for us to converse and enhance our language skills in a social setting. With extensive experience in preparing students for the IELTS examination, I have attended seminars conducted by Andrew Thomas, an IELTS Principal Examiner. These seminars focused on maximizing IELTS scores through a detailed analysis of test tasks and assessment criteria, and on bridging the gap between test preparation and language skill development. The primary joy in my profession comes from the deep satisfaction of helping others achieve their dreams. Many of my students have gained admission to foreign universities, often securing scholarships. Others have successfully passed interviews for international companies after completing Business English training, and many have achieved their target band scores in the IELTS exam. Teaching, for me, is not just a job but a profound calling. It allows me to impact lives positively by helping individuals reach their personal and professional goals. This commitment to education and continuous improvement drives my passion for teaching English and ensures that I stay updated with the latest methodologies and resources in the field. Whether in the classroom, through business language courses, or in preparation for exams like IELTS, my goal is to provide my students with the tools they need to succeed in an increasingly globalized world. Degree BA (Honours) in English Language and Literature MA in English Language and Literature Certificates CELTA ( Cambridge University) Master Teachers' Training Success stories I have taught hundreds of students for last more than one decade and amazingly most of the students achieved their desired score while some of them even scored 8.5 in IELTS examination. Students comments with their credentials: For any suggestion, comment, complaint or recommendation please feel free to let me know at-babarfeni@yahoo.com

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VOCABULARY Rules Basic Advanced Worksheets Beginner (1) Elementary (2) (PECE) Pre-intermediate (3) (JSC) Intermediate (4) (SSC) Upper-intermediate (5( (HSC) Advanced (6)(University) Without Clues With Clues With/Without Clues Rules Formal and Informal Vocabulary Proverbs for Examination Academic Vocabulary Collocations Collocation

This page is dedicated to the exemplary writings of the students who have undertaken a Herculean task of transforming the conventional writing of general students into advanced level. Essay Question — You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic. Bullying is a big problem in many schools. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. You should write at least 250 words. Answer — One of the pressing concerns in today’s world, particularly among the youngsters, is that of bullying. It is truly an alarming issue and should be dealt with immediately in order to create harmony among the juveniles and to form a stronger bond among them. In this essay I will present some of the factors causing this issue and a few possible solutions to mitigate it. One of the first reasons for which students in schools become bullies is that they feel isolated from the society which not only severely injures their mental health but also starts to form resentment in them. If a society is not inclusive, many young people will feel disconnected from its members including their peers and in order to vent out this frustration of theirs, they may resort to bullying in schools as it is easier for them to pick on others of the same age or younger. Making them feel more welcome, for example, is one of the solutions that can positively impact the mind of youngsters which will bring them to the realization that bullying is a heinous act. Schools can play a great role in this regard as they are a mini society themselves and a hub for social development and raising awareness. Besides, these delinquents are also susceptible to peer pressure resulting in a negative impact on their character: making them arrogant, aggressive, rude, argumentative; all of which leads to conflict that develops into small fights and eventually ends up into bullying. These juveniles, in my opinion, are more of a need of counselling rather than punishment which may worsen the situation, and schools are the best places for students to receive it. Proper counselling can completely transform a bully into a person who not only refrain from bullying but also condemns bullying and plays an active role in abolishing such harassment from the school. In a nutshell, there are as many solutions to abolishing bullying as there are factors that breed it. It is very important to deal with the matter in a progressive manner and resort to the correct solutions at the correct times in order to permanently drive it away. ( This essay has been written by Shadman Rahman, a student of Bangladesh MHM school and College , Doha, Qatar) Paragraph Writing Global warming The world climate is an intriguing research subject for scientists all over the world and a major part of this research is concerning the phenomenon called “Global warming.” The steady rise of the atmospheric temperature over a long period of time due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases is known as global warming. Global warming is unavoidable as it is caused by both man-made and natural factors, but the severity of this phenomenon can be controlled by taking necessary measures. Due to global warming extreme weather conditions persist for a longer period of time as well as the intensity is increased to life threatening levels. Furthermore, the natural flow of the ecosystem is disrupted due to the rising ocean acidity caused by the absorption of additional carbon dioxide from the air. Besides, unplanned deforestation not only accelerates global warming but also causes the extinction of various animal species. Air, water and soil is polluted to an incomprehensible extent and it directly affects the living condition of the people all around the world. The glaciers and ice caps are melting due to increased ocean temperature. As a result, the sea level is rising exponentially resulting in coastal erosion which inundates community and residential properties. Thus, it is seen that the lives of every living being is being endangered due to global warming. In order to put a halt to the consistent increase in temperature people need to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Because it is the main factor behind the excess emission of green-house gases and carbon dioxide. Also, different seminars and programs should be arranged to make people aware of the consequences of global warming. The government should encourage people to use renewable sources of energy by making it affordable and efficient for everyone. The judicial departments need to be strengthened so that matters regarding unplanned deforestation, toxic waste release and badly maintained vehicles are resolved within a short period of time. If the people and the governing bodies of every country concern themselves with this topic, then humanity can expect to make progress in reducing the negative effects of global warming. ( This paragraph has been written by Akif, a student of Bangladesh MHM school and College , Doha, Qatar) Paragraph Writing A Book Fair As learning plays a quintessential role in every individual's life, it is more of an obligation for us to improve our learning skills by means of various genres of books available. To achieve this goal, books fairs are deemed to be one of the best spots to collect all the finest books that works as a gateway to quench our thirst for knowledge. A book fair is essentially similar to a festival for those who value books more than anything else. It provides us with the opportunity to hunt down the rarest collection of books under every category. Even more surprising, the book stalls not only feature books of all sorts but also provide educational tools of varying degrees. For instance, publishing houses dedicated to children often provide educational toys in addition to children's books. Such measures spark an eagerness in children to read books more and more. Fairs also provide parents with the opportunity to engage in reading with the children in regular cycles. Because of its immeasurable importance, there is hardly any country that does not host a book fair. Based on the number of publishing houses represented and the number of visitors, Frankfurter Buchmesse, or Frankfurt Book Fair, has earned the record to be the world's largest book fair that opens its doors to a long queue of eagerly waiting bibliophiles from every corner of the world. Besides, In our country, the most prominent book fair is known as the "Ekushey Book Fair '', which is a month-long event that takes place every year. The event is organised under the supervision and organisation of Bangla Academy. It is sponsored and supported by separate government entities as well. The book fair witnesses a large participation of publishing houses, libraries, cultural institutions, research centres, associations, universities and whatnot. Apart from book stalls, separate arts and crafts workshops are also lined up in the vicinity for visitors to enjoy the intricate craftsmanship displayed around the stalls. In addition to selling affordable books, book sellers offer a rich selection of manuscripts, dictionaries, encyclopedias, artist books, magazines, as well as ancient literary pieces. There are seminars, panel discussions, presentations, author meet-ups, etc to keep the exhibitors and visitors engaged and to disseminate further knowledge. A book fair, therefore, instills a love of reading that lasts a lifetime. It brings publishers, agents, distributors, retailers and book lovers together on a single platform. On top of that, it gives an opportunity to reflect our appreciation for all the hardworking writers out there. It is with deep sorrow that most of the book fairs across the world are shrinking in size and it is our duty to find ways to establish a great deal of scope for this event to flourish once again. ( This paragraph has been written by Habiba , a student of Bangladesh MHM school and College , Doha, Qatar) PRICE HIKE "Syndicate of traders behind broiler chicken price hike”, “Price hike causing a drastic increase in the prices of essentials in Bangladesh”, “Onions to remain expensive for another month”, “Price hike of essentials weigh down on 90% people" : Bold fonts plastered on daily headlines and blaring news titles have effectively introduced us all to the highlight of our crumbling socioeconomic status: price hike. It has grown country so lastingly and frequently akin to our daily lives that the people of our country aren't even phased by it any longer, they have grudgingly learned to accept the soaring prices of the daily market. In essence, price hike refers to the drastic or sudden increase in prices, rates, taxes or various other quantities. In spans from food to accommodation, education, health treatments, facilities; in short, all necessities foe the citizens. The arbitrariness of our market systems and the lack of economic general formulas birth the opportunities for these tremendous increases in the prices of various necessities. Bangladesh, a country still on her primary stages of development, houses countless middle-income and poor people, struggling to provide the bare necessities for survival. And when the prices of goods increase abnormally, it is akin to rubbing salt to our open wounds. As per the natural rule of economy, it is only expected that prices of goods will gradually increase. This is called inflation, and it eventuates when the value of money decreases. However, price hike is quite different, as it means not the price growth of everything, rather a higher increase in the price of a single product or service. In accordance to our country's demographic, the causes of price hike are many and ever increasing. Some of the most dreaded ones are: decrease of production, increase of money supply, hoarding, black marketing, syndicating, population explosion, moral degradation, natural calamities and many more. Basic necessities are on constant demand, and any shortage on that supply triggers the increase of prices. Often times, this spike is intentional to gain profit. In spite of Bangladesh suffering from severe food security, the syndicates of ruthless self-catering businesses tend to aggravate the situation even more, lustfully aiming to make more money and lining their pockets in the name of insufficient supply. Shortage of required supply, hindrance in the local production, import deficits, paired with the lack of proper distribution of goods result in these disastrous price spike. Moreover, just as rule and regulations do not work in our market fields, so does the lack of ethics. In a civilized society, the prices of daily commodities are reduced or stabilized. However, in our oh-so-stable economy, the advent of any major religious or national upcomings are the perfect excuses for the prices of goods to soar to the stars. Not only that, people are down to pin any reason for hiking the prices, be it rains, strikes, blockades, epidemics, even elections. Of course, there is also the surge in the prices in the international market. And in the midst of it this whirlwind of sky-rocketing prices and the cunning claws of money-crazed madmen, it is the low middle income, poor and destitute of our country who bear the brunt of it all. Downcast, forlorn and without a voice to speak on their own, they are the ones subjected to suffer in silence as the ability to meet their daily necessities gets harder each passing day. They are forced to cut down on their already measly spending and resort to cheaper, at times even health depreciating, alternatives. It is absolutely abhorring of the government to simply stand by and let this atrocity reign. They have a God-bestowed responsibility to protect the rights of the citizens and consumers. Necessary measures have to be taken to prevent the destabilization of the market through stocks, syndicates or any unethical means. They have to take the highest local position in setting the prices without prioritizing the demands of the traders. Consumers need to be properly informed of the reasons of price hike. Effective steps are to be taken to curb every notorious syndicate cycles. Other measures include: increase of production, decrease of money supply and public expenditure, providing self-employment opportunities, population management etc. It is an obligation upon the government to initiate immediate action in keeping the overall market stable by uncovering the reasons behind unbridled price hikes on essential commodities. Then, and only then, will the betterment of our socio-economy manifest before us as we aspire for a stable and convenient market field for all. ( This paragraph has been written by Shafia , a student of Bangladesh MHM school and College , Doha, Qatar) Essay Writing Artificial Intelligence: Pros and Cons From the beginning of the human race, invention of new technologies or ideas as well as discovery of resources are usual processes that are being carried out continuously for ensuring human survival, advancement, and comfort. Following these steps of development, our world has seen different ages—ancient age, mediaeval age, colonial age, early modern age—which are incomparable to our present modern time, where computational technologies are one of the robust contributors to take our earth to the next level. Artificial intelligence—the field of science concerned with building computers or machines that can reason, solve, and determine various problems using their own intelligence—is undoubtedly an astounding invention and researching facts introduced by modern science. This subject deals with various topics: algorithms, machine learning, programming, cybersecurity, neural networks, customers' recommendations, automation, language processing, robotics, and computer vision. Nowadays, people irrespective of gender are highly busy with their occupations, and managing household activities has turned life stressful. However, robots planned with artificial intelligence can provide assistance to accomplish the public's daily activities with great accuracy and skills. One of the finest examples of this can be a cooking robot, which is designed to cook every day's meal for its owners, allowing them to get comfort and sufficient rest by discarding this daily tension. Another crucial role played by AI is determining perpetrators and detecting criminal events; often it is made plausible that in future robots with AI can act as a person's bodyguard. Thus, the rapid augmentation of security by AI can aid us in depreciating crime rates and building an offence-free society. Moreover, it is nothing unnatural to believe the concept that AI would take part in the decision-making process, accepting every individual's preference for guiding them throughout their way of life in maximum efficiency. Despite having a considerable number of advantages, it has nevertheless got cutthroat demerits. Many critics have identified that upgrading AI to a great extent might be a dire threat for human beings. The tendency of AI to always be positive can frequently clash with humans or other creatures' emotions, which is predicted to initiate a future war with mankind and artificial intelligence. Also, highly programmed robots gain the ability for self-satisfaction and bear the potential for creating several issues: murder, looting, destruction, arson, and manipulating diverse situations. To conclude, it is necessary to say that upgrading AI to such an extent would require further decades of development. As a result, their unpredictable actual results are giving birth to various myths and rumours lacking any evidence. However, like every technology, undoubtedly AI has pros and cons that need to be identified, and they should be utilised accordingly. ( This essay has been written by Jabid , a student of Bangladesh MHM school and College , Doha, Qatar)

ENGLISH FOR JSC EXAMINATION JSC Model Tests SENTENCE STRUCTURES JSC English 1st Paper Board Questions JSC English 2nd Paper Board Questions JSC English Board Questions Solution Marks Distribution of English for JSC Total marks 100 Section A: Seen part (20) Test items Marks Distribution Source 1. Multiple Choice Question 1×7=7 Seen 2. Gap filling (without clues) 5 Seen 3. Short question 2×4=8 Seen Section B: Unseen part (25) 4. Information Transfer 1×5=5 Unseen 5. True/False 1×5=5 Unseen 6. Fill in the gaps with clues 1×5=5 Unseen 7. Gap filling with clues 0.5×10=5 Unseen 8. Matching sentences 1×5=5 Unseen Section C: Grammar (25) 9. Speech/Narration 5 10. Use of Articles 5 11. Punctuation 5 12. Changing sentences 1×5=5 (Voice, Sentences, Interrogative, Affirmative, Negative, Exclamatory) 13. Prefix and Suffix 5 Section D: Writing (30) 14. Dialogue writing 10 15. Paragraph writing 10 16. Formal/ Informal Email 10 Grammar and composition based paper 2 Grammar items: Degree of comparison, gerund and participle, modals, linking words, summary writing, completing story English Q. No-1A MULTIIPLE CHOICE QUESTION Q. No-2 SHORT ANSWER Q. No-3 WTIHOUT CLUES Q. No-4 INFORMATION TRANSFER Q. No-5 SUMMARY WRITING Q. No-6 TABLE Q. No-7 REARRANGING Q. No-8 PARGRAPH Q. No-9 COMPLEING STORY Q. No-10 GRAPH,CHART Q. No-11 EMAIL Q. No-12 DIALOGUE Q. No-1 WITH CLUES ARTICLE, PREPOSTION & PARTS OF SPEECH Q. No-2 WITHOUT ARTICLE, PREPOSTION & PARTS OF SPEECH Q. No-3 TABLE Q. No-4 RIGHT FORMS OF VERB Q. No-5 NARRATION Q. No-6 TRANSFORMATION Q. No-7 SENTENCE COMPLETION Q. No-8 PREFIX AND SUFFIX Q. No-9 TAG QUESTION Q. No-10 CONNECTOR Q. No-11 PUNCTUATION Q. No-12 CV WITH COVER LETTER Q. No-13 APLLICATION Q. No-14 PARAGRAPH Q. No-15 COMPOSITION JSC EXAMINATION-2023 English Suggestion Part A: Seen Passage (20 Marks) 1. Nakshi Kantha is a kind of embroidered quilt.*** 2. The ethnic people in Bangladesh hold a very important place in the culture of the country.*** 3. Bangladesh cuisine is rich and varied with the use of many spices.*** 4. Shamima's misery started the day she was married.*** 5. At the farthest corner of Bangladesh there is a village called Tarapur.*** 6. Thousands of years ago, the first pearl was probably discovered while human beings were searching for good at the seashore.** 7. River gypsies are an ethnic group of people in Bangladesh.*** 8. River gypsies in Bangladesh are having various problems.*** 9. Once upon a time, a dove and a bat were very good friends.** 10. Zara lives with her parents in London.** 11. Human beings conquered the distance on earth by discovering wheels.** 12. Communication of ideas is at the centre of civilization. 13. There is a small village called Bhabanipur in Jhenaidah.*** 14. Shamima started to tell us her story.** 15. The Tha Kha floating market is more traditional with a few tourist visiting than other floating markets.** 16. Health is the condition of our body and mind.* 17. The word hygiene means the practice of keeping ourselves clean.* 18. Rumi Akter, 13, is in class 8 at Prime School in Chattogram.* 19.The Historic 7th March speech*** 20.Bangabandhu and language movement*** Part B: Unseen Passage (25 Marks) 1. John Keats was not only a deeply thoughtful poet but also the most studious and inspired artist among the romantics of the 19th century. 2. Mother Teresa, the servant of humanity, was born on August 26, 1910, in Macedonia. 3. The greatest dramatist of English literature named Shakespeare was born and died on the same date. 4. Captain Mohiuddin Jahangir was an officer in the Bangladesh Army during the 1971 Liberation War. 5. Ravindranath Tagore was one of the greatest poets of Bangla literature. 6. Jibanananda Das was born in a small town of Barishal in 1899. 7. Begum Rokeya was born in 1880 at Pairabond, a village in the district of Rangpur. 8. Zainul Abedin was born at a village in Kishoreganj in 1914. 9. Ravindranath Tagore was one of the most leading poets I'm the history of world literature. 10. The world is full of great men. 11. The Eiffel Tower in Paris was named after Gustave Eiffel, a Frenchman who built the tower. 12. Marconi was an Italian Inventor. 13. Jonathan Swift was born of English parents in Dublin in 1667. 14. George Washington was the first President of the USA. 15. Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists of modern age, was born of Jewish parents in Germany in 1879 AD. 16. Lord Byron was an English poet lived from 1788 to 1824. 17. Sher-e- Bangla A. K. Fazlul Huq was born in 1872 at the village of Chakhar in Barishal. 18. John Donne was born in 1573 in London. 19. Cricket is one of the most popular games, especially, one day cricket. Question Number: 6 ( Cloze Test with clues) 1. Nature has made an.... 2. Time and tide wait for none. No.... 3. Floods cause huge damages. They.... 4. Road accidents have become a common..... 5. Man has an unquenchable thirst..... 6. Books are men's best friends in.... 7. Proper education..... 8. Patriotism is an inherent quality of... 9. Women are nowadays as important as men in society. They.... 10. Trees are gifts of..... 11. Nature has given her.... 12. A rainy day is dull and gloomy.... 13. A newspaper is a storehouse of knowledge.... 14. Honesty is a great virtue..... 15. Students should not..... 16. Travelling is very interesting. It is a part of.... 17. Physical exercise means the regular movement of different parts of the body.... 18. Dengue fever is one of the fatal diseases.... 19. Student life is the most useful and..... 20. People use internet for personal and.... 21. Education is compared light. Proper education provides a learner with .... 22. Our freedom fighters are the real heroes of our country..... 23. We live in age of science. We can see the influence of science in every..... 24. Student life is a life of.... 25. Good health means the... Question Number: 7 (Cloze Test without Clues) 1. A book fair is our best friend. By.... 2. Truthfulness is a novel virtue. It is... 3. Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated country.... 4. Manner is the mirror if human character. Good manner is an integral part.... 5. Television is the most widely used.... 6. Education is one of the basic needs of human being. It is essential.... 7. Honesty is a great virtue. It helps a man to.... 8. Man cannot live ..... 9. Patriotism is love for one's.... 10. An honest man is a true to.... 11. We live in Bangladesh. We..... 12. Modern science... 13. There are so many trees and plants in Bangladesh. Trees are.... 14. Sincerity is the key to success.... 15. Kazi Nazrul Islam is.... Question Number: 8 (Matching Sentences) 1. Education is the.... 2. Early rising.... 3. Illiteracy is a curse..... 4. Everyone has to..... 5. Culture is... 6. Our freedom fighters are... 7. Unemployment is.... 8. Culture is s complete picture.... 9. People do not eat the same food..... 10. Character is practically..... 11. Newspaper carries news and views.... 12. An educated mother... 13. We earn money so that.... 14. Education... 15. Today most of the students.... 16. Drug bear a terrible effect.... 17. A teacher plays a vital role in.... 18. Frustration is the cause.... 19. A flower is regarded as the.... 20. Trees are our..... 21. Students have.... 22. Drug addiction is now.... 23. Physical exercise means... 24. The secret of success lies... 25. Punctuality means coming... Part C: Grammar (25 Marks) Question Number: 9 (Adding suitable suffix, prefix or both) 1. Kazi Nazrul Islam is very.... 2. As human beings we should gain some moral qualities..... 3. Our education remains..... 4. There was a poor farmer in a village.... 5. The importance of television is beyond..... 6. Honesty is the best of all virtues.... 7. Money is the means of leading..... 8. Dhaka is the.... 9. Our freedom fighters fought... 10. The tourist are enchanted with the natural beauties of Bangladesh... 11. Humayan Ahmed was a famous novelist of our country.... 12. Freedom fighters is a..... 13. Illiteracy means in inability to read and write...... 14. Early rising is the habit of getting up from bed early in the morning.... 15. Truthfulness is a great virtue.... 16. Perseverance is a great virtue to be..... 17. An ideal student is.... 18. Success in life depends on the proper...... 19. Teaching is a novel profession.... 20. Trees are useful to man in many ways..... 21. A good student is..... 22. Patriotism means love for one's country..... 23. Health is wealth. A man with.... 24. Eve-teasing is one of our social problems.... 25. Student life is the golden season of life.... Writing Part (D) Dialogue Writing 1. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the necessity of reading newspaper. 2. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about your preparation for the exam. 3. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the value of physical exercise 4. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the importance of learning English 5. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about your aim in life 6. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the merits and demerits mobile phone 7. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the bad effect of smoking 8. Write a dialogue between doctor and you about your illness 9. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the importance of tree plantation 10. Write a dialogue between you and your friend about the bad effect of illiteracy 11. Write a dialogue between two friends on how to make a good result Email Writing 1. An email to your friend about your Preposition for JSC exam 2. An email to your friend thanking her for the present she sent on your birthday. 3. An email to your friend congratulations him on his brilliant result in the JSC exam 4. An email to your friend inviting him/her to accompany you to a picnic 5. An email to your father asking for some money 6. An email to your friend thanking him and other members of his family for their hospitality 7. An email to your friend about the annual sports day of your school 8. An email to your friend inviting him to attend the party of your birthday 9. An email to your friend requesting him to attend the marriage ceremony of your elder sister 10. An email to your friend inviting him to visit your country Paragraph Writing 1. A School Library 2. A School Magazine 3. Traffic Jam 4. Tree Plantation 5. A Tea Stall 6. A Winter Morning 7. Our National Flag 8. A Rainy Day 9. A Street Accident 10. Load Shedding 11. A Street Hawker 12. The importance of Learning English You can also read Pargraph Writing Important Pargraphs for Exam Application Important Applications for Exam Letter Writing Important Letters for Exam Story Writing Important Stories for Exam Graph, Chart, Diagram Describing Bar Graphs for Exam Pie Charts for Exam Dialogue Writing Important Dialogues for Exam Essay/Composition Writing Important Compositions for Exam Writing E-mail Important Informal E-mails for Exam Important formal E-mails for Exam CV with Cover Letter Report Writing Amplification Writing Notice Writing Purchase Order Writing Complaint Letter Writing

IELTS WRITING Academic IELTS Writing Acadmic Task-1 Voabulary AC Task-1 Report Writing Writing Task-2 Eassy Writing IELTS Writing Essay-wise Ideas General Training IELTS Writing GT Task-1 Voabulary GT Task-1 Letter Writing Writing Task-2 Eassy Writing IELTS Writing Essay-wise Ideas Test format – Academic Writing (60 minutes) Topics are of general interest to, and suitable for, test takers entering undergraduate and postgraduate studies or seeking professional registration. There are two tasks: Task 1 - you will be presented with a graph, table, chart or diagram and asked to describe, summarise or explain the information in your own words. You may be asked to describe and explain data, describe the stages of a process, how something works or describe an object or event. Task 2 - you will be asked to write an essay in response to a point of view, argument or problem. Responses to both tasks must be in a formal style. IELTS Academic Writing description Paper format: There are two Writing tasks and BOTH must be completed. Timing: 60 minutes No. of questions: 2 Task types: In Task 1, test takers are asked to describe some visual information (graph/table/chart/diagram) in their own words. They need to write 150 words in about 20 minutes. In Task 2, they respond to a point of view or argument or problem. They need to write 250 words in about 40 minutes. Answering: Answers must be given on the answer sheet and must be written in full. Notes or bullet points are not acceptable as answers. Test takers may write on the question paper but this cannot be taken from the examination room and will not be seen by the examiner. A detailed look at the paper with links to related resources. Task 1 Task type and format: In Writing Task 1, test takers may be asked to describe facts or figures presented in one or more graphs, charts or tables on a related topic; or they may be given a diagram of a machine, a device or a process and asked to explain how it works. They should write in an academic or semi-formal/neutral styles and include the most important and the most relevant points in the diagram. Some minor points or details may be left out. Test takers should spend no more than 20 minutes on this task. They are asked to write at least 150 words and will be penalised if their answer is too short. While test takers will not be penalised for writing more than 150 words, they should remember that a longer Task 1 answer may mean that they have less time to spend on Task 2, which contributes twice as much to the Writing band score. Test takers should also note that they will be penalised for irrelevance if the response is off-topic or is not written as full, connected text (e.g. using bullet points in any part of the response, or note form, etc.). They will be severely penalised for plagiarism (i.e. copying from another source). Test takers must write their answers on the answer booklet. Task focus: This task assesses the ability to identify the most important and relevant information and trends in a graph, chart, table or diagram, and to give a well-organised overview of it using language accurately in an academic style. No. of questions: 1 Task 2 Task type and format: In Writing Task 2, test takers are given a topic to write about an academic or semi-formal/neutral style. Answers should be a discursive consideration of the relevant issues. Test takers should make sure that they read the task carefully and provide a full and relevant response. For example, if the topic is a particular aspect of computers, they should focus on this aspect in their response. They should not simply write about computers in general. Test takers should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. They are asked to write at least 250 words and will be penalised if their answer is too short. While test takers will not be penalised for writing more than 250 words, if they write a very long answer they may not have time for checking and correcting at the end and some ideas may not be directly relevant to the question. Task 2 contributes twice as much to the final Writing band score as Task 1. Therefore, test takers who fail to attempt to answer this task will greatly reduce their chance of achieving a good band. Test takers will be penalised for irrelevance if the response is off-topic or is not written as full, connected text (e.g. using bullet points in any part of the response, or note form, etc.). They will be severely penalised for plagiarism (i.e. copying from another source). Finally, test takers should make sure that they do not copy directly from the question paper because this will not be assessed. They must write their answers on the answer booklet. Task focus: This task assesses the ability to present a clear, relevant, well-organised argument, giving evidence or examples to support ideas and use language accurately. No. of questions: 1 IELTS Academic Writing - How it's marked Marking and assessment Each task is assessed independently. The assessment of Task 2 carries more weight in marking than Task 1. Responses are assessed by certificated IELTS examiners. All IELTS examiners hold relevant teaching qualifications and are recruited as examiners by the test centres and approved by the British Council or IDP: IELTS Australia. Scores are reported in whole and half bands. Detailed performance descriptors have been developed which describe written performance at the nine IELTS bands. These are available on the How IELTS is scored page. They apply to both IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training versions and are based on the following criteria. Task 1 responses are assessed on: Task achievement Coherence and cohesion Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 responses are assessed on: Task response Coherence and cohesion Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy. Performance descriptors Task 1 Task achievement This assesses how appropriately, accurately and relevantly the response fulfils the requirements set out in the task, using the minimum of 150 words. Academic Writing Task 1 is a writing task which has a defined input and a largely predictable output. It is basically an information-transfer task that relates narrowly to the factual content of an input diagram and not to speculative explanations that lie outside the given data. Coherence and cohesion This concerns overall clarity and fluency: how the response organises and links information, ideas and language. Coherence refers to the linking of ideas through logical sequencing. Cohesion refers to the varied and appropriate use of cohesive devices (for example, logical connectors, pronouns and conjunctions) to assist in making the conceptual and referential relationships between and within sentences clear. Lexical resource This refers to the range of vocabulary used and its accuracy and appropriacy in terms of the specific task. Grammatical range and accuracy This refers to the range and accurate use of grammar as manifested in their sentence writing. Task 2 Task response In both IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training versions, Task 2 requires test takers to formulate and develop a position in relation to a given prompt in the form of a question or statement. Ideas should be supported by evidence, and examples may be drawn from the test takers’ own experience. Responses must be at least 250 words in length. Scripts under the required minimum word limit will be penalised. Coherence and cohesion This assesses the overall clarity and fluency of the message: how the response organises and links information, ideas and language. Coherence refers to the linking of ideas through logical sequencing. Cohesion refers to the varied and appropriate use of cohesive devices (for example, logical connectors, pronouns and conjunctions) to assist in making the conceptual and referential relationships between and within sentences clear. Lexical resource This criterion refers to the range of vocabulary used and its accuracy and appropriacy in terms of the specific task. Grammatical range and accuracy This assesses the range and accurate use of grammar, as manifested in their test takers’ writing at sentence level. Test format – General Training Writing (60 minutes) Topics are of general interest. There are two tasks: Task 1 - you will be presented with a situation and asked to write a letter requesting information, or explaining the situation. The letter may be personal, semi-formal or formal in style. Task 2 - you will be asked to write an essay in response to a point of view, argument or problem. The essay can be fairly personal in style. IELTS General Training Writing description Paper format: There are two Writing tasks to complete. Timing: 60 minutes No. of questions: 2 Task types: In Task 1, test takers are asked to respond to a situation, for example, by writing a letter requesting information or explaining a situation. In Task 2, test takers write an essay in response to a point of view, argument or problem. Answering: Answers must be written in full in the answer booklet. Notes or bullet points in whole or in part are not acceptable as answers. Test takers may write on the question paper but this cannot be taken from the test room and will not be seen by the examiner. A detailed look at the paper with links to related resources. Task 1 Task type and format: In Writing Task 1, test takers are presented with a situation and required to write a personal response in the form of an informal, semi-formal or formal letter of at least 150 words in the answer booklet provided. The situations they are asked to write about are common, everyday ones such as: writing to a college accommodation officer about problems with accommodation, writing to a new employer about time management problems they are having, writing to a local newspaper about a plan to develop a local airport, writing to a renting agency to sort out problems with the heating system in their house. Test takers are told what kind of information (in the form of three bullet points) they must include in their response. They may be required to request or give information and/or explain a situation. To do this, they may need to do some of the following: ask for and/or provide general factual information, express needs, wants, likes or dislikes, express opinions or complaints, make requests or make suggestions/recommendations. The style of writing that test takers use depends who they are asked to write to (i.e. the audience) and how well they are supposed to know them. They need to write in a style that is appropriate for their audience and that will help them to achieve their purpose for writing, e.g. writing to a friend (informal) or writing to a manager (semi-formal or formal). Test takers do not need to include any addresses at the head of their letters. Test takers should spend no more than 20 minutes on this task. They are asked to write at least 150 words and will be penalised if their answer is too short. While test takers will not be penalised for writing more than 150 words, they should remember that a longer Task 1 answer may mean that they have less time to spend on Task 2, which contributes twice as much to the Writing band score. Test takers should also note that they will be penalised for irrelevance, if the response is off-topic or is not written as full, connected text (e.g. using bullet points in any part of the response, or note form, etc.). They will be severely penalised for plagiarism (i.e. copying from another source). Task focus: This task assesses the ability to follow English letter-writing conventions (i.e. what order to put information in, what style to use, how to start and finish a letter), to use language accurately and appropriately and to organise and link information coherently and cohesively. No. of questions: 1 Task 2 Task type and format: In Writing Task 2, test takers write a semi-formal/neutral discursive essay of at least 250 words in the answer book provided. The task instructions give information about a point of view, argument or problem. They then tell test takers how to discuss this, which may involve providing general factual information, outlining and/or presenting a solution, justifying an opinion, evaluating evidence and ideas. Topics are of general interest, - such as: whether children’s leisure activities should be educational, why families are not so close as they used to be and how they could be brought closer, how environmental problems can be solved, who should pay for the care of old people, whether smoking should be banned in public places. Test takers should make sure that they complete the task carefully and provide a full and relevant response. They should organise their ideas clearly and make sure to support their argument with relevant examples (including from their own experience where relevant) or evidence. For this task, test takers need to be able to communicate more abstract and complex ideas and use a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. Task 2 contributes twice as much to the final Writing band score as Task 1. Therefore, test takers who fail to attempt to answer this task will greatly reduce their chance of achieving a good score. Test takers are asked to write at least 250 words and will be penalised if their answer is too short. They should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. Test takers should also note that they will be penalised for irrelevance if the response is off-topic or is not written as full, connected text (e.g. using bullet points in any part of the response, or note form, etc.). They will be severely penalised for plagiarism (i.e. copying from another source). Task focus: This task assesses the ability to follow English discursive writing conventions (i.e. what order to put information in, what style to use, how to start and finish discursive writing, how to paragraph), to organise and link information coherently and cohesively and to use language accurately and appropriately. No. of questions: 1 IELTS General Training Writing - How it's marked Marking and assessment Writing responses are assessed by certificated IELTS examiners. All IELTS examiners hold relevant teaching qualifications and are recruited as examiners by the test centres and approved by the British Council or IDP: IELTS Australia. Each task is assessed independently. The assessment of Task 2 carries more weight in marking than Task 1.Scores are reported in whole and half bands. Detailed performance descriptors have been developed which describe written performance at the nine IELTS bands. They are available on the How IELTS is scored page. The descriptors apply to both the Academic and General Training versions and are based on the following criteria. Task 1 responses are assessed on: Task achievement Coherence and cohesion Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 responses are assessed on: Task response Coherence and cohesion Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy. Performance descriptors Task 1 Task achievement This assesses how appropriately, accurately and relevantly the response fulfils the requirements set out in the task, using the minimum of 150 words. General Training Writing Task 1 is a writing task with a largely predictable output in that each task sets out the context and purpose of the letter and the functions the test taker should cover in order to achieve this purpose. Coherence and cohesion This assesses the overall clarity and fluency of the message: how the response organises and links information, ideas and language. Coherence refers to the linking of ideas through logical sequencing. Cohesion refers to the varied and appropriate use of cohesive devices (for example, logical connectors, pronouns and conjunctions) to assist in making the conceptual and referential relationships between and within sentences clear. Lexical resource This refers to the range of vocabulary the test takers have used and the accuracy and appropriacy of use in terms of the specific task. Grammatical range and accuracy This refers to the range and accurate use of grammar, as manifested in the test takers’ sentence writing. Task 2 Task response In both IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training versions, Task 2 requires test takers to formulate and develop a position in relation to a question or statement. Ideas should be supported by evidence, and examples may be drawn from the test takers’ own experience. Responses must be at least 250 words in length. Scripts under the required minimum word limit will be penalised. The other three assessment criteria (Coherence and Cohesion, Lexical Resource, Grammatical Range and Accuracy) are the same for Task 1 and Task 2. THE MOST IMPORTANT ESSAYS FOR IELTS 1. ARCHITECTURE/HOUSING/BUILDING 2. ARTS/ CULTURE/TRADITION/MUSEUMS 3. BUSINESS/MONEY/ECONOMY 4. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT&LAW 5. EDUCATION 6. ENTERTAINMENT/HOBBY 7. ENVIRONMENT/NATURE/CLIMATE/ANIMALS 8. FAMILY, FRIENDS, CHILDREN 9. FOOD 10. GENDER ISSUES 11. GLOBAL ISSUES/GLOBALIZATION 12. GOVERNMENT 13. HEALTH 14. LANGUAGE 15. MEDIA 16. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 17. SOCIETY/SOCIAL PROLEMS/SOCIAL TRENDS 18. SPORTS 19. TRANSPORT 20. TRAVEL/TOURISM 21. WORK 22. OTHERS/ABSTRACT IDEAS 1. ARCHITECTURE/HOUSING/BUILDING 1. Many old buildings protected by law are part of a nation’s history. Some people think they should be knocked down and replaced by news ones. How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress? 2. Safety standards are important when building peoples’ homes. Who should be responsible for enforcing strict building codes – the government or the people who build the homes? Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 3. It is more important for a building to serve a purpose than to look beautiful. Architects shouldn't worry about producing building as a work of art. Do you agree or disagree? 4. More houses are needed in many countries to cope with increasing populations. Would it be better to build houses in existing towns and cities, or to develop new towns in rural areas? 2. ARTS/CULTURE/TRADITION/MUSEUM 1. There are many different types of music today. Is the traditional music of a country more important than the International music that is heard everywhere nowadays? 2. Creative artists should always have the freedom to express their ideas (in paintings, books, films and songs) in any way they wish. The government should not restrict what they do. To what extent do you agree with this opinion? 3. Government investment in the arts, such as music and theatre, is a waste of money. Governments must invest this money in public services instead. To what extent do you agree with this statement?? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. 4. Art is considered an essential part of all cultures throughout the world. However, these days fewer and fewer people appreciate art and turn their focus to science, technology and business. Why do you think that is? What could be done to encourage more people to take interest in the arts? 5. "Nowadays it is noticed that cultural mixing is reflected within local cultural practices. Do you think it is good for our society?" 6. Some people believe that visitors to other countries should follow local customs and behaviour. Others disagree and think that the host country should welcome cultural differences. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 7. Some believe the primary purpose of museums is to entertain people, while others believe their purpose is to educate. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 8. "Countries become more developed due to mix of different people and their culture. Do you agree or disagree?" 9. There are many different types of music in the world today. Why do we need music? Is the traditional music of a country more important than the international music that is heard everywhere nowadays? 10. Art is considered an important part of a society as well as an expression of its culture. Do you think it is important for children to be taught art? Do you think children should be encouraged to focus on art rather than other subjects? 3. BUSINESS/MONEY/ECONOMY 1. ‘Some people think that changing people’s attitudes to other countries, and culture is an important factor in reducing world poverty. Others, however, feel that the most important method is trade.’ 2. Some people think that they should spend money they earn now enjoying life, while others think that the money should be put into savings for future. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 3. Some people think that it is best to save money, for example in a bank or savings scheme. Other people feel that money should be spent whenever it is available. Discuss these views and reach an opinion on this debate. Give reasons for your answer, and support your essay with ideas and examples from your own experience. 4. Economic progress is often used to measure a country's success. However, some people believe that other factors are more important. What other factors should also be considered when measuring a country's success? Do you think one factor is more important than others? 5. "Some people prefer to help by making donations to local charities while some prefer to donate to national & international organizations. Discuss both measures and give your opinion." 6. As well as making money, businesses also have social responsibilities. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 4. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT&LAW 1. Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. 2. There seems to be an increasing number of serious crimes being committed each year. While some think that the best way is to use the death penalty as a deterrent, many people believe that other measures will be needed. Discuss both sides of view. 3. In order to reduce crime, some argue that attacking its cause like poverty is the best solution, while others believe that putting more people in prisons and having more policemen are more convenient way in tackling crime. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 4."Prison is the only truly effective form of punishment, because it separates criminals from society" To what extent do you support this view? You should give reasons for your answer, and include ideas and examples from your own knowledge and experience. 5. Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later, and it is often argued that these are the best people to talk to teenagers about the dangers of committing a crime. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Many offenders commit more crimes after serving the first punishment. Why is this happening, and what measures we can take to tackle this problem? 5. EDUCATION 1. In some developed countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year at the end of high school and before starting university. What are the pros and cons for young people who choose to do this. 2. In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. 3. The main purpose of a university is to provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed for students to get a good job. To what extent do you agree? 4. Some people believe that children will have a bright future if they are always rewarded by their parents and teachers when they behave well. However, other people argue that if the children misbehave, they should receive punishment so that they can become qualified citizens. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 5. Technology is becoming increasingly prevalent in the world today. In the not too distant future, technology will completely replace the teacher in the classroom. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? 6. Some people say that distance learning is a quick and effective way to study. Others, however, disagree and say that distance learning programs can never be as good as courses taken in person. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? 7. Some people believe all children should be taught together. Others say that they should be separated according to academic abilities. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 8. Some people believe that teaching children at home is best for a child’s development while others think that it is important for children to go to school. Discuss the advantages of both methods and give your own opinion. 9. Schools are spending more time teaching traditional subjects such as history. Some people think they should rather spend more time in teaching skills that can help students find a job. To what extent do you agree or disagree. 10. Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 6. ENTERTAINMENT/HOBBY/LEISURE TIME 1. Youngsters these days find hardly any time for leisure. Is this a positive development? What are the causes of this? If this is a problem, can you suggest solutions? 2. Many people today are worried about young children using video games. What problems might these games cause, for children and society as a whole? How could these problems be reduced? You should give reasons for your answer, and include ideas and examples from your own knowledge and experience. 3. Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be enjoyable. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 4. Some people regard video games as harmless fun, or even as a useful educational tool. Others, however, believe that videos games are having an adverse effect on the people who play them. In your opinion, do the drawbacks of video games outweigh the benefits? 7. ENVIRONMENT/NATURE/CLIMATE/ANIMAL 1. Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. 2. There are many extinct animals’ species in the world. Some people think we should protect animals from dying out, while others believe we should spend more time on problems of human beings. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 3. Some people think that instead of preventing climate change, we need to find a way to live with it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 4. Some people think that instead of preventing climate change, we need to find a way to live with it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 5. The world's air pollution levels are rising year on year. What are the most pressing causes and effects of this disturbing trend? 6. Nowadays there is a rapid increase in the use of natural resources such as oil, forest and fresh water. What dangers does it bring? What are the possible solutions to address these issues? 7. Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do? 8. Some people feel that it is always wrong to keep animals in captivity, for instance in zoos. Other people say that there are benefits for the animals and for humans. Discuss both sides of this debate, and give your personal view. You should give reasons for your answer, and include ideas and examples from your own knowledge and experience. 9. Nowadays animal experiments are widely used to develop new medicines and to test the safety of other products. Some people argue that these experiments should be banned because it is morally wrong to cause animals to suffer, while others are in favour of them because of their benefits to humanity. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 10. Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They say that the only way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement.
 To what extent do you think laws are needed to make people recycle more of their waste? 8. FAMILY, FRIENDS, CHILDREN 1. Some people say that cities are a better place for children to grow up, while others believe countryside is the right choice. Discuss both views. 2. Nowadays children spend more time playing computer games than doing sports. Why is it happening? Does it have a positive or negative effect on their development? 3. Children do not respect their parents as much as they did in the past. This behaviour is now having a negative impact on society. 4. Some people think that a sense of competition in children should be encouraged. Others believe that children who are taught to co-operate rather than compete become more useful adults. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 5."Children are facing more pressures nowadays from academic, social and commercial perspectives. What are the causes of these pressures and what measures should be taken to reduce these pressures? 6."Mothers play key roles in the upbringing of children. But in the recent times both parents are getting busy with professional life. Who in your opinion should take the responsibility of child care now?" Give your opinion in no less than 250 words. 9. FOOD 1. For a long time there has been concern about the quality of the food we eat because of additives and contaminants. Recently genetically modified (GM) food has become more common, causing concern. Is this concern justified or not? 2. Even though organic fruits and vegetables are more expensive than conventional fruits and vegetables, they are worth the extra cost. Do you agree or disagree. 3. Everyone should follow a vegetarian diet because it is not necessary to eat meat to be healthy. Do you agree or disagree? 4. In some countries an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 5."It is noticeable that fast food consumption has increased substantially during the last 10 years. Discuss its impact on environment and health." 10. GENDER ISSUES 1. "World history suggests that violence and conflict were more evident under male leadership that under female leadership. So. for peace to prevail, female leadership can be considered as a better option that male leadership." Do you agree or disagree? 2. Universities should enrol equal numbers of male and female students in all subjects. Do you agree or disagree? 3. In some schools and universities, girls choose arts subjects (literature), and boys tend to choose science subjects (physics). Why do you think this is so? 4. Many people believe that women make better parents than men and that is why they have the greater role in raising children in most societies. Others claim that men are just as good as women at parenting. 11. GLOBAL ISSUES/GLOBALIZATION 1. Even though globalization affects the world’s economies in a very positive way, its negative side should not be forgotten. Discuss. 2. The world is heavily dependent on oil for energy. Do you think a future re-source will take oil's place? Why do you think this? 3. Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 4.Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. 5. The continued rise in the world’s population is the greatest problem faced by humanity at the present time. What are the causes of this continued rise? Do you agree that it is the greatest problem faced by humanity? 6. Many countries today are experiencing high levels of migration from rural areas to cities. What are the causes of this trend, and what effects does it have on the existing city dwellers? 7. In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations. 8. We cannot help everyone in the world that needs help, so we should only be concerned with our own communities and countries. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 12. GOVERNMENT 1. Some People think that the government is wasting money on the arts and that this money could be better spent elsewhere. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2. Some people think governments should take measures to improve the health of its citizens. Others think it must be managed by individuals. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 3. Few people devote time to hobbies nowadays. Why you think this is the case and what effect this has on the individual and society in general. Differences between countries are becoming less. Nowadays people all over the world are adopting similar fashion and trends. Do you think disadvantages outweigh the advantages? 4. Differences between countries are becoming less. Nowadays people all over the world are adopting similar fashion and trends. Do you think disadvantages outweigh the advantages? 5. "Should Government be responsible for providing pure drinking water to all or should the people obtain their own water?" 6. Some people think that governments should give financial support to creative artists such as painters and musicians. Others believe that creative artists should be funded by alternative sources. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 7. In many cities the use of video cameras in public places is being increased in order to reduce crime, but some people believe that these measures restrict our individual freedom. Do the benefits of increased security outweigh the drawbacks? 13. HEALTH 1. Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement? 2.All over the world, the number of overweight people is growing. What do you feel are the main causes of this? What are the effects? 3. Many doctors are concerned about the high use of computer games by children and young people. What mental and physical problems may arise from excessive use of these games? How could these problems be reduced? 4. In many countries today, there are concerns about the unhealthy lifestyles that people lead. What health issues are linked to modern lifestyles? What answers to these problems can you suggest? Give reasons for your answer, and support your essay with ideas and examples from your own experience. 5. Some people say that the best way to improve public health is to increase the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 6. Many office authorities impose restriction on smoking within the offices premises. Some governments have even banned smoking in all public places. This is a good idea but it takes away some of our freedom. What are your opinions on this? Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 7. In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations. 8.The growing number of overweight people is putting a strain on the health care system in an effort to deal with the health issues involved. Some people think that the best way to deal with this problem is to introduce more physical education lessons in the school curriculum. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 14. LANGUAGE 1. Several languages die every year. Many people feel this is a positive trend and that a world with fewer languages promotes harmony and understanding between people. Analyze both sides of this argument and provide your opinion. 2. Several languages are in danger of extinction because they are spoken by very small numbers of people. Some people say that governments should spend public money on saving these languages, while others believe that would be a waste of money. Discuss both these views and give your opinion. 3. Nowadays, more and more foreign students are going to English-Speaking countries to learn the “international” language – English. It is undoubtedly true that studying English in an English-speaking country is the best way, but it is not the only way to learn it. Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 4. The development of tourism contributed to English becoming the most prominent language in the world. Some people think this will lead to English becoming the only language to be spoken globally. What are the advantages and disadvantages to having one language in the world? 15. MEDIA/SOCIAL MEDIA 1. Today, the expensive price of popular consumer products is because of the power of advertising and not the real needs of people. Do you agree or disagree? 2. News editors decide what to broadcast on television and what to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence these decisions? Have we become used to bad news? Wouldn’t it be better if more good news was reported? 3. News editors decide what to broadcast on television and what to write in newspapers. What factors influence these decisions? Do you think we become used to bad news? Should more good news be reported? 4. Nowadays there are more and more advertisements. Some people think that they have a negative influence on people, and therefore should be restricted. Do you agree or disagree? 5. Many people believe that media coverage of celebrities is having a negative effect on children. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 6. "Advertisements of toys and fast foods are obstacles to children’s physical and mental development, and, at the same time, cause loss of time and money of parents." Give your opinion in no less than 250 words. 7. Many people believe that social networking sites (such as Facebook) have had a huge negative impact on both individuals and society. To what extent do you agree? 16. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1. Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? 2. Smart devices have put all of the world's information at our fingertips. The benefits of this development are obvious, but what are the drawbacks? 3. Since the 18th century technological advances have replaced people in the workplace. With today’s technology this process is happening at a greater rate. Technology is increasingly responsible for unemployment. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 4. There are many problems caused by mobile phones. What are the advantages of mobile phones? What are the disadvantages? 5. Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships that people make? Has this been a positive or negative development? 6. Smart devices have put all of the world's information at our fingertips. The benefits of this development are obvious, but what are the drawbacks? 7. Many people today are worried about cybercrimes such as hacking and identity theft. What problems does `cybercrime' cause, and what solutions can you suggest for ordinary people and businesses to take? 8. Do you support the use of nuclear technology to be used for constructive purposes? Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 9. The advent of the internet has made it possible for people to work from home. Write an essay looking at the advantages and disadvantages of this professional arrangement. Share personal examples in your essay. 10. The advent of the internet has made it possible for people to work from home. Do you feel this working arrangement has more advantages or disad¬vantages? Share personal examples in your essay. 11. Internet crime is increasing rapidly as growing numbers of people purchase goods over the internet. What can be done to tackle this problem? 12. The advent of the internet has made it possible for people to work from home. Do you feel this working arrangement has more advantages or disadvantages? Share personal examples in your essay. 13. Some people regard video games as harmless fun, or even as a useful educational tool. Others, however, believe that videos games are having an adverse effect on the people who play them. In your opinion, do the drawbacks of video games outweigh the benefits? 14. Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships that people make? Has this been a positive or negative development? 17. SOCIETY/SOCIAL PROLEMS/SOCIAL TRENDS 1. “Although abuse of the system is inevitable, social welfare payments are essential to protect the rights citizens have to a guaranteed minimum income in a democratic society” Discuss. 2. It is sometimes said that the countryside offers a high quality of life, especially for families. What are the arguments for and against families choosing to live and work in the countryside, for example as farmers? What is your own view about this? 3. "City Planners' new designs include setting up schools, markets, and commercial places (offices) in different areas of the city. Do you think it will help the city dwellers?" 4. Youth drug abuse is a serous problem. What are the possible causes of this behavior? Do you have any suggestion to control that? Use your own knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 5. The older generations tend to have very traditional ideas about how people should live, think and behave. However, some people believe that these ideas are not helpful in preparing younger generations for modern life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view? 18. SPORTS 1. Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discus both these views and give your own opinion. 2. "Cricket has become more popular than the national sports in the sub-continental countries ."What do you think are the reasons behind this? 3. Some people believe that sport is an essential part of school life for children, while others feel it should be purely optional. Discuss these opposing views and give your own opinion. You should give reasons for your answer, and include ideas and examples from your own knowledge and experience. 4. Popular events like the football World Cup and other international sporting occasions are essential in easing international tensions and releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way. 19. TRANSPORT 1. Transport delays and long journey times are a widespread phenomenon in many cities today. What are the causes of this problem, and how could the situation be improved? 2. Everyday traffic seems to get worse on our roads. How can we reduce the number of cars on our roads today? What alternatives can we offer car drivers? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. 3. In order to solve traffic problems, governments should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. 4. Some people think that strict punishments for driving offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 20. TRAVEL/TOURISM 1. Many people believe that international tourism is a bad thing for their own countries. What are the reasons? What are the solutions to change negative attitudes? 2. Restricting air travel is the only way to prevent air pollution. Do you agree? You should spend about 40 minutes on this task and write at least 250 words. 3. Tourism is always a force for good which enables people of different countries to understand each other.' To what extent do you agree with this idea? 4. Some people like to travel outside of their countries. Others would rather travel to the tourist spots in their own country first before travelling abroad. Which do you prefer to do and why? Include specific details and examples to support your choice. 5."By investing in tourism we can earn a lot of revenue and growth in national economy. At the same time it destroys the local culture. What is your opinion?" Give your opinion in no less than 250 words. 6. Today more people are travelling than ever before. Why is this the case? What are the benefits of travelling for the traveller? 7. Foreign visitors should pay more than local visitors for cultural and historical attractions. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 21. WORK 1. Unemployment remains the biggest challenge to school-leavers in most countries’ How far do you agree with this assessment? What other challenges face young people today? 2. Some people think that having a set retirement (e.g.65 years) for everybody, regardless of occupation, is unfair. They believe that certain workers deserve to retire and receive a pension at an earlier age. 3. Some people think that having a set retirement age (e.g. 65 years) for everybody, regardless of occupation is unfair. They believe that certain workers deserve to retire and receive a pension at an early age. Do you agree or disagree? Which types of workers do you think should benefit from early retirement? 4. Many people today find it difficult to balance the demands of their work and personal life. What are the causes of this situation, and what can individuals and employers do to reduce the problem? You should give reasons for your answer, and include ideas and examples from your own knowledge and experience. 5. Most employers do job interviews before offering a position to a person. Do you think this is the best way to do it, or are there better alternatives? What is the best method of choosing employees in your opinion? 6. Many people decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it. This, they argue, leads to a more satisfying working life. To what extent do you agree with this view? What other things can people do in order to have a satisfying working life? 7. "Changing jobs and residences frequently is a very common scenario nowadays. Do you believe that this is good for one's future?" 8. Men do most high level jobs. Should the government encourage a certain percentage of to be reserved for women? 9. The most important thing about a job is how much money you earn in that job. Do you agree or disagree? 10. Some employers offer their employees subsidised membership of gyms and sports clubs, believing that this will make their staff healthier and thus more effective at work. Other employers see no benefit in doing so. Consider the arguments from both aspects of this possible debate, and reach a conclusion. 11. Many people are working at home rather than in the workplace. Some people believe this will bring benefits to the workers and their families, but others suggest it will cause stress in the home. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 12. The advent of the internet has made it possible for people to work from home. Write an essay looking at the advantages and disadvantages of this professional arrangement. Share personal examples in your essay. 13. When choosing a job, the salary is the most important consideration. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 14. Completing university education is thought by some to be the best way to get a good job. On the other hand, other people think that getting experience and developing soft skills is more important. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 22. OTHERS/ABSTRACT IDEAS-HAPPINESS, SUCCESS ETC. 1. In achieving personal happiness, our relationships with family, friends, and colleagues are more important than work and wealth. Do you agree or disagree with this? 2. In achieving personal happiness, our relationships with family, friends, and colleagues are more important than work and wealth. Do you agree or disagree with this? 3."Some people think that hard work and determination are the keys to success in life. Some, on the other hand, think that there are other factors behind a successful life. Give your opinion." 4. Some people think that a person improves intellectual skills better when doing group activities. To what extent do you agree? Use specific details and examples to explain your view. 5. Nowadays celebrities are more known for their glamour and wealth than for their achievement, and this sets a bad example to young people. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 6. Some people believe famous people’s support for international aid organizations draw public attention. Others think celebrities reduce the importance of the problems. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 7. Whether someone achieves their goal or not is a question of luck. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 8. Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? 9. Some people think that money is one of the most essential factors in promoting happiness. Do you think people can be happy without much money? What other factors contribute towards happiness?

REPORT WRITING Report is a types of composition. Usually a report is written for newspaper or television. There are several types of report Voluntary report- a person writes this kind of report by taking initiative by himself/herself. Authorized report- this type of reports is written by being told or authorized by someone else. Routine report-this type of report is written for newspaper or other media regularly on a specific topic. Special report- on any special situation this type of report is written. Internal report- this type of report is written for any internal use by an organization External report- this type of report is written to let other people know what is going on in an organization. It is more formal than an internal report. Informational report- this report only concentrates on a specific information. Analytical report- in this type of report there might be analysis, explanation and conclusion on a topic. How to write a good report A report might be on incidents, events, occasions, ceremonies or festivals. Format of writing a report Heading Name, Place, Date: Introductory paragraph/Lead ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Main Body ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. Criteria for writing report A report might be written in several paragraphs It should be written in easy and lucid language A writer will describe what really has happened You can include what you have heard, seen or done It should be written in formal impersonal style. The heading of the report should be attractive and catchy. In introduction or lead you should write about time, place and necessary information about the event/incident. Basically introduction gives the answers of Who, where, when, what, and why. In the main body you should give the detail description of the event/incident in one or more paragraphs. In the ending or concluding portion the views of the people or taken initiatives might be included. What you should do Give sufficient information You should not give your own opinion in the report To include the opinions of the people you can use passive voice, direct/indirect speech. Don’t use a word or phrase repeatedly . An example A Devastating Fire at Agrabad Staff Correspondent, Chittagong, 12April 2021: A devastating fire broke out at midnight at Agrabad completely gutting the house of a local businessman. It is learnt from the locals that the fire originating from the kitchen, engulfed the adjoining rooms including the dwelling room. Hearing the hue and cry of the domestic help, the inmates of house woke up and somehow managed to save their lives leaving all the belongings that were burnt to ashes. Three persons sustained serious burn injures and properties worth Tk 5 lakh were damaged when a fire broke out at a house. Sources said the fire originated in the kitchen from a gas burner at about 11.30 pm and soon engulfed the house injuring three members of the house. All the inmates of the house were sleeping when the fire broke out. On information, fire brigade came to the spot and extinguished the fire within two hours. The injured were identified as Solaiman Ali, 55, his son Sohel, 17 and seven-year old nephew Raju. Neighbours took them to Chiitagong Medical College Hospital. As the condition of Raju was deteriorating, he was immediately shifted to Combined Military Hospital (CMH) for better treatment. However, the local people rushed to the spot but failed to bring the fire under control. On information, the fire fighters came to the spot and succeeded in extinguishing the blaze with the help of the people after two hours of frantic efforts. Some people sustained injuries while trying to douse the fire. The extent of loss caused by the fire was estimated at taka ten lakh. © Copyright

Composition/Essay Writing for HSC,SSC & JSC Examination Free Hand Writing : Writing Short Composition (200-250 Words) A short composition is a piece of writing, usually short and in prose, on any particular subject. It may be called a short essay. The topic of a short composition may be anything and everything. The length of it should be moderate. It may be more or less 350 words. Every short composition should have a beginning, a middle and an end. The beginning is the introduction, the middle is the main body of the short composition and the conclusion is the rounding off the subject. The introduction contains hints of what will be discussed or described in the composition. The middle contains discussions, merits and demerits of the topic of the composition. Lastly, the conclusion concludes the discussions. Short composition are of various types: Descriptive - Descriptive compositions are those which describe some place or thing e.g., Dhaka, paper, the cow, flood, etc. Narrative - Narrative compositions are those which narrate some event, past or present, real or unreal, e.g., the life of a person, a football match, a flood (a particular flood) etc. Reflective - Reflective compositions are based on reflections and they are generally of abstract nature, e.g., friendship, honesty, female education etc. Argumentative -Argumentative compositions are those in which the writer tries to establish his/her own view point by putting his/her arguments for or against something. . Descriptive Composition The Wonders of Modern Science Or, The Blessings of Modern Science Or, Science in Everyday Life We live in an age of science. We can see the wonders of science around us. Science has made our life easy and comfortable. We can not think of our modern life without science. The first wonder of modern science is the discovery of electricity. It has changed our life. society and culture. It is a great source of power and energy. The radio, television, lights, fans, electric irons, mills, factories and refrigerators- all work through the power of electricity. Science has linked up the distant parts of the world. Telephone, telex, fax, wireless, telegram are great wonders. They have brought the world closer to us. We can send news from one corner of the world to other within a moment. They have conquered space, distance and time. Radio and television are als6 great media (4iktrii) for communication. Science has discovered many wonders for our recreation. We have cinema, television, radio, tape recorder, gramophone and V.C.R etc for our recreation. Science has lessened human sufferings. It has given eyes to the blind, hearing to the deaf, legs to the lame. It has found out the new ways of health and life. It has increased the joys of life. Penicillin. X-Ray, biopsy and ultra-sonography, E. C. G. are some of the wonders of modern science in the field of medical science.. Hospitals, private clinics and doctors can not go even a single day without these. Science has removed the distance of place. It has saved time. We can travel hundreds of miles within a short time by car, aeroplane, Bus, train, launch and steamer. The inventions of nuclear energy, computer and calculators are great wonders of modern science. The rocket is another wonder of science. It has made space travel easy. Man has landed on the moon successfully. Science is the greatest of all conquerors both past and present. It knows no defeat. It has established itself firmly in our hearts. Narrative Composition My First Day At College Or, The Most Memorable Day of My Life All the days of our life are not equally important and memorable. Only a few of these days occupy a corner in our heart. - My first day at college is such a day. I shall never forget this day. From my. school days I heard a lot about college life from my college going elder brothers and sisters. I formed a very romantic impression of a college life. So, I was eagerly waiting for that happy and romantic college life. At last the cherished day came. It was the 26th of October 1992. My joys knew no bounds. I put on my new dress and started for Govt. B.L. College at 9 A.M. I was charmed to see the attractive and beautiful college building. I understood that the college life opened before me a new vision of life and I must go forward. The whole college campus was crowded by lots of young- pupils both male and female. They were all unknown to me. I felt very lonely. I was moving here and there. I was in a fix where to go. At last I met one of my school friends. I was relieved. We exchanged greetings. We went to the notice board of the college and wrote down class routine. There were many new comers. They were also taking the routine. I found that the classes are not held in a particular room. I Will have to change my class room. From the routine I also learnt that there were intervals. When the bell for the first period rang, we entered the room number 223. I found many students sitting. After a while, a well dresed, handsome gentleman entered the class. He was a professor of English. All the students stood up to show him respect. He called over the rolls.. He spoke to us very softly in simple and clear English. I liked his speech very much. His speech was meaningful. I listened to him with undivided attention. Reflective- Composition Unemployment Problem in Bangladesh Unemployment means the state of being without any work both for educated and uneducated person, for earning one's livelihood. This problem has become a great concern all over the world. But nowhere in the world this problem is so' acute as in Bangladesh. Thousands of people in our country are without any job. At present the toughest task for any young man is to manage a job. There are many reasons behind unemployment problem. Our country is over populated. The rapid growth of population is the main reason of unemployment problem. Our country is industrially very much lagging behind. In fact the development in this field is very slow. Cottage industries have almost decayed. The few mills, factories and industries that we have can only absorb a limited number of people. Most of the people of our country depend on agriculture. But our cultivable land is very limited. Our present system of- education in stead of giving any solution, creates educated unemployed young men. In our educational system there is no much scope of giving vocational training and technical education to a student. So after taking the highest degree even from the highest seat of learning, they remain unemployed. Our educated young men generally think it to be disgraceful to do any manual work. They prefer service to any kind of business. In order to eradicate this problem we have to mobilize all our energies to this great purpose without wasting time. A large number of mills, factories and industries should be set up where many of our unemployed youths will get the opportunity to work. A great change should be brought in our education system. More importance should be given on professional, vocational and technical education. These will make a opening to work in different industrial sectors both home and abroad. The educated youth should change their attitude to life. They must learn to choose independent career. They can work in agriculture field, cultivate fish, grow vegetables. They can start small business. In fact self employment is a possible solution to this great problem. Steps should be taken to set up co-operative farming, cottage industries and to open new system of public work in the rural areas to create job for the village people. Unemployment is a great curse to a nation. We can not expect the development of our country leaving its millions of people unemployed to survive as a boastful nation. We should made all out efforts to get rid of this curse. Argumentative Composition The Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phone Mobile phone is a telephone system that works without any wire. Mobile phone is one of the wonderful wonders of science. It has added a new dimension to our life and to communication system. It can be moved easily and quickly from place to place. Through Mobile phone we can send messages to distant places, play games and sports, know about present time, solve the work of calculation, be aware of different kinds of news and views. At present the popularity of the mobile phone is increasing. Many companies are also being set up for selling mobile phone. A mobile phone is an electronic device. A sim card inside-the mobile helps us to keep constant with the person. We can keep constant contact with the person carrying a- mobile phone. Just a mobile set is not enough. A connection from a local service provider will ensure the functioning of mobile. The advantages of mobile phone are numerous. Its great advantage is its mobility and portability. It is opposite fixed phone. The overwhelming popularity of mobile has threatened the existence of fixed phone. A mobile phone removes the worries of our dear ones by helping to contact the person concerned any time we like. When we hear of any accident or mishap, we want to and can know about our or near on the spot. Thus a mobile phone can ease our tension. A mobile phone has saved a lot of our time and energy by giving ready access to any person who stays away from us. Just a call from a mobile can make us aware of the coming danger. A warning from a mobile can save our lives. Despite numerous advantages and merits of mobile phone sometimes it becomes the cause of health hazard to the users. Specially the minor children are affected much, scientists believe that use of mobile phone causes brain tumours, genetic damage and many incurable irreparable damage to human body. They` say that millions of people are getting benefits but damaged. The blood pressure gets high and red blood cells (RBC) are damaged if a person gets continued exposure to radiation caused by mobile phone. Using mobile phone is also harmful to the pregnant women. So Bangladesh government should have an official ban on using mobile phone by children and pregnant women. Mobile is a blessing as well as wonder of modern science. We should use it realizing maximum benefits. Misuse of mobile phone should be prevented. People. should be made of the health hazards to be posed by mobile phone. The rate of mobile call charge should be reduced as -much as possible. The minor kids should be prevented from using mobile phone. Talking 'over mobile phone should not be an addiction. However despite its disadvantages the necessity of a mobile phone can not be denied to our practical life. Imaginative Composition If I Were A Politician I am a student and my, career plan is to be a chartered accountant. I have never thought of becoming a politician. I am a politically conscious citizen of the country though I do not like politics. Rather recent dirty and bloody games of politics have made me apathetic to it. But I am also well aware of the fact that politicians lead the country and form the government. Whatever important things happen in the country are made by the politicians. Things do not always turn out according to ones wish. So I might be a politician one day. If I were a politician, I would bring a qualitative change in politics and political leadership. I would take initiative and corrective reforms to improve the state of political affairs. If I were a politician, I would dedicate myself to the service of my people, stand by them in their weal and woes, listen to their sufferings and miseries and try my .best to remove the causes of their sufferings. I know that political freedom is meaningless without economic freedom. Though Bangladesh has achieved political freedom, it has not yet achieved economic freedom. Majority of our people are poor and are deprived of proper education, nutritious food, healthcare and pure ,drinking water. So if I were a politician and elected to the Parliament, I would take practical and long-term measures to remove poverty, create more employment opportimity, speed up economic activities of the country, spread education and reach the benefit of governments development programmes to the doors, of common people. I know that to be a successful politician, people's support is a must. In democratic politics, people hold ultimate power and elect their representatives or reject them. So if I were a politician I would above all serve the people and use all my time and energy, knowledge and experience to improye their condition. I would never abuse my power and never wrongly use my position. A real patriotic and dedicated politician can make history, by bringing smiles to thousands of suffering faces. Politicians make history. If I were a politician, I would try to do something noble to .be a part of history. I do not like cheap popularity. I would. only do the right thing. I know that right decision, right work and right outcome would crown me With success. And what would be more right than doing welfare to people as a politician. 300+ Compositions/Essays written by the students

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